The insufficient osteogenesis and osseointegration of porous titanium based scaffold limit its further application.Early angiogenesis is important for scaffold survival.It is necessary to develop a multifunctional sur...The insufficient osteogenesis and osseointegration of porous titanium based scaffold limit its further application.Early angiogenesis is important for scaffold survival.It is necessary to develop a multifunctional surface on titanium scaffold with both osteogenic and angiogenic properties.In this study,a biofunctional magnesium coating is deposited on porous Ti6Al4V scaffold.For osseointegration and osteogenesis analysis,in vitro studies reveal that magnesium-coated Ti6Al4V co-culture with MC3T3-E1 cells can improve cell proliferation,adhesion,extracellular matrix(ECM)mineralization and ALP activity compared with bare Ti6Al4V cocultivation.Additionally,MC3T3-E1 cells cultured with magnesium-coated Ti6Al4V show significantly higher osteogenesisrelated genes expression.In vivo studies including fluorochrome labeling,micro-computerized tomography and histological examination of magnesium-coated Ti6Al4V scaffold reveal that new bone regeneration is significantly increased in rabbits after implantation.For angiogenesis studies,magnesium-coated Ti6Al4V improve HUVECs proliferation,adhesion,tube formation,wound-healing and Transwell abilities.HUVECs cultured with magnesium-coated Ti6Al4V display significantly higher angiogenesis-related genes(HIF-1αand VEGF)expression.Microangiography analysis reveal that magnesium-coated Ti6Al4V scaffold can significantly enhance the blood vessel formation.This study enlarges the application scope of magnesium and provides an optional choice to the conventional porous Ti6Al4V scaffold with enhanced osteogenesis and angiogenesis for further orthopedic applications.展开更多
In this study we describe the fabrication of a variety of open-cellular titanium alloy（Ti-6 Al-4 V） implants,both reticular mesh and foam structures, using electron beam melting（EBM）. These structures allow for th...In this study we describe the fabrication of a variety of open-cellular titanium alloy（Ti-6 Al-4 V） implants,both reticular mesh and foam structures, using electron beam melting（EBM）. These structures allow for the elimination of stress shielding by adjusting the porosity（or density） to produce an elastic modulus（or stiffness） to match that of both soft（trabecular） and hard（cortical） bone, as well as allowing for bone cell ingrowth, increased cell density, and all-matrix interactions; the latter involving the interplay between bone morphogenetic protein（BMP-2） and osteoblast functions. The early formation and characterization of elementary vascular structures in an aqueous hydrogel matrix are illustrated.Preliminary results for both animal（sheep） and human trials for a number of EBM-fabricated, and often patient-specific Tialloy implants are also presented and summarized. The results, while preliminary, support the concept and development of successful, porous, engineered ＂living＂ implants.展开更多
The Wide Field Survey Telescope(WFST) is a dedicated photometric surveying facility being built jointly by University of Science and Technology of China(USTC) and the Purple Mountain Observatory(PMO). It is equipped w...The Wide Field Survey Telescope(WFST) is a dedicated photometric surveying facility being built jointly by University of Science and Technology of China(USTC) and the Purple Mountain Observatory(PMO). It is equipped with a 2.5-meter diameter primary mirror, an active optics system, and a mosaic CCD camera with 0.73 gigapixels on the primary focal plane for highquality image capture over a 6.5-square-degree field of view. The installation of WFST near the summit of Saishiteng mountain in the Lenghu region is scheduled in summer of 2023, and the operation is planned to start three months later. WFST will scan the northern sky in four optical bands(u, g, r and i) at cadences from hourly/daily in the deep high-cadence survey(DHS) program, to semi-weekly in the wide field survey(WFS) program. During a photometric night, a nominal 30 s exposure in the WFS program will reach a depth of 22.27, 23.32, 22.84, and 22.31(AB magnitudes) in these four bands, respectively, allowing for the detection of a tremendous amount of transients in the low-z universe and a systematic investigation of the variability of Galactic and extragalactic objects. In the DHS program, intranight 90 s exposures as deep as 23(u) and 24 mag(g), in combination with target of opportunity follow-ups, will provide a unique opportunity to explore energetic transients in demand for high sensitivities, including the electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational wave events, supernovae within a few hours of their explosions,tidal disruption events and fast, luminous optical transients even beyond redshift of unity. In addition, the final 6-year co-added images, anticipated to reach g■25.8 mag in WFS or 1.5 mags deeper in DHS, will be of fundamental importance to general Galactic and extragalactic science. The highly uniform legacy surveys of WFST will serve as an indispensable complement to those of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time(LSST) that monitors the southern sky.展开更多
Screen sensors are the most commonly used human-machine interfaces in our everyday life,which have been extensively applied in personal electronics like cellphones.Touchless screen sensors are attracting growing inter...Screen sensors are the most commonly used human-machine interfaces in our everyday life,which have been extensively applied in personal electronics like cellphones.Touchless screen sensors are attracting growing interest due to their distinct advantages of high interaction freedom,comfortability,and hand hygiene.However,the material compositions of current touchless screen sensors are rigid and fragile,hardly meeting the needs of wearable and stretchable on-skin electronics development.Additionally,these touchless screen sensors are also restricted by high power consumption,limited gesture types of recognition,and the requirement of light conditions.Here,we report a stretchable on-skin touchless screen sensor(OTSS)enabled by an ionic hydrogel-based triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG).Compared with current touchless screen sensors,the OTSS is stretchable,self-powered,and competent to recognize diverse gestures by making use of charges naturally carried on fingers without the need of sufficient light conditions.An on-skin noncontact screen operating system is further demonstrated on the basis of the OTSS,which could unlock a cellphone interface in touchless operation mode on the human skin.This work for the first time introduces the on-skin touchless concept to screen sensors and offers a direction to develop new-generation screen sensors for future cellphones and personal electronics.展开更多
利用可培养组技术,通过设计和优化筛选培养基,结合基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry,MALDI-TOF MS)和16S rDNA基因鉴定技术,大规模筛选鉴定浓香型白酒...利用可培养组技术,通过设计和优化筛选培养基,结合基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry,MALDI-TOF MS)和16S rDNA基因鉴定技术,大规模筛选鉴定浓香型白酒窖池中可培养细菌,重点突破厌氧菌的分离培养。研究结果表明,采用5种特定的厌氧培养基和2种好氧培养基,从浓香型白酒窖池中共分离得到了来自21个属44个种的124株细菌,包括9株潜在细菌新种。其中,厌氧条件分离得到100株,好氧条件分离得到24株;窖泥样品分离得到60株,酒醅样品分离得到64株。芽胞杆菌属(Bacillus sp.)和梭菌属(Clostridium sp.)是窖池样品中分离的优势菌种。根据不同分离筛选条件和分离生境的可培养细菌种类和丰度,确定了6株浓香型白酒窖池特征菌,并解析了特征菌的生物学特性。该研究为浓香型白酒窖池中潜在新种的挖掘,特征性菌种资源的定向筛选、互作机制解析、功能性研究开发及产业化应用奠定了基础。展开更多
Modern scintillator-based radiation detectors require silicon photomultipliers(Si PMs)with photon detection efficiency higher than 40%at 420 nm,possibly extended to the vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)region,single-photon time...Modern scintillator-based radiation detectors require silicon photomultipliers(Si PMs)with photon detection efficiency higher than 40%at 420 nm,possibly extended to the vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)region,single-photon time resolution(SPTR)<100 ps,and dark count rate(DCR)<150 kcps/mm^(2).To enable single-photon time stamping,digital electronics and sensitive microcells need to be integrated in the same CMOS substrate,with a readout frame rate higher than 5 MHz for arrays extending over a total area up to 4 mm×4 mm.This is challenging due to the increasing doping concentrations at low CMOS scales,deep-level carrier generation in shallow trench isolation fabrication,and power consumption,among others.The advances at 350 and 110 nm CMOS nodes are benchmarked against available Si PMs obtained in CMOS and commercial customized technologies.The concept of digital multithreshold Si PMs with a single microcell readout is finally reported,proposing a possible direction toward fully digital scintillator-based radiation detectors.展开更多
目的:评估、比较中老年期慢性精神分裂症患者与首次发病患者代谢综合征(MS)的患病率及其差异。方法:本研究于2014年1月-2018年12月横断面调查55~64岁精神分裂症患者353例,其中慢性精神分裂症患者261例(研究组),搜集相关资料,以2017年中...目的:评估、比较中老年期慢性精神分裂症患者与首次发病患者代谢综合征(MS)的患病率及其差异。方法:本研究于2014年1月-2018年12月横断面调查55~64岁精神分裂症患者353例,其中慢性精神分裂症患者261例(研究组),搜集相关资料,以2017年中国2型糖尿病防治指南有关标准进行MS诊断,并与首次发病未治疗的精神分裂症患者92例(对照组)进行MS、腹型肥胖、血脂异常、高血压病及糖尿病等患病率的比较。结果:研究组患者阳性和阴性症状评定量表(positive and negative symptom scale,PANSS)评分(97.5±14.1)分、HDL-C(1.27±0.29)mmol/L明显低于对照组的(103.7±14.2)分、(1.46±0.38)mmol/L,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组的腰围(87.6±7.67)cm、体质指数(24.1±3.1)kg/m^2、空腹血清TG(1.54±1.19)mmol/L、均高于对照组的(82.8±6.6)cm、(21.7±2.6)kg/m^2、(1.18±0.49)mmol/L,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组MS患病率(29.9%)、腹型肥胖(41.4%)、血清高TG(30.7%)患病率高于对照组(10.9%、12.0%、15.2%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:中老年期慢性精神分裂症患者MS患病率明显高于首次发病者,而且主要表现为腹型肥胖和高甘油三酯血症,临床医护人员有必要对此加强监测和防治其风险。展开更多
基金financially supported by The National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant number 2017YFC1104901)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 51871239,51771227)National Natural Science Foundation of Youth Fund(grant number 51501223).
文摘The insufficient osteogenesis and osseointegration of porous titanium based scaffold limit its further application.Early angiogenesis is important for scaffold survival.It is necessary to develop a multifunctional surface on titanium scaffold with both osteogenic and angiogenic properties.In this study,a biofunctional magnesium coating is deposited on porous Ti6Al4V scaffold.For osseointegration and osteogenesis analysis,in vitro studies reveal that magnesium-coated Ti6Al4V co-culture with MC3T3-E1 cells can improve cell proliferation,adhesion,extracellular matrix(ECM)mineralization and ALP activity compared with bare Ti6Al4V cocultivation.Additionally,MC3T3-E1 cells cultured with magnesium-coated Ti6Al4V show significantly higher osteogenesisrelated genes expression.In vivo studies including fluorochrome labeling,micro-computerized tomography and histological examination of magnesium-coated Ti6Al4V scaffold reveal that new bone regeneration is significantly increased in rabbits after implantation.For angiogenesis studies,magnesium-coated Ti6Al4V improve HUVECs proliferation,adhesion,tube formation,wound-healing and Transwell abilities.HUVECs cultured with magnesium-coated Ti6Al4V display significantly higher angiogenesis-related genes(HIF-1αand VEGF)expression.Microangiography analysis reveal that magnesium-coated Ti6Al4V scaffold can significantly enhance the blood vessel formation.This study enlarges the application scope of magnesium and provides an optional choice to the conventional porous Ti6Al4V scaffold with enhanced osteogenesis and angiogenesis for further orthopedic applications.
基金supported in part by the Ministry of Science and Technology Project(2017YFC1104900 and 2016YFC1102601)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51271182 and 51631007)+2 种基金Chinese Academy of Sciences Project(QYZDJ-SSW-JSC031)the Department of Metallurgical,Materials and Biomedical Engineering(Nune KC and Misra RDK)the Office of Research and Sponsored Projects(Correa-Rodriguez VL and Murr LE)at the University of Texas at El Paso
文摘In this study we describe the fabrication of a variety of open-cellular titanium alloy（Ti-6 Al-4 V） implants,both reticular mesh and foam structures, using electron beam melting（EBM）. These structures allow for the elimination of stress shielding by adjusting the porosity（or density） to produce an elastic modulus（or stiffness） to match that of both soft（trabecular） and hard（cortical） bone, as well as allowing for bone cell ingrowth, increased cell density, and all-matrix interactions; the latter involving the interplay between bone morphogenetic protein（BMP-2） and osteoblast functions. The early formation and characterization of elementary vascular structures in an aqueous hydrogel matrix are illustrated.Preliminary results for both animal（sheep） and human trials for a number of EBM-fabricated, and often patient-specific Tialloy implants are also presented and summarized. The results, while preliminary, support the concept and development of successful, porous, engineered ＂living＂ implants.
基金supported by the Cyrus Chun Ying Tang Foundationsthe Major Science and Technology Project of Qinghai Province(Grant No.2019ZJ-A10)+4 种基金the 111 Project for“Observational and Theoretical Research on Dark Matter and Dark Energy”(Grant No.B23042)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11833007,12073078,12173088,12192221,12192224,12233008,12273036,and 12273113)the Frontier Scientific Research Program of Deep Space Exploration Laboratory(Grant No.2022-QYKYJH-HXYF-012)the support from the USTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative(Grant No.YD2030002009)Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.YSBR-061),respectively。
文摘The Wide Field Survey Telescope(WFST) is a dedicated photometric surveying facility being built jointly by University of Science and Technology of China(USTC) and the Purple Mountain Observatory(PMO). It is equipped with a 2.5-meter diameter primary mirror, an active optics system, and a mosaic CCD camera with 0.73 gigapixels on the primary focal plane for highquality image capture over a 6.5-square-degree field of view. The installation of WFST near the summit of Saishiteng mountain in the Lenghu region is scheduled in summer of 2023, and the operation is planned to start three months later. WFST will scan the northern sky in four optical bands(u, g, r and i) at cadences from hourly/daily in the deep high-cadence survey(DHS) program, to semi-weekly in the wide field survey(WFS) program. During a photometric night, a nominal 30 s exposure in the WFS program will reach a depth of 22.27, 23.32, 22.84, and 22.31(AB magnitudes) in these four bands, respectively, allowing for the detection of a tremendous amount of transients in the low-z universe and a systematic investigation of the variability of Galactic and extragalactic objects. In the DHS program, intranight 90 s exposures as deep as 23(u) and 24 mag(g), in combination with target of opportunity follow-ups, will provide a unique opportunity to explore energetic transients in demand for high sensitivities, including the electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational wave events, supernovae within a few hours of their explosions,tidal disruption events and fast, luminous optical transients even beyond redshift of unity. In addition, the final 6-year co-added images, anticipated to reach g■25.8 mag in WFS or 1.5 mags deeper in DHS, will be of fundamental importance to general Galactic and extragalactic science. The highly uniform legacy surveys of WFST will serve as an indispensable complement to those of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time(LSST) that monitors the southern sky.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62074137,52303112)the Foundation for Outstanding Young Teachers in Universities of Henan Province(No.2021GGJS014)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2022TQ0281,2023M733213).
文摘Screen sensors are the most commonly used human-machine interfaces in our everyday life,which have been extensively applied in personal electronics like cellphones.Touchless screen sensors are attracting growing interest due to their distinct advantages of high interaction freedom,comfortability,and hand hygiene.However,the material compositions of current touchless screen sensors are rigid and fragile,hardly meeting the needs of wearable and stretchable on-skin electronics development.Additionally,these touchless screen sensors are also restricted by high power consumption,limited gesture types of recognition,and the requirement of light conditions.Here,we report a stretchable on-skin touchless screen sensor(OTSS)enabled by an ionic hydrogel-based triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG).Compared with current touchless screen sensors,the OTSS is stretchable,self-powered,and competent to recognize diverse gestures by making use of charges naturally carried on fingers without the need of sufficient light conditions.An on-skin noncontact screen operating system is further demonstrated on the basis of the OTSS,which could unlock a cellphone interface in touchless operation mode on the human skin.This work for the first time introduces the on-skin touchless concept to screen sensors and offers a direction to develop new-generation screen sensors for future cellphones and personal electronics.
文摘利用可培养组技术,通过设计和优化筛选培养基,结合基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry,MALDI-TOF MS)和16S rDNA基因鉴定技术,大规模筛选鉴定浓香型白酒窖池中可培养细菌,重点突破厌氧菌的分离培养。研究结果表明,采用5种特定的厌氧培养基和2种好氧培养基,从浓香型白酒窖池中共分离得到了来自21个属44个种的124株细菌,包括9株潜在细菌新种。其中,厌氧条件分离得到100株,好氧条件分离得到24株;窖泥样品分离得到60株,酒醅样品分离得到64株。芽胞杆菌属(Bacillus sp.)和梭菌属(Clostridium sp.)是窖池样品中分离的优势菌种。根据不同分离筛选条件和分离生境的可培养细菌种类和丰度,确定了6株浓香型白酒窖池特征菌,并解析了特征菌的生物学特性。该研究为浓香型白酒窖池中潜在新种的挖掘,特征性菌种资源的定向筛选、互作机制解析、功能性研究开发及产业化应用奠定了基础。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62250002,62027808,and 62027801)the Sino-German Mobility Programme(No.M-0387)。
文摘Modern scintillator-based radiation detectors require silicon photomultipliers(Si PMs)with photon detection efficiency higher than 40%at 420 nm,possibly extended to the vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)region,single-photon time resolution(SPTR)<100 ps,and dark count rate(DCR)<150 kcps/mm^(2).To enable single-photon time stamping,digital electronics and sensitive microcells need to be integrated in the same CMOS substrate,with a readout frame rate higher than 5 MHz for arrays extending over a total area up to 4 mm×4 mm.This is challenging due to the increasing doping concentrations at low CMOS scales,deep-level carrier generation in shallow trench isolation fabrication,and power consumption,among others.The advances at 350 and 110 nm CMOS nodes are benchmarked against available Si PMs obtained in CMOS and commercial customized technologies.The concept of digital multithreshold Si PMs with a single microcell readout is finally reported,proposing a possible direction toward fully digital scintillator-based radiation detectors.
文摘目的:评估、比较中老年期慢性精神分裂症患者与首次发病患者代谢综合征(MS)的患病率及其差异。方法:本研究于2014年1月-2018年12月横断面调查55~64岁精神分裂症患者353例,其中慢性精神分裂症患者261例(研究组),搜集相关资料,以2017年中国2型糖尿病防治指南有关标准进行MS诊断,并与首次发病未治疗的精神分裂症患者92例(对照组)进行MS、腹型肥胖、血脂异常、高血压病及糖尿病等患病率的比较。结果:研究组患者阳性和阴性症状评定量表(positive and negative symptom scale,PANSS)评分(97.5±14.1)分、HDL-C(1.27±0.29)mmol/L明显低于对照组的(103.7±14.2)分、(1.46±0.38)mmol/L,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组的腰围(87.6±7.67)cm、体质指数(24.1±3.1)kg/m^2、空腹血清TG(1.54±1.19)mmol/L、均高于对照组的(82.8±6.6)cm、(21.7±2.6)kg/m^2、(1.18±0.49)mmol/L,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组MS患病率(29.9%)、腹型肥胖(41.4%)、血清高TG(30.7%)患病率高于对照组(10.9%、12.0%、15.2%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:中老年期慢性精神分裂症患者MS患病率明显高于首次发病者,而且主要表现为腹型肥胖和高甘油三酯血症,临床医护人员有必要对此加强监测和防治其风险。
