GH4169 alloy has been widely used in fields such as aviation, aerospace, and petrochemical, because of its excellent combination of mechanical and processing properties. These properties include good high-temperature ...GH4169 alloy has been widely used in fields such as aviation, aerospace, and petrochemical, because of its excellent combination of mechanical and processing properties. These properties include good high-temperature strength, excellent creep and fatigue resistance, and good processing and welding performance. The requirement for high performance, high reliability, and long service life of modem engines has led to the incentive to develop GH4169 alloys with improved performance, such as increased temperature-bearing capacity, improved creep endurance, and better fatigue resistance. Advances during the past thirty years in ba- sic research and industrial technology related to GH4169 alloy were systematically summarized, including advances in alloy modi- fication, melting process optimization, and hot deformation technology.展开更多
AIM： To explore the diffusion gradient b-factor that optimizes both apparent diffusion coefficient （ADC） measurement and contrast-to-noise （CNR） for assessing tumor response to transarterial chemoembolization （T...AIM： To explore the diffusion gradient b-factor that optimizes both apparent diffusion coefficient （ADC） measurement and contrast-to-noise （CNR） for assessing tumor response to transarterial chemoembolization （TACE） in a rabbit model. METHODS： Twelve New Zealand white rabbits bearing VX2 tumors in the liver were treated with TACE. Diffusion-weighted imaging （DWI） with various b values was performed using the same protocol before and 3 d after treatment with TACE. ADC values and CNR of each tumor pre- and post-treatment with different b factors were analyzed. Correlation between ADC values and extent of necrosis in histological specimens was analyzed by a Pearson＇s correlation test.RESULTS： The quality of diffusion-weighted images diminished as the b value increased. A substantial decrease in the mean lesion-to-liver CNR was observed on both pre- and post-treatment DW images, the largest difference in CNR pre- and post-treatment was manifested at a b value of 1000 s/mm^2 （P = 0.036 ）. The effect of therapy on diffusion early after treatment was shown by a significant increase in ADCs （P = 0.007）, especially with large b factors （≥ 600 s/mm^2）. The mean percentage of necrotic cells present within the tumor was 76.3%-97.5%. A significant positive correlation was found between ADC values and the extent of necrosis with all b values except for b200, a higher relative coefficient between ADC values and percentage of necrosis was found on DWI with bl000 and b2000 （P = 0.002 and 0.006, respectively）. CONCLUSION： An increasing b value of up to 600 s/mm^2 would increase ADC contrast pre- and post-treatment, but decrease image quality. Taking into account both CNR and ADC measurement, diffusion-weighted imaging obtained with a b value of 1000 s/mm^2 is recommended for monitoring early hepatic tumor response to TACE.展开更多
Objective： To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese medicine （CM） decoction Chang＇an I Recipe （肠安 Ⅰ号方） in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea （IBS-D）. Method： A multicenter, ran...Objective： To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese medicine （CM） decoction Chang＇an I Recipe （肠安 Ⅰ号方） in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea （IBS-D）. Method： A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was designed. Based on the order of inclusion, the IBS-D patients were randomly assigned to the treatment group or the placebo control group, administrated with Chang＇an I Recipe or placebo, 150 mL/bag, 3 times daily, for 8 weeks. The primary indices of efficacy included the effective rates of IBS symptom severity score （IBS-SSS） and the differences in adequate relief （AR） responder; the secondary indexes of efficacy included the changes in scores of the IBS Quality of Life （IBS-QOL） and Hospital Anxiety and Depression （HAD） scales. The safety indices included adverse events and related laboratory tests. Results： A total of 216 patients were included, with 109 in the treatment group and 107 in the control group, and finally 206 were included in the full analysis set （FAS）, 191 were included in the per protocol set （PPS）. In FAS, the total effective rate was 67.6% and 40.2% for the treatment and control groups, respectively, with 95% confidence interval （CI） for difference in the effective rates between the two groups of 14.4%-40.2%; while in PPS, the total effective rate was 71.3% and 41.2% for the treatment and control groups, respectively （95% CI 16.6%-43.4%）. The consistent conclusions of FAS and PPS showed a better efficacy in the treatment group. Both FAS and PPS showed higher AR responder in the treatment group （FAS： 59.6% vs. 35.5%; PPS： 62.8% vs. 38.1%）. As for IBS-QOL, the total score and scores in various dimensions of IBS-QOL were not significantly different between the two groups （P〉0.05）. Both anxiety and depression scales of HAD were not significantly different between the two groups （P〉0.05）. No adverse events or laboratory abnormalities were found to be obviou展开更多
Background Deep venous thrombosis （DVT） can result in pulmonary embolism, a fatal complication that is due to the dislodgement and movement of a blood clot （thrombus） from a limb into the lungs. Genetic risk facto...Background Deep venous thrombosis （DVT） can result in pulmonary embolism, a fatal complication that is due to the dislodgement and movement of a blood clot （thrombus） from a limb into the lungs. Genetic risk factors related to DVT development include mutations in coagulation proteins, especially the endothelial protein C receptor （EPCR）, a component of the anticoagulation protein C （PC） pathway. The objective of the present study was to analyze the relationship between the 6936A/G polymorphism in the EPCR gene and the occurrence of DVT. Methods This study involved 65 patients with DVT and 71 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Peripheral blood samples were collected from all subjects. Plasma levels of soluble EPCR （sEPCR） were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Genomic DNA was extracted and EPCR gene product was amplified by a standard PCR reaction. Gene product bands were sequenced to identify EPCR gene polymorphisms. Results In the control group, the level of sEPCR in subjects with 6936AG genotype was significantly higher than that in subjects with 6936AA genotype （（0.97_＋0.32） pg/ml vs. （0.61_＋0.24） pg/ml, P 〈0.01）. Similarly in the DVT group, the level of sEPCR in subjects with the 6936AG were greater than that in subjects with the 6936AA genotype （（0.87_-K）.21） pg/ml vs. （0.50-＋0.18） pg/ml, P 〈0.01）. The sEPCR level in DVT patients was significantly higher than that in healthy controls （（0.68_--K）.32） pg/ml vs. （0.54_--K）.22） pg/ml, P 〈0.05）. The 6936AG genotype frequency in DVT patients was significantly higher than that in healthy controls （P 〈0.05）. In contrast, the 6936AA genotype frequency in DVT patients was lower than that in healthy controls （P 〈0.05）. Subjects carrying 6936AG had an increased risk of thrombosis （OR=2.75, 95% CI： 1.04-7.30, P 〈0.05）. Conclusions EPCR gene 6936A/G polymorphism is associated with increased plasma levels of sEPCR. Subjects carrvinq 6936AG likely have an increa展开更多
Graphdiyne(GDY)is emerging as a promising material for various applications owing to its unique structure and fascinating properties.However,the application of GDY in electronics and optoelectronics are still in its i...Graphdiyne(GDY)is emerging as a promising material for various applications owing to its unique structure and fascinating properties.However,the application of GDY in electronics and optoelectronics are still in its infancy,primarily owing to the huge challenge in the synthesis of large-area and uniform GDY film for scalable applications.Here a modified van der Waals epitaxy strategy is proposed to synthesize wafer-scale GDY film with high uniformity and controllable thickness directly on graphene(Gr)surface,providing an ideal platform to construct large-scale GDY/Gr-based optoelectronic synapse array.Essential synaptic behaviors have been realized,and the linear and symmetric conductance-update characteristics facilitate the implementation of neuromorphic computing for image recognition with high accuracy and strong fault tolerance.Logic functions including“NAND”and“NOR”are integrated into the synapse which can be executed in an optical pathway.Moreover,a visible information sensing-memory-processing system is constructed to execute real-time image acquisition,in situ image memorization and distinction tasks,avoiding the time latency and energy consumption caused by data conversion and transmission in conventional visual systems.These results highlight the potential of GDY in applications of neuromorphic computing and artificial visual systems.展开更多
Pancreatic lipase(PL), a crucial enzyme in the digestive system of mammals, has been proven as a therapeutic target to prevent and treat obesity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and characterize the PL inhibi...Pancreatic lipase(PL), a crucial enzyme in the digestive system of mammals, has been proven as a therapeutic target to prevent and treat obesity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and characterize the PL inhibition activities of the major constituents from Fructus Psoraleae(FP), one of the most frequently used Chinese herbs with lipid-lowering activity. To this end, a total of eleven major constituents isolated from Fructus Psoraleae have been obtained and their inhibition potentials against PL have been assayed by a fluorescence-based assay. Among all tested compounds, isobavachalcone, bavachalcone and corylifol A displayed strong inhibition on PL(IC50 < 10 μmol·L-1). Inhibition kinetic analyses demonstrated that isobavachalcone, bavachalcone and corylifol A acted as mixed inhibitors against PL-mediated 4-methylumbelliferyl oleate(4-MUO) hydrolysis, with the Ki values of 1.61, 3.77 and 10.16μmol·L-1, respectively. Furthermore, docking simulations indicated that two chalcones(isobavachalcone and bavachalcone) could interact with the key residues located in the catalytic cavity of PL via hydrogen binding and hydrophobic interactions. Collectively, these finding provided solid evidence to support that Fructus Psoraleae contained bioactive compounds with lipid-lowering effects via targeting PL, and also suggested that the chalcones in Fructus Psoraleae could be used as ideal leading compounds to develop novel PL inhibitors.展开更多
Background:Clinical outcomes of undifferentiated arthritis(UA)are diverse,and only 40%of patients with UA develop rheumatoid arthritis(RA)after 3 years.Discovering predictive markers at disease onset for further inter...Background:Clinical outcomes of undifferentiated arthritis(UA)are diverse,and only 40%of patients with UA develop rheumatoid arthritis(RA)after 3 years.Discovering predictive markers at disease onset for further intervention is critical.Therefore,our objective was to analyze the clinical outcomes of UA and ascertain the predictors for RA development.Methods:We performed a prospective,multi-center study from January 2013 to October 2016 among Chinese patients diagnosed with UA in 22 tertiary-care hospitals.Clinical and serological parameters were obtained at recruitment.Follow-up was undertaken in all patients every 12 weeks for 2 years.Predictive factors of disease progression were identified using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression.Results:A total of 234 patients were recruited in this study,and 17(7.3%)patients failed to follow up during the study.Among the 217 patients who completed the study,83(38.2%)patients went into remission.UA patients who developed RA had a higher rheumatoid factor(RF)-positivity(42.9%vs.16.8%,χ^2=8.228,P=0.008),anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide(CCP)antibodypositivity(66.7%vs.10.7%,χ^2=43.897,P<0.001),and double-positivity rate of RF and anti-CCP antibody(38.1%vs.4.1%,χ^2=32.131,P<0.001)than those who did not.Anti-CCP antibody but not RF was an independent predictor for RA development(hazard ratio 18.017,95%confidence interval:5.803–55.938;P<0.001).Conclusion:As an independent predictor of RA,anti-CCP antibody should be tested at disease onset in all patients with UA.展开更多
文摘GH4169 alloy has been widely used in fields such as aviation, aerospace, and petrochemical, because of its excellent combination of mechanical and processing properties. These properties include good high-temperature strength, excellent creep and fatigue resistance, and good processing and welding performance. The requirement for high performance, high reliability, and long service life of modem engines has led to the incentive to develop GH4169 alloys with improved performance, such as increased temperature-bearing capacity, improved creep endurance, and better fatigue resistance. Advances during the past thirty years in ba- sic research and industrial technology related to GH4169 alloy were systematically summarized, including advances in alloy modi- fication, melting process optimization, and hot deformation technology.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China, NO. 30470503The Key Program of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission, NO. 04JC14074The Foundation of Shanghai Educational commission, NO. 03J405037
文摘AIM： To explore the diffusion gradient b-factor that optimizes both apparent diffusion coefficient （ADC） measurement and contrast-to-noise （CNR） for assessing tumor response to transarterial chemoembolization （TACE） in a rabbit model. METHODS： Twelve New Zealand white rabbits bearing VX2 tumors in the liver were treated with TACE. Diffusion-weighted imaging （DWI） with various b values was performed using the same protocol before and 3 d after treatment with TACE. ADC values and CNR of each tumor pre- and post-treatment with different b factors were analyzed. Correlation between ADC values and extent of necrosis in histological specimens was analyzed by a Pearson＇s correlation test.RESULTS： The quality of diffusion-weighted images diminished as the b value increased. A substantial decrease in the mean lesion-to-liver CNR was observed on both pre- and post-treatment DW images, the largest difference in CNR pre- and post-treatment was manifested at a b value of 1000 s/mm^2 （P = 0.036 ）. The effect of therapy on diffusion early after treatment was shown by a significant increase in ADCs （P = 0.007）, especially with large b factors （≥ 600 s/mm^2）. The mean percentage of necrotic cells present within the tumor was 76.3%-97.5%. A significant positive correlation was found between ADC values and the extent of necrosis with all b values except for b200, a higher relative coefficient between ADC values and percentage of necrosis was found on DWI with bl000 and b2000 （P = 0.002 and 0.006, respectively）. CONCLUSION： An increasing b value of up to 600 s/mm^2 would increase ADC contrast pre- and post-treatment, but decrease image quality. Taking into account both CNR and ADC measurement, diffusion-weighted imaging obtained with a b value of 1000 s/mm^2 is recommended for monitoring early hepatic tumor response to TACE.
基金Supported by China International Sciences and Technology Cooperation Program(No.2007DFA30560)
文摘Objective： To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese medicine （CM） decoction Chang＇an I Recipe （肠安 Ⅰ号方） in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea （IBS-D）. Method： A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was designed. Based on the order of inclusion, the IBS-D patients were randomly assigned to the treatment group or the placebo control group, administrated with Chang＇an I Recipe or placebo, 150 mL/bag, 3 times daily, for 8 weeks. The primary indices of efficacy included the effective rates of IBS symptom severity score （IBS-SSS） and the differences in adequate relief （AR） responder; the secondary indexes of efficacy included the changes in scores of the IBS Quality of Life （IBS-QOL） and Hospital Anxiety and Depression （HAD） scales. The safety indices included adverse events and related laboratory tests. Results： A total of 216 patients were included, with 109 in the treatment group and 107 in the control group, and finally 206 were included in the full analysis set （FAS）, 191 were included in the per protocol set （PPS）. In FAS, the total effective rate was 67.6% and 40.2% for the treatment and control groups, respectively, with 95% confidence interval （CI） for difference in the effective rates between the two groups of 14.4%-40.2%; while in PPS, the total effective rate was 71.3% and 41.2% for the treatment and control groups, respectively （95% CI 16.6%-43.4%）. The consistent conclusions of FAS and PPS showed a better efficacy in the treatment group. Both FAS and PPS showed higher AR responder in the treatment group （FAS： 59.6% vs. 35.5%; PPS： 62.8% vs. 38.1%）. As for IBS-QOL, the total score and scores in various dimensions of IBS-QOL were not significantly different between the two groups （P〉0.05）. Both anxiety and depression scales of HAD were not significantly different between the two groups （P〉0.05）. No adverse events or laboratory abnormalities were found to be obviou
文摘Background Deep venous thrombosis （DVT） can result in pulmonary embolism, a fatal complication that is due to the dislodgement and movement of a blood clot （thrombus） from a limb into the lungs. Genetic risk factors related to DVT development include mutations in coagulation proteins, especially the endothelial protein C receptor （EPCR）, a component of the anticoagulation protein C （PC） pathway. The objective of the present study was to analyze the relationship between the 6936A/G polymorphism in the EPCR gene and the occurrence of DVT. Methods This study involved 65 patients with DVT and 71 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Peripheral blood samples were collected from all subjects. Plasma levels of soluble EPCR （sEPCR） were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Genomic DNA was extracted and EPCR gene product was amplified by a standard PCR reaction. Gene product bands were sequenced to identify EPCR gene polymorphisms. Results In the control group, the level of sEPCR in subjects with 6936AG genotype was significantly higher than that in subjects with 6936AA genotype （（0.97_＋0.32） pg/ml vs. （0.61_＋0.24） pg/ml, P 〈0.01）. Similarly in the DVT group, the level of sEPCR in subjects with the 6936AG were greater than that in subjects with the 6936AA genotype （（0.87_-K）.21） pg/ml vs. （0.50-＋0.18） pg/ml, P 〈0.01）. The sEPCR level in DVT patients was significantly higher than that in healthy controls （（0.68_--K）.32） pg/ml vs. （0.54_--K）.22） pg/ml, P 〈0.05）. The 6936AG genotype frequency in DVT patients was significantly higher than that in healthy controls （P 〈0.05）. In contrast, the 6936AA genotype frequency in DVT patients was lower than that in healthy controls （P 〈0.05）. Subjects carrying 6936AG had an increased risk of thrombosis （OR=2.75, 95% CI： 1.04-7.30, P 〈0.05）. Conclusions EPCR gene 6936A/G polymorphism is associated with increased plasma levels of sEPCR. Subjects carrvinq 6936AG likely have an increa
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21790052 and 51802220)Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City(No.19JCYBJC17300).
文摘Graphdiyne(GDY)is emerging as a promising material for various applications owing to its unique structure and fascinating properties.However,the application of GDY in electronics and optoelectronics are still in its infancy,primarily owing to the huge challenge in the synthesis of large-area and uniform GDY film for scalable applications.Here a modified van der Waals epitaxy strategy is proposed to synthesize wafer-scale GDY film with high uniformity and controllable thickness directly on graphene(Gr)surface,providing an ideal platform to construct large-scale GDY/Gr-based optoelectronic synapse array.Essential synaptic behaviors have been realized,and the linear and symmetric conductance-update characteristics facilitate the implementation of neuromorphic computing for image recognition with high accuracy and strong fault tolerance.Logic functions including“NAND”and“NOR”are integrated into the synapse which can be executed in an optical pathway.Moreover,a visible information sensing-memory-processing system is constructed to execute real-time image acquisition,in situ image memorization and distinction tasks,avoiding the time latency and energy consumption caused by data conversion and transmission in conventional visual systems.These results highlight the potential of GDY in applications of neuromorphic computing and artificial visual systems.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Nos.2017YFC1700200,2017YFC1702000)NSF of China (Nos.81922070, 81973286, 81973393, 81773687)+4 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (No.20180530025)Program of Shanghai Academic/Technology Research Leader (No. 18XD1403600)Shuguang Program (No. 18SG40) supported by Shanghai Education Development Foundation and Shanghai Municipal Education CommissionInnovative Entrepreneurship Program of High-level Talents in Dalian (No. 2017RQ121)Undergraduate Training Program for Innovation and Entrepreneurship from Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (No. 2017101419803010904)。
文摘Pancreatic lipase(PL), a crucial enzyme in the digestive system of mammals, has been proven as a therapeutic target to prevent and treat obesity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and characterize the PL inhibition activities of the major constituents from Fructus Psoraleae(FP), one of the most frequently used Chinese herbs with lipid-lowering activity. To this end, a total of eleven major constituents isolated from Fructus Psoraleae have been obtained and their inhibition potentials against PL have been assayed by a fluorescence-based assay. Among all tested compounds, isobavachalcone, bavachalcone and corylifol A displayed strong inhibition on PL(IC50 < 10 μmol·L-1). Inhibition kinetic analyses demonstrated that isobavachalcone, bavachalcone and corylifol A acted as mixed inhibitors against PL-mediated 4-methylumbelliferyl oleate(4-MUO) hydrolysis, with the Ki values of 1.61, 3.77 and 10.16μmol·L-1, respectively. Furthermore, docking simulations indicated that two chalcones(isobavachalcone and bavachalcone) could interact with the key residues located in the catalytic cavity of PL via hydrogen binding and hydrophobic interactions. Collectively, these finding provided solid evidence to support that Fructus Psoraleae contained bioactive compounds with lipid-lowering effects via targeting PL, and also suggested that the chalcones in Fructus Psoraleae could be used as ideal leading compounds to develop novel PL inhibitors.
基金The study was supported by the grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2008BAI59800 and 2014BAI07B01)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81671609)Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project(No.Z171100000417007).
文摘Background:Clinical outcomes of undifferentiated arthritis(UA)are diverse,and only 40%of patients with UA develop rheumatoid arthritis(RA)after 3 years.Discovering predictive markers at disease onset for further intervention is critical.Therefore,our objective was to analyze the clinical outcomes of UA and ascertain the predictors for RA development.Methods:We performed a prospective,multi-center study from January 2013 to October 2016 among Chinese patients diagnosed with UA in 22 tertiary-care hospitals.Clinical and serological parameters were obtained at recruitment.Follow-up was undertaken in all patients every 12 weeks for 2 years.Predictive factors of disease progression were identified using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression.Results:A total of 234 patients were recruited in this study,and 17(7.3%)patients failed to follow up during the study.Among the 217 patients who completed the study,83(38.2%)patients went into remission.UA patients who developed RA had a higher rheumatoid factor(RF)-positivity(42.9%vs.16.8%,χ^2=8.228,P=0.008),anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide(CCP)antibodypositivity(66.7%vs.10.7%,χ^2=43.897,P<0.001),and double-positivity rate of RF and anti-CCP antibody(38.1%vs.4.1%,χ^2=32.131,P<0.001)than those who did not.Anti-CCP antibody but not RF was an independent predictor for RA development(hazard ratio 18.017,95%confidence interval:5.803–55.938;P<0.001).Conclusion:As an independent predictor of RA,anti-CCP antibody should be tested at disease onset in all patients with UA.
