AIM: To study the interactive relationship of gallbladder motor function, plasma cholecystokinin (CCK) and cholecystokinin A receptor (CCK-R) of gallbladder in patients with cholesterol stone disease.METHODS: Gallblad...AIM: To study the interactive relationship of gallbladder motor function, plasma cholecystokinin (CCK) and cholecystokinin A receptor (CCK-R) of gallbladder in patients with cholesterol stone disease.METHODS: Gallbladder motility was studied by ultrasonography in 33 patients with gallbladder stone and 10 health subjects as controls. Plasma CCK concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay in fasting status (CCK-f) and in 30 min after lipid test meal (CCK-30).Radioligand method was employed to analyze the amount and activity of CCK-R from 33 gallstone patients having cholecystectomy and 8 persons without gallstone died of severe trauma as controls.RESULTS: The percentage of cholesterol in the gallstone composition was more than 70%. The cholesterol stone type was indicated for the patients with gallbladder stone in this study. Based on the criterion of gallbladder residual fraction of the control group, 33 gallstone patients were divided into two subgroups, contractor group (14 cases)and non-contractor group (19 cases), The concentration of CCK-30 was significantly higher in non-contractor group than that in both contractor group and control group (55.86±3.86 pmol/l vs 37.85±0.88 pmol/l and 37.95±0.74 pmol/L, P＜0.01), but there was no difference between contractor group and control group. Meanwhile no significant difference of the concentration of CCK-f could be observed among three groups. The amount of CCK-R was lower in non-contractor group than those in both control group and contractor group (10.27±0.94 fmol/mg vs24.59±2.39 fmol/mg and 22.66±0.55 fmol/mg, P＜0.01).The activity of CCK-R shown as KD in non-contractor group decreased compared to that in control group and contractor group. Only was the activity of CCK-R lower in contractor group than that in control group. The ejection fraction correlated closely with the amount of CCK-R (r = 0.9683,P＜0.01), and the concentration of CCK-30 correlated negatively with the amount of CCK-R closely (r = -0.9627,P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: The distinctive interac展开更多
The complex compositions and large shrinkage of concrete,as well as the strong constraints of the structures,often lead to prominent shrinkage cracking problems in modem concrete structures.This paper first introduces...The complex compositions and large shrinkage of concrete,as well as the strong constraints of the structures,often lead to prominent shrinkage cracking problems in modem concrete structures.This paper first introduces a multi-field(hydro-thermo-hygro-constraint)coupling model with the hydration degree of cementitious materials as the basic state parameter to estimate the shrinkage cracking risk of hardening concrete under coupling effects.Second,three new key technologies are illustrated:temperature rise inhibition,full-stage shrinkage compensation,and shrinkage reduction technologies.These technologies can efficiently reduce the thermal,autogenous,and drying shrinkages of concrete.There after,a design process based on the theoretical model and key technologies is proposed to control thecracking risk index below the threshold value.Finally,two engineering application examples are provided that demonstrate that concrete shrinkage cracking can be significantly mitigated by adopting the proposed methods and technologies.展开更多
Dear Editor, DNA methylation, which often occurs at the 5-carbon position of cytosine （5mC） located in CpG dinucleotide, is a key epigenetic hallmark and serves as a major epigenetic mechanism for establishing X-in...Dear Editor, DNA methylation, which often occurs at the 5-carbon position of cytosine （5mC） located in CpG dinucleotide, is a key epigenetic hallmark and serves as a major epigenetic mechanism for establishing X-inactivation, parental imprinting and silencing retrotransposable elements during early embryogenesis in mammals. Accumulative evidence also suggests that DNA methylation plays key roles in transcriptional regulation [1].展开更多
State of charge(SOC) is a key parameter of lithium-ion battery. In this paper, a finite difference extended Kalman filter(FDEKF)with Hybrid Pulse Power Characterization(HPPC) parameters identification is proposed to e...State of charge(SOC) is a key parameter of lithium-ion battery. In this paper, a finite difference extended Kalman filter(FDEKF)with Hybrid Pulse Power Characterization(HPPC) parameters identification is proposed to estimate the SOC. The finite difference(FD) algorithm is benefit to compute the partial derivative of nonlinear function, which can reduce the linearization error generated by the extended Kalman filter(EKF). The FDEKF algorithm can reduce the computational load of controller in engineering practice without solving the Jacobian matrix. It is simple of dynamic model of lithium-ion battery to adopt a secondorder resistor-capacitor(2 RC) network, the parameters of which are identified by the HPPC. Two conditions, both constant current discharge(CCD) and urban dynamometer driving schedule(UDDS), are utilized to validate the FDEKF algorithm.Comparing convergence rate and accuracy between the FDEKF and the EKF algorithm, it can be seen that the former is a better candidate to estimate the SOC.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the relationship between gallbladder stone disease (GSD) and single nucleotide polymorphisms of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A) gene promoter,apolipoprotein (APO) B gene exon 26, APOEgene exon ...AIM: To investigate the relationship between gallbladder stone disease (GSD) and single nucleotide polymorphisms of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A) gene promoter,apolipoprotein (APO) B gene exon 26, APOEgene exon 4 or microsatellite polymorphism of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene exon 18.METHODS: Genotypes of CYP7A, APOB, APOE and LDLR genes were determined in 105 patients with GSD diagnosed by B-mode ultrasonography and 274 control subjects.Serum lipids were analyzed with HITACHI 7060 automaic biochemical analyzer.RESULTS: Body mass index (BMI) was significantly higher in patients with GSD (24.47±3.09) than in controls (23.50±2.16).Plasma total cholesterol was lower in patients with GSD (4.66±0.92 mmol/L) than in controls (4.91±0.96 mmol/L),P<0.01 after adjusted for age, sex and BMI. The significantly higher frequency of A allele of CYP7A gene polymorphism and X+ allele of APOBgene polymorphism was seen in GSD patients. Percentages of A allele in patients and controls were 62.86% and 54.38% (P <0.05) and those of X+ allele 8.57% and 4.01% (P<0.01). Subjects with A allele had significantly lower plasma total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol than subjects with CC homozygote. In a multiple variable logistic regression model, the BMI (OR=1.13, 95% CI: 1.05-1.22), A allele (OR=1.48, 95% CI: 1.05-2.09) and X+ allele (OR=2.28, 95% CI: 1.14-4.59) were positively associated with GSD (P <0.05). Plasma total cholesterol (OR=0.69, 95% CI: 0.64-0.74) was negatively related to GSD (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: With an association analysis, it was determined that A allele of CYP7A gene and X+ allele of APOB gene might be considered as risk genes for GSD. These alleles are related with differences of serum lipids among subjects.Multiple-variable logistic regression model analysis showed that besides BMI, GSD was affected by polygenetic factors.But the mechanism for these two alleles responsible for GSD requires further investigations.展开更多
The Ordovician Majiagou Formation is one of the main gas-producing strata in the Ordos Basin,China.The identification of hydrocarbon-bearing intervals via conventional well logs is a challenging task.This study descri...The Ordovician Majiagou Formation is one of the main gas-producing strata in the Ordos Basin,China.The identification of hydrocarbon-bearing intervals via conventional well logs is a challenging task.This study describes the litholog of Ma 5(Member 5 of Majiagou Formation)dolostones,and then analyzes the responses of various conventional well logs to the presences of natural gas.The lithology of the gas bearing layers is dominantly of the dolomicrite to fine to medium crystalline dolomite.Natural gas can be produced from the low resistivity layers,and the dry layers are characterized by high resistivities.Neutron-density crossovers are not sensitive to the presences of natural gas.In addition,there are no significant increases in sonic transit times in natural gas bearing layers.NMR(nuclear magnetic resonance)logs,DSI(Dipole Sonic Imager)logs and borehole image logs(XRMI)are introduced to discriminate the fluid property in Majiagou dolostone reservoirs.The gas bearing intervals have broad NMR T2(transverse relaxation time)spectrum with tail distributions as well as large T2gm(T2 logarithmic mean values)values,and the T2 spectrum commonly display polymodal behaviors.In contrast,the dry layers and water layers have low T2gm values and very narrow T2 spectrum without tails.The gas bearing layers are characterized by low Vp/Vs ratios,low Poisson’s ratios and low P-wave impedances,therefore the fluid property can be discriminated using DSI logs,and the interpretation results show good matches with the gas test data.The apparent formation water resistivity(AFWR)spectrum can be derived from XRMI image logs by using the Archie’s formula in the flushed zone.The gas bearing layers have broad apparent formation water resistivity spectrum and tail distributions compared with the dry and water layers,and also the interpretation results from the image logs exhibit good agreement with the gas test data.The fluid property in Majiagou dolostone reservoirs can be discriminated through NMR logs,DSI logs and borehole image logs.展开更多
The climate is influenced by westerlies year in year out and the aeolian loess is widespread in the Yili region, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Through the study of the loess section with a thickness of 21.5 m,...The climate is influenced by westerlies year in year out and the aeolian loess is widespread in the Yili region, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Through the study of the loess section with a thickness of 21.5 m, much useful information about climatic change in this region during the last glaciation was gotten. Grain size analysis of loess samples in the section showed that the climatic change in the Yili region was of instability during the last glaciation and similar to those of the North Atlantic Ocean and Greenland. In correspondence with the Heinrich events, the percentage of the size fraction of loess with grain size less than 10 μm decreased in cold stadials in the Yili region. This result suggests that the westerly wind be strengthened during the cold periods. Compared with the stadials, the content of the loess with grain size less than 10 μm was increased in interstadials, which indicated that the strength of the westerly wind was weakened. It is obvious that the climate was instable展开更多
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever(CCHF)caused by the CCHF virus(CCHFV)is a tick-borne natural focal disease with a mortality rate of approximately 50%.CCHFV is widely prevalent in Africa,southern Asia,the Middle East,an...Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever(CCHF)caused by the CCHF virus(CCHFV)is a tick-borne natural focal disease with a mortality rate of approximately 50%.CCHFV is widely prevalent in Africa,southern Asia,the Middle East,and southeast Europe.CCHF outbreaks have been reported previously in Xinjiang province,China,especially in its southern region.Epidemiological surveys conducted on ticks and animals have revealed the presence of CCHFV strains in ticks,rodents,and infected individuals from cities and counties in southern Xinjiang.Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the Chinese CCHFV strains belong to one genotype,based on complete sequences of the S segments of its negative-stranded RNA genome.The present study reports two new CCHFV strains isolated from Hyalomma asiaticum asiaticum ticks collected from Fukang City and Wujiaqu City in the northern region of Xinjiang.Viral characteristics and their evolutionary relationships were analyzed through metagenomic and reverse-transcription PCR analyses;these analyses indicated that the genotype of both strains was different from that of other Chinese strains.Furthermore,previous reports of CCHFV in Xinjiang were reviewed and phylogenetic analyses were performed.CCHFV was found to prevail in Fukang City in Junggar Basin for more than 20 years,and that Fukang City and Wujiaqu City are considered natural reservoirs of different genotypes of CCHFV strains.Our findings facilitate the understanding of CCHFV distribution in Xinjiang province and provide insights into the evolutionary relationships among Chinese CCHFV strains.展开更多
Chinese president Xi Jinping made clear at the National Health and Wellness Conference that health is the prerequisite for people’s all-around development and a precondition for the sustainable development of China. ...Chinese president Xi Jinping made clear at the National Health and Wellness Conference that health is the prerequisite for people’s all-around development and a precondition for the sustainable development of China. Oral health is an indispensable component of overall health in humans. However, the long neglect of oral health in overall health agendas has made oral diseases an increasing concern. With this perspective, we described the global challenges of oral diseases, with an emphasis on the challenges faced by China. We also described and analyzed the recently released health policies of the Chinese government, which aim to guide midterm and long-term oral health promotion in China. More importantly, we called for specific actions to fulfill the larger goal of oral health for the nation. The implementation of primordial prevention efforts against oral diseases, the integration of oral health into the promotion of overall health, and the management of oral diseases in conjunction with other chronic non-communicable diseases with shared risk factors were highly recommended. In addition, we suggested the reform of standard clinical residency training, the development of domestic manufacturing of dental equipment and materials, the revitalization traditional Chinese medicine for the prevention and treatment of oral diseases, and integration of oral health promotion into the Belt and Road Initiative. We look forward to seeing a joint effort from all aspects of the society to fulfill the goal of Healthy China 2030 and ensure the oral health of the nation.展开更多
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus(CCHFV) is a highly pathogenic tick-borne virus with a fatality rate of up to 50% in humans. CCHFV is widely distributed in countries around the world.Outbreaks of CCHFV infection ...Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus(CCHFV) is a highly pathogenic tick-borne virus with a fatality rate of up to 50% in humans. CCHFV is widely distributed in countries around the world.Outbreaks of CCHFV infection in humans have occurred in prior years in Xinjiang Province, China.Epidemiological surveys have detected CCHFV RNA in ticks and animals; however, few isolates were identified. In this study, we identified and isolated a new CCHFV strain from Hyalomma asiaticum asiaticum ticks collected from north of Tarim Basin in Xinjiang, China. A preliminary investigation of infection and antigens expression of CCHFV was performed in newborn mice. The target tissues for CCHFV replication in newborn mice were identified. The analysis of the phylogenetic relationships with other Chinese strains suggested that diverse genotypes of CCHFV have circulated in Xinjiang for years. These findings provide important insights into our understanding of CCHFV infection and evolution as well as disease prevention and control for local residents.展开更多
Dear Editor,As one of the most abundant modifications on mRNA in mammal,A^6-methyladenosine(m6A)has been demonstrated to play important roles in various biological processes including nuclear RNA export,mRNA splicing,...Dear Editor,As one of the most abundant modifications on mRNA in mammal,A^6-methyladenosine(m6A)has been demonstrated to play important roles in various biological processes including nuclear RNA export,mRNA splicing,miRNA processing,mRNA degradation and translation(Shi et al.,2019).Importantly,different m6A reader proteins have been shown to play central roles in these processes.展开更多
Osteoinductivity of porous calcium phosphate(CaP)ceramics has been widely investigated and confirmed,and it might be attributed to the rapid formation of the vascular networks after in vivo implantation of the ceramic...Osteoinductivity of porous calcium phosphate(CaP)ceramics has been widely investigated and confirmed,and it might be attributed to the rapid formation of the vascular networks after in vivo implantation of the ceramics.In this study,to explore the vascularization mechanism within the CaP ceramics,the migration and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)under the stimulation of porous biphasic calcium phosphate(BCP)ceramic with excellent osteoinductivity were systematically investigated.The results indicated that the directional migration of BMSCs toward BCP ceramic occurred when evaluated by using a transwell model,and the BMSCs migration was enhanced by the seeded macrophages on the ceramic in advance.Besides,by directly culturing BMSCs on BCP ceramic discs under both in vitro and in vivo physiological environment,it was found that the differentiation of BMSCs toward vascular endothelial cells(VECs)happened under the stimulation of BCP ceramic,as was confirmed by the up-regulated gene expressions and protein secretions of VECs-related characteristic factors,including kinase insert domain receptor,von willebrand factor,vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and cadherin 5 in the BMSCs.This study offered a possibility for explaining the origin of VECs during the rapid vascularization process after in vivo implantation of porous CaP ceramics and could give some useful guidance to reveal the vascularization mechanism of the ceramics.展开更多
The Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus(CCHFV),a member of the genus Orthonairovirus and family Nairoviridae,is transmitted by ticks and causes severe hemorrhagic disease in humans.To study the epidemiology of CCHFV...The Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus(CCHFV),a member of the genus Orthonairovirus and family Nairoviridae,is transmitted by ticks and causes severe hemorrhagic disease in humans.To study the epidemiology of CCHFV in different ecosystems in Xinjiang,China,a total of 58,932 ticks were collected from Tarim Basin,Junggar Basin,Tianshan Mountain,and Altai Mountain from 2014 to 2017.Hyalomma asiaticum asiaticum was the dominant tick species in Tarim and Junggar basins,whereas Dermacentor nuttalli and Hyalomma detritum were found in Tianshan Mountain and Altai Mountain,respectively.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction of the CCHFV small(S)genome segment was used for the molecular detection.The CCHFV-positive percentage was 5.26%,6.85%,1.94%,and 5.56% in Tarim Basin,Junggar Basin,Tianshan Mountain,and Altai Mountain,respectively.Sequences of the S segment were used for phylogenetic analysis and the results showed that the newly identified CCHFV strains belonged to two clades.Our study confirms that H.asiaticum asiaticum is the major vector of CCHFV in desert habitats which is consistent with previous studies,and also suggests that H.detritum and D.nuttalli are emerging vectors for CCHFV in Xinjiang.Moreover,this study reports the presence of CCHFV in the mountain habitat of Xinjiang for the first time,suggesting that future surveillance of CCHFV should also include mountainous areas.展开更多
The bone regenerative scaffold with the tailored degradation rate matching with the growth rate of the new bone is essential for adolescent bone repair.To satisfy these requirement,we proposed bone tissue scaffolds wi...The bone regenerative scaffold with the tailored degradation rate matching with the growth rate of the new bone is essential for adolescent bone repair.To satisfy these requirement,we proposed bone tissue scaffolds with controlled degradation rate using osteoinductive materials(Ca-P bioceramics),which is expected to present a controllable biodegradation rate for patients who need bone regeneration.Physicochemical properties,porosity,compressive strength and degradation properties of the scaffolds were studied.3D printed Ca-P scaffold(3DS),gas foaming Ca-P scaffold(FS)and autogenous bone(AB)were used in vivo for personalized beagle skull defect repair.Histological results indicated that the 3DS was highly vascularized and well combined with surrounding tissues.FS showed obvious newly formed bone tissues.AB showed the best repair effect,but it was found that AB scaffolds were partially absorbed and degraded.This study indicated that the 3D printed Ca-P bioceramics with tailored biodegradation rate is a promising candidate for personalized skull bone tissue reconstruction.展开更多
A novel space-borne antenna nulling method is presented on rejecting strong multi-interference from the ground and air. Immune Genetic Algorithm for searching for the multi-extremum of maximum likelihood function has ...A novel space-borne antenna nulling method is presented on rejecting strong multi-interference from the ground and air. Immune Genetic Algorithm for searching for the multi-extremum of maximum likelihood function has been developed, which is based on injecting vaccine pick-up adaptively. GA has the capability of the whole searching and is not limited by the selection of initial parameter. And the Immune algorithm possesses the advantage of availing oneself of characteristic information. The proposed method, combining GA with the Immune algorithm, can converge at the global optimum quickly and offer high resolution null point. Simulation examples, based on the spot survey data, are shown to illustrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed algorithm.展开更多
Matrix porosity calculations of fractured and vuggy reservoirs, such as volcanics and weathered dolomite, are one of the problems urgently needed to solve in well-log evaluation. In this paper, we first compare the an...Matrix porosity calculations of fractured and vuggy reservoirs, such as volcanics and weathered dolomite, are one of the problems urgently needed to solve in well-log evaluation. In this paper, we first compare the an empirical formula for porosity calculation from full diameter rhyolite core experiments with the matrix porosity formulas commonly used. We discuss the applicability of the empirical formula in fractured and vuggy reservoirs, such as intermediate-basic volcanics and weathered dolomite. Based on core analysis data, the error distribution of the calculated porosity of our empirical formula and the other porosity formulas in these reservoirs are given. The statistical error analysis indicates that the our empirical formula provides a higher precision than the other porosity formulas. When the porosity is between 1.5% and 15%, the acoustic experiment formula can be used not only for acidic volcanics but also in other fractured and vuggy reservoirs, such as intermediate-basic volcanics and weathered dolomite. Moreover, the formula can reduce the effects of borehole enlargement and rock alteration on porosity computation.展开更多
We report a fast in situ seeding approach based on zinc（II） porphyrin （ZnP） under white light irradiation, leading to uniform spherical platinum nanodendrites with tunable sizes. The platinum nanodendrites exhibit...We report a fast in situ seeding approach based on zinc（II） porphyrin （ZnP） under white light irradiation, leading to uniform spherical platinum nanodendrites with tunable sizes. The platinum nanodendrites exhibit significantly improved electrocatalytic activities toward oxygen reduction reaction （ORR） and methanol oxidation reaction （MOR） compared with commercial platinum black.展开更多
Multiple regulatory mechanisms control osteoblast differentiation and function to ensure unperturbed skeletal formation and remodeling. In this study we identify histone lysine-specific demethylase 1(LSD1/KDM1 A) as a...Multiple regulatory mechanisms control osteoblast differentiation and function to ensure unperturbed skeletal formation and remodeling. In this study we identify histone lysine-specific demethylase 1(LSD1/KDM1 A) as a key epigenetic regulator of osteoblast differentiation. Knockdown of LSD1 promoted osteoblast differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells(hMSCs)in vitro and mice lacking LSD1 in mesenchymal cells displayed increased bone mass secondary to accelerated osteoblast differentiation. Mechanistic in vitro studies revealed that LSD1 epigenetically regulates the expression of WNT7 B and BMP2. LSD1 deficiency resulted in increased BMP2 and WNT7 B expression in osteoblasts and enhanced bone formation, while downregulation of WNT7 B-and BMP2-related signaling using genetic mouse model or small-molecule inhibitors attenuated bone phenotype in vivo. Furthermore, the LSD1 inhibitor tranylcypromine(TCP) could increase bone mass in mice. These data identify LSD1 as a novel regulator of osteoblast activity and suggest LSD1 inhibition as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of osteoporosis.展开更多
Repair and reconstruction of large bone defect were often difficult,and bone substitute materials,including autogenous bone,allogenic bone and artificial bone,were common treatment strategies.The key to elucidate the ...Repair and reconstruction of large bone defect were often difficult,and bone substitute materials,including autogenous bone,allogenic bone and artificial bone,were common treatment strategies.The key to elucidate the clinical effect of these bone repair materials was to study their osteogenic capacity and immunotoxicological compatibility.In this paper,the mechanical properties,micro-CT imaging analysis,digital image analysis and histological slice analysis of the three bone grafts were investigated and compared after different time points of implantation in rat femur defect model.Autogenous bone and biphasic calcium phosphate particular artificial bone containing 61.4% HA and 38.6%β-tricalcium phosphate with 61.64%porosity and 0.8617±0.0068 g/cm^(3) den-sity(d≤2 mm)had similar and strong bone repair ability,but autogenous bone implant materials caused greater secondary damage to experimental animals;allogenic bone exhibited poor bone defect repair ability.At the early stage of implantation,the immunological indexes such as Immunoglobulin G,Immunoglobulin M concentration and CD4 cells'population of allogenic bone significantly increased in compared with those of autologous bone and artificial bone.Although the repair process of artificial bone was relatively inefficient than autologous bone graft,the low immunotoxicological indexes and acceptable therapeutic effects endowed it as an excellent alter-native material to solve the problems with insufficient source and secondary trauma of autogenous bone.展开更多
基金Supported by the Science Development Foundation of Shanghai,No. 95411902
文摘AIM: To study the interactive relationship of gallbladder motor function, plasma cholecystokinin (CCK) and cholecystokinin A receptor (CCK-R) of gallbladder in patients with cholesterol stone disease.METHODS: Gallbladder motility was studied by ultrasonography in 33 patients with gallbladder stone and 10 health subjects as controls. Plasma CCK concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay in fasting status (CCK-f) and in 30 min after lipid test meal (CCK-30).Radioligand method was employed to analyze the amount and activity of CCK-R from 33 gallstone patients having cholecystectomy and 8 persons without gallstone died of severe trauma as controls.RESULTS: The percentage of cholesterol in the gallstone composition was more than 70%. The cholesterol stone type was indicated for the patients with gallbladder stone in this study. Based on the criterion of gallbladder residual fraction of the control group, 33 gallstone patients were divided into two subgroups, contractor group (14 cases)and non-contractor group (19 cases), The concentration of CCK-30 was significantly higher in non-contractor group than that in both contractor group and control group (55.86±3.86 pmol/l vs 37.85±0.88 pmol/l and 37.95±0.74 pmol/L, P＜0.01), but there was no difference between contractor group and control group. Meanwhile no significant difference of the concentration of CCK-f could be observed among three groups. The amount of CCK-R was lower in non-contractor group than those in both control group and contractor group (10.27±0.94 fmol/mg vs24.59±2.39 fmol/mg and 22.66±0.55 fmol/mg, P＜0.01).The activity of CCK-R shown as KD in non-contractor group decreased compared to that in control group and contractor group. Only was the activity of CCK-R lower in contractor group than that in control group. The ejection fraction correlated closely with the amount of CCK-R (r = 0.9683,P＜0.01), and the concentration of CCK-30 correlated negatively with the amount of CCK-R closely (r = -0.9627,P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: The distinctive interac
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFB0310100)the National Basic Research Program of China(2015CB655105)the National Outstanding Youth Science Foundation Program(51225801).
文摘The complex compositions and large shrinkage of concrete,as well as the strong constraints of the structures,often lead to prominent shrinkage cracking problems in modem concrete structures.This paper first introduces a multi-field(hydro-thermo-hygro-constraint)coupling model with the hydration degree of cementitious materials as the basic state parameter to estimate the shrinkage cracking risk of hardening concrete under coupling effects.Second,three new key technologies are illustrated:temperature rise inhibition,full-stage shrinkage compensation,and shrinkage reduction technologies.These technologies can efficiently reduce the thermal,autogenous,and drying shrinkages of concrete.There after,a design process based on the theoretical model and key technologies is proposed to control thecracking risk index below the threshold value.Finally,two engineering application examples are provided that demonstrate that concrete shrinkage cracking can be significantly mitigated by adopting the proposed methods and technologies.
文摘Dear Editor, DNA methylation, which often occurs at the 5-carbon position of cytosine （5mC） located in CpG dinucleotide, is a key epigenetic hallmark and serves as a major epigenetic mechanism for establishing X-inactivation, parental imprinting and silencing retrotransposable elements during early embryogenesis in mammals. Accumulative evidence also suggests that DNA methylation plays key roles in transcriptional regulation [1].
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2017YFB0103100)the Science and Technology Special Project of Anhui Province(Grant No.18030901063)
文摘State of charge(SOC) is a key parameter of lithium-ion battery. In this paper, a finite difference extended Kalman filter(FDEKF)with Hybrid Pulse Power Characterization(HPPC) parameters identification is proposed to estimate the SOC. The finite difference(FD) algorithm is benefit to compute the partial derivative of nonlinear function, which can reduce the linearization error generated by the extended Kalman filter(EKF). The FDEKF algorithm can reduce the computational load of controller in engineering practice without solving the Jacobian matrix. It is simple of dynamic model of lithium-ion battery to adopt a secondorder resistor-capacitor(2 RC) network, the parameters of which are identified by the HPPC. Two conditions, both constant current discharge(CCD) and urban dynamometer driving schedule(UDDS), are utilized to validate the FDEKF algorithm.Comparing convergence rate and accuracy between the FDEKF and the EKF algorithm, it can be seen that the former is a better candidate to estimate the SOC.
基金Supported by a grant from Shanghai Science and Technology Committee in China,No.954119027
文摘AIM: To investigate the relationship between gallbladder stone disease (GSD) and single nucleotide polymorphisms of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A) gene promoter,apolipoprotein (APO) B gene exon 26, APOEgene exon 4 or microsatellite polymorphism of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene exon 18.METHODS: Genotypes of CYP7A, APOB, APOE and LDLR genes were determined in 105 patients with GSD diagnosed by B-mode ultrasonography and 274 control subjects.Serum lipids were analyzed with HITACHI 7060 automaic biochemical analyzer.RESULTS: Body mass index (BMI) was significantly higher in patients with GSD (24.47±3.09) than in controls (23.50±2.16).Plasma total cholesterol was lower in patients with GSD (4.66±0.92 mmol/L) than in controls (4.91±0.96 mmol/L),P<0.01 after adjusted for age, sex and BMI. The significantly higher frequency of A allele of CYP7A gene polymorphism and X+ allele of APOBgene polymorphism was seen in GSD patients. Percentages of A allele in patients and controls were 62.86% and 54.38% (P <0.05) and those of X+ allele 8.57% and 4.01% (P<0.01). Subjects with A allele had significantly lower plasma total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol than subjects with CC homozygote. In a multiple variable logistic regression model, the BMI (OR=1.13, 95% CI: 1.05-1.22), A allele (OR=1.48, 95% CI: 1.05-2.09) and X+ allele (OR=2.28, 95% CI: 1.14-4.59) were positively associated with GSD (P <0.05). Plasma total cholesterol (OR=0.69, 95% CI: 0.64-0.74) was negatively related to GSD (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: With an association analysis, it was determined that A allele of CYP7A gene and X+ allele of APOB gene might be considered as risk genes for GSD. These alleles are related with differences of serum lipids among subjects.Multiple-variable logistic regression model analysis showed that besides BMI, GSD was affected by polygenetic factors.But the mechanism for these two alleles responsible for GSD requires further investigations.
基金This work is financially supported by the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum, Beijing (Grant No. 2462017YJRC023)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and the Opening Fund of Key Laboratory of Deep Oil & Gas (Grant No. 20CX02116A)
文摘The Ordovician Majiagou Formation is one of the main gas-producing strata in the Ordos Basin,China.The identification of hydrocarbon-bearing intervals via conventional well logs is a challenging task.This study describes the litholog of Ma 5(Member 5 of Majiagou Formation)dolostones,and then analyzes the responses of various conventional well logs to the presences of natural gas.The lithology of the gas bearing layers is dominantly of the dolomicrite to fine to medium crystalline dolomite.Natural gas can be produced from the low resistivity layers,and the dry layers are characterized by high resistivities.Neutron-density crossovers are not sensitive to the presences of natural gas.In addition,there are no significant increases in sonic transit times in natural gas bearing layers.NMR(nuclear magnetic resonance)logs,DSI(Dipole Sonic Imager)logs and borehole image logs(XRMI)are introduced to discriminate the fluid property in Majiagou dolostone reservoirs.The gas bearing intervals have broad NMR T2(transverse relaxation time)spectrum with tail distributions as well as large T2gm(T2 logarithmic mean values)values,and the T2 spectrum commonly display polymodal behaviors.In contrast,the dry layers and water layers have low T2gm values and very narrow T2 spectrum without tails.The gas bearing layers are characterized by low Vp/Vs ratios,low Poisson’s ratios and low P-wave impedances,therefore the fluid property can be discriminated using DSI logs,and the interpretation results show good matches with the gas test data.The apparent formation water resistivity(AFWR)spectrum can be derived from XRMI image logs by using the Archie’s formula in the flushed zone.The gas bearing layers have broad apparent formation water resistivity spectrum and tail distributions compared with the dry and water layers,and also the interpretation results from the image logs exhibit good agreement with the gas test data.The fluid property in Majiagou dolostone reservoirs can be discriminated through NMR logs,DSI logs and borehole image logs.
文摘The climate is influenced by westerlies year in year out and the aeolian loess is widespread in the Yili region, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Through the study of the loess section with a thickness of 21.5 m, much useful information about climatic change in this region during the last glaciation was gotten. Grain size analysis of loess samples in the section showed that the climatic change in the Yili region was of instability during the last glaciation and similar to those of the North Atlantic Ocean and Greenland. In correspondence with the Heinrich events, the percentage of the size fraction of loess with grain size less than 10 μm decreased in cold stadials in the Yili region. This result suggests that the westerly wind be strengthened during the cold periods. Compared with the stadials, the content of the loess with grain size less than 10 μm was increased in interstadials, which indicated that the strength of the westerly wind was weakened. It is obvious that the climate was instable
基金supported by the Science and Technology Basic Work Program (2013FY113500)the National Key Research and Development Program (2016YFE0113500) from the Ministry of Science and Technology of Chinathe European Union’s Horizon 2020 EVAg project (No 653316)
文摘Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever(CCHF)caused by the CCHF virus(CCHFV)is a tick-borne natural focal disease with a mortality rate of approximately 50%.CCHFV is widely prevalent in Africa,southern Asia,the Middle East,and southeast Europe.CCHF outbreaks have been reported previously in Xinjiang province,China,especially in its southern region.Epidemiological surveys conducted on ticks and animals have revealed the presence of CCHFV strains in ticks,rodents,and infected individuals from cities and counties in southern Xinjiang.Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the Chinese CCHFV strains belong to one genotype,based on complete sequences of the S segments of its negative-stranded RNA genome.The present study reports two new CCHFV strains isolated from Hyalomma asiaticum asiaticum ticks collected from Fukang City and Wujiaqu City in the northern region of Xinjiang.Viral characteristics and their evolutionary relationships were analyzed through metagenomic and reverse-transcription PCR analyses;these analyses indicated that the genotype of both strains was different from that of other Chinese strains.Furthermore,previous reports of CCHFV in Xinjiang were reviewed and phylogenetic analyses were performed.CCHFV was found to prevail in Fukang City in Junggar Basin for more than 20 years,and that Fukang City and Wujiaqu City are considered natural reservoirs of different genotypes of CCHFV strains.Our findings facilitate the understanding of CCHFV distribution in Xinjiang province and provide insights into the evolutionary relationships among Chinese CCHFV strains.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81771099 to XX, 81670978 to XZ)a Health Promotion Foundation grant from Chengdu City Government (2014-HM02-00041-SF)
文摘Chinese president Xi Jinping made clear at the National Health and Wellness Conference that health is the prerequisite for people’s all-around development and a precondition for the sustainable development of China. Oral health is an indispensable component of overall health in humans. However, the long neglect of oral health in overall health agendas has made oral diseases an increasing concern. With this perspective, we described the global challenges of oral diseases, with an emphasis on the challenges faced by China. We also described and analyzed the recently released health policies of the Chinese government, which aim to guide midterm and long-term oral health promotion in China. More importantly, we called for specific actions to fulfill the larger goal of oral health for the nation. The implementation of primordial prevention efforts against oral diseases, the integration of oral health into the promotion of overall health, and the management of oral diseases in conjunction with other chronic non-communicable diseases with shared risk factors were highly recommended. In addition, we suggested the reform of standard clinical residency training, the development of domestic manufacturing of dental equipment and materials, the revitalization traditional Chinese medicine for the prevention and treatment of oral diseases, and integration of oral health promotion into the Belt and Road Initiative. We look forward to seeing a joint effort from all aspects of the society to fulfill the goal of Healthy China 2030 and ensure the oral health of the nation.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Basic Work Program (2013FY113500) from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China
文摘Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus(CCHFV) is a highly pathogenic tick-borne virus with a fatality rate of up to 50% in humans. CCHFV is widely distributed in countries around the world.Outbreaks of CCHFV infection in humans have occurred in prior years in Xinjiang Province, China.Epidemiological surveys have detected CCHFV RNA in ticks and animals; however, few isolates were identified. In this study, we identified and isolated a new CCHFV strain from Hyalomma asiaticum asiaticum ticks collected from north of Tarim Basin in Xinjiang, China. A preliminary investigation of infection and antigens expression of CCHFV was performed in newborn mice. The target tissues for CCHFV replication in newborn mice were identified. The analysis of the phylogenetic relationships with other Chinese strains suggested that diverse genotypes of CCHFV have circulated in Xinjiang for years. These findings provide important insights into our understanding of CCHFV infection and evolution as well as disease prevention and control for local residents.
文摘Dear Editor,As one of the most abundant modifications on mRNA in mammal,A^6-methyladenosine(m6A)has been demonstrated to play important roles in various biological processes including nuclear RNA export,mRNA splicing,miRNA processing,mRNA degradation and translation(Shi et al.,2019).Importantly,different m6A reader proteins have been shown to play central roles in these processes.
基金This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31370973,31400819)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC1102000,2016YFC1102003)the“111”Project of China(B16033).
文摘Osteoinductivity of porous calcium phosphate(CaP)ceramics has been widely investigated and confirmed,and it might be attributed to the rapid formation of the vascular networks after in vivo implantation of the ceramics.In this study,to explore the vascularization mechanism within the CaP ceramics,the migration and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)under the stimulation of porous biphasic calcium phosphate(BCP)ceramic with excellent osteoinductivity were systematically investigated.The results indicated that the directional migration of BMSCs toward BCP ceramic occurred when evaluated by using a transwell model,and the BMSCs migration was enhanced by the seeded macrophages on the ceramic in advance.Besides,by directly culturing BMSCs on BCP ceramic discs under both in vitro and in vivo physiological environment,it was found that the differentiation of BMSCs toward vascular endothelial cells(VECs)happened under the stimulation of BCP ceramic,as was confirmed by the up-regulated gene expressions and protein secretions of VECs-related characteristic factors,including kinase insert domain receptor,von willebrand factor,vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and cadherin 5 in the BMSCs.This study offered a possibility for explaining the origin of VECs during the rapid vascularization process after in vivo implantation of porous CaP ceramics and could give some useful guidance to reveal the vascularization mechanism of the ceramics.
基金the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2013FY113500)the grants from the National Science Foundation of China (Nos.81460303,81760365)the State Key Laboratory of Virology of China (No.2015IOV003)
文摘The Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus(CCHFV),a member of the genus Orthonairovirus and family Nairoviridae,is transmitted by ticks and causes severe hemorrhagic disease in humans.To study the epidemiology of CCHFV in different ecosystems in Xinjiang,China,a total of 58,932 ticks were collected from Tarim Basin,Junggar Basin,Tianshan Mountain,and Altai Mountain from 2014 to 2017.Hyalomma asiaticum asiaticum was the dominant tick species in Tarim and Junggar basins,whereas Dermacentor nuttalli and Hyalomma detritum were found in Tianshan Mountain and Altai Mountain,respectively.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction of the CCHFV small(S)genome segment was used for the molecular detection.The CCHFV-positive percentage was 5.26%,6.85%,1.94%,and 5.56% in Tarim Basin,Junggar Basin,Tianshan Mountain,and Altai Mountain,respectively.Sequences of the S segment were used for phylogenetic analysis and the results showed that the newly identified CCHFV strains belonged to two clades.Our study confirms that H.asiaticum asiaticum is the major vector of CCHFV in desert habitats which is consistent with previous studies,and also suggests that H.detritum and D.nuttalli are emerging vectors for CCHFV in Xinjiang.Moreover,this study reports the presence of CCHFV in the mountain habitat of Xinjiang for the first time,suggesting that future surveillance of CCHFV should also include mountainous areas.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.18YFB1105600,2018YFC1106800)National Natural Science Foundation of China(51875518)+1 种基金Sichuan Province Science&Technology Department Projects(2016CZYD0004,2017SZ0001,2018GZ0142,2019YFH0079)Research Foundation for Young Teachers of Sichuan University(2018SCUH0017)and The“111”Project(No.B16033).
文摘The bone regenerative scaffold with the tailored degradation rate matching with the growth rate of the new bone is essential for adolescent bone repair.To satisfy these requirement,we proposed bone tissue scaffolds with controlled degradation rate using osteoinductive materials(Ca-P bioceramics),which is expected to present a controllable biodegradation rate for patients who need bone regeneration.Physicochemical properties,porosity,compressive strength and degradation properties of the scaffolds were studied.3D printed Ca-P scaffold(3DS),gas foaming Ca-P scaffold(FS)and autogenous bone(AB)were used in vivo for personalized beagle skull defect repair.Histological results indicated that the 3DS was highly vascularized and well combined with surrounding tissues.FS showed obvious newly formed bone tissues.AB showed the best repair effect,but it was found that AB scaffolds were partially absorbed and degraded.This study indicated that the 3D printed Ca-P bioceramics with tailored biodegradation rate is a promising candidate for personalized skull bone tissue reconstruction.
文摘A novel space-borne antenna nulling method is presented on rejecting strong multi-interference from the ground and air. Immune Genetic Algorithm for searching for the multi-extremum of maximum likelihood function has been developed, which is based on injecting vaccine pick-up adaptively. GA has the capability of the whole searching and is not limited by the selection of initial parameter. And the Immune algorithm possesses the advantage of availing oneself of characteristic information. The proposed method, combining GA with the Immune algorithm, can converge at the global optimum quickly and offer high resolution null point. Simulation examples, based on the spot survey data, are shown to illustrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed algorithm.
基金sponsored by the Science Research and Technology Development Project of Petrochina Company Limited "Well Logging Interpretation and Integrative Evaluation of the Complex Lithology"(Grant No.2008A-2705)
文摘Matrix porosity calculations of fractured and vuggy reservoirs, such as volcanics and weathered dolomite, are one of the problems urgently needed to solve in well-log evaluation. In this paper, we first compare the an empirical formula for porosity calculation from full diameter rhyolite core experiments with the matrix porosity formulas commonly used. We discuss the applicability of the empirical formula in fractured and vuggy reservoirs, such as intermediate-basic volcanics and weathered dolomite. Based on core analysis data, the error distribution of the calculated porosity of our empirical formula and the other porosity formulas in these reservoirs are given. The statistical error analysis indicates that the our empirical formula provides a higher precision than the other porosity formulas. When the porosity is between 1.5% and 15%, the acoustic experiment formula can be used not only for acidic volcanics but also in other fractured and vuggy reservoirs, such as intermediate-basic volcanics and weathered dolomite. Moreover, the formula can reduce the effects of borehole enlargement and rock alteration on porosity computation.
基金Acknowledgements This work was partially supported by the National Basic Research Program （973 Program） of China （No. 2012CB215500）, the National High-tech R＆D Program（863 Program） of China （No. 2011AA11A273）, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （NSFC, Nos. 21003114 and 21103163）. The authors thank Professor John A. Shelnutt at Georgia University, USA for fruitful discussions.
文摘We report a fast in situ seeding approach based on zinc（II） porphyrin （ZnP） under white light irradiation, leading to uniform spherical platinum nanodendrites with tunable sizes. The platinum nanodendrites exhibit significantly improved electrocatalytic activities toward oxygen reduction reaction （ORR） and methanol oxidation reaction （MOR） compared with commercial platinum black.
基金supported in part by grants from 973 Program from the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) [2014CB964704, 2015CB964503]the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [31371463]the "1000 Young Talents Program of China" and "the National Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars" (NSFC) [81322027]
文摘Multiple regulatory mechanisms control osteoblast differentiation and function to ensure unperturbed skeletal formation and remodeling. In this study we identify histone lysine-specific demethylase 1(LSD1/KDM1 A) as a key epigenetic regulator of osteoblast differentiation. Knockdown of LSD1 promoted osteoblast differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells(hMSCs)in vitro and mice lacking LSD1 in mesenchymal cells displayed increased bone mass secondary to accelerated osteoblast differentiation. Mechanistic in vitro studies revealed that LSD1 epigenetically regulates the expression of WNT7 B and BMP2. LSD1 deficiency resulted in increased BMP2 and WNT7 B expression in osteoblasts and enhanced bone formation, while downregulation of WNT7 B-and BMP2-related signaling using genetic mouse model or small-molecule inhibitors attenuated bone phenotype in vivo. Furthermore, the LSD1 inhibitor tranylcypromine(TCP) could increase bone mass in mice. These data identify LSD1 as a novel regulator of osteoblast activity and suggest LSD1 inhibition as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of osteoporosis.
基金This work was supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC1106800)Sichuan province key research and development project(20ZDYF0191).
文摘Repair and reconstruction of large bone defect were often difficult,and bone substitute materials,including autogenous bone,allogenic bone and artificial bone,were common treatment strategies.The key to elucidate the clinical effect of these bone repair materials was to study their osteogenic capacity and immunotoxicological compatibility.In this paper,the mechanical properties,micro-CT imaging analysis,digital image analysis and histological slice analysis of the three bone grafts were investigated and compared after different time points of implantation in rat femur defect model.Autogenous bone and biphasic calcium phosphate particular artificial bone containing 61.4% HA and 38.6%β-tricalcium phosphate with 61.64%porosity and 0.8617±0.0068 g/cm^(3) den-sity(d≤2 mm)had similar and strong bone repair ability,but autogenous bone implant materials caused greater secondary damage to experimental animals;allogenic bone exhibited poor bone defect repair ability.At the early stage of implantation,the immunological indexes such as Immunoglobulin G,Immunoglobulin M concentration and CD4 cells'population of allogenic bone significantly increased in compared with those of autologous bone and artificial bone.Although the repair process of artificial bone was relatively inefficient than autologous bone graft,the low immunotoxicological indexes and acceptable therapeutic effects endowed it as an excellent alter-native material to solve the problems with insufficient source and secondary trauma of autogenous bone.
