Background:5-Fluorouracil(5-FU)and capecitabine-associated cardiotoxicity ranging from asymptomatic electro-cardiography(ECG)abnormalities to severe myocardial infarction has been reported in a number of studies,but s...Background:5-Fluorouracil(5-FU)and capecitabine-associated cardiotoxicity ranging from asymptomatic electro-cardiography(ECG)abnormalities to severe myocardial infarction has been reported in a number of studies,but such cardiotoxicity in Chinese patients with malignant diseases has not been investigated to date.In the present study,we aimed to prospectively evaluate the incidence rates and clinical manifestations of 5-FU-and capecitabine-associated cardiotoxicity in cancer patients recruited from multiple centers in China.Methods:Among the 527 patients who completed the study,196 received 5-FU-based chemotherapy and 331 received capecitabine-based chemotherapy as either first-line or adjuvant therapy.Adverse events were reported during the treatment and up to 28 days of follow-up.Outcome measures included ECG,myocardial enzymes,cardiac troponin,brain natriuretic peptide and echocardiography.Univariate analysis and logistic regression were performed for subgroup analysis and identification of significant independent variables that are associated with cardiotoxicity of both agents.Results:In total,161 of 527 patients(30.6%)experienced cardiotoxicity.The incidence rate of cardiotoxicity was 33.8%(112/331)in the capecitabine group,which was significantly higher than the rate of 25%(49/196)in the 5-FU group(P=0.0042).110/527 patients(20.9%)suffered arrhythmia,105/527(19.9%)developed ischemic changes,while only 20/527 patients(3.8%)presented heart failure and 6/527 patients(1.1%)had myocardial infarction.Pre-existing cardiac disease,hypertension,capecitabine-based chemotherapy and duration of treatment were identified as sig-nificant risk factors associated with cardiotoxicity.The odds ratio were 15.7(prior history of cardiac disease versus no history),1.86(capecitabine versus 5-FU),1.06(5-8 versus 1-4 chemotherapy cycles)and 1.58(hypertension versus no hypertension),respectively.Conclusions:Cardiotoxicity induced by fluoropyrimidines in the Chinese population may be underestimated in clini-cal practice.Close monitori展开更多
Depression is the most disabling disorder world- wide that accounts for the highest proportion of global burden attributable to mental disorders. Major depressive disorder （MDD） is characterized by deep sadness, red...Depression is the most disabling disorder world- wide that accounts for the highest proportion of global burden attributable to mental disorders. Major depressive disorder （MDD） is characterized by deep sadness, reduced energy, vegetative nervous system dysregulation, cognitive dysfunction, and even a high suicidal tendency. Although other treatment choices are available, antidepressant medication is the front-line treatment option for MDD. Regarding clinical efficacy, only - 50% of patients respond to frontline antide pressants, and 〈33% obtain remission. Currently, objective indexes to guide clinical decisions are still lacking. Further- more, knowledge about the neurobiological mechanisms underlying discrepant antidepressant outcomes is still also fragmentary. In the present review, we discuss the current research progress and clinical opinions on MDD in China.展开更多
Being infected by SARS-CoV-2 may cause damage to multiple organs in patients, such as the lung, liver and heart. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2), reported as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor, is also expressed in human mal...Being infected by SARS-CoV-2 may cause damage to multiple organs in patients, such as the lung, liver and heart. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2), reported as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor, is also expressed in human male testes. This suggests a potential risk in human male reproductive system. However, the characteristics of ACE2-positive cells and the expression of other SARS-CoV-2 process-related genes are still worthy of further investigation. Here, we performed singlecell RNA seq(scRNA-seq) analysis on 853 male embryo primordial germ cells(PGCs) and 2,854 normal testis cells to assess the effects of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on the male reproductive system from embryonic stage to adulthood. We also collected and constructed the scRNA-seq library on 228 Sertoli cells from three non-obstructive azoospermia(NOA) patients to assess the effects at disease state. We found that ACE2 expressing cells existed in almost all testis cell types and Sertoli cells had highest expression level and positive cells ratio. Moreover, ACE2 was also expressed in human male PGCs. In adulthood, the level of ACE2 expression decreased with the increase of age. We also found that ACE2 positive cells had high expressions of stress response and immune activation-related genes. Interestingly, some potential SARS-CoV-2 process-related genes such as TMPRSS2, BSG, CTSL and CTSB had different expression patterns in the same cell type. Furthermore, ACE2 expression level in NOA donors’ Sertoli cells was significantly decreased. Our work would help to assess the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the male reproductive system.展开更多
Tracheobronchial obstruction in children due to benign stenosis or tracheobronchomalacia still remains a challenging matter of concern.Currently,there is 10%–20%complication rate in clinical treatment.The nonbiodegra...Tracheobronchial obstruction in children due to benign stenosis or tracheobronchomalacia still remains a challenging matter of concern.Currently,there is 10%–20%complication rate in clinical treatment.The nonbiodegradable property of silicone stents and nickel-titanium memory alloy stents take the primary responsibility for drawbacks including stimulating local granulation tissue proliferation,displacement,and stent-related infections.Permanent tracheobronchial stent will be a persistent foreign object for a long time,causing excessive secretion of tracheal mucosa,ulceration and even perforation,which is particularly unsuitable for young children with persistent tracheal growth.In this study,the degradation and biocompatibility performance of three typical biodegradable metals were investigated as potential tracheobronchial stent materials.The results exhibited that these materials showed different degradation behaviors in the simulating respiratory fluid environment compared with SBF.Except for pure iron group,high purity magnesium and zinc showed favorable cell adhesion and proliferation in three culture methodologies(direct culture,indirect culture and extraction culture).The proper corrosion rate and good biocompatibility indicated that high purity magnesium and zinc may be good candidates as tracheobronchial stent materials.展开更多
Aiming at the problem that the traditional Dempster Shafer (D-S) evidence theory cannot deal with conflicted evidences effectively and correctly, this paper points out that the key issue of this problem is to measure ...Aiming at the problem that the traditional Dempster Shafer (D-S) evidence theory cannot deal with conflicted evidences effectively and correctly, this paper points out that the key issue of this problem is to measure the degree of conflict between evidences correctly after analyzing various improved methods. The existing evidence conflict measure methods are analyzed, and a new evidence conflict measure method called evidence similarity measure based on the Tanimoto measure is proposed, while a new evidence combination method is proposed on the basis of evidence similarity measure. Firstly, the conflict degrees between evidences are obtained through the evidence similarity measure. Then the evidence sources are modified based on the credibility of different evidences and the weights of conflicted parts of evidences on different focal elements are determined. Finally, the fusion result is obtained by this method. Numerical examples show that the proposed method can effectively fuse evidences when evidences are consistent or highly conflicted, and it has a fast convergence speed, a high degree of accuracy and good adaptability.展开更多
The Wide Field Survey Telescope(WFST) is a dedicated photometric surveying facility being built jointly by University of Science and Technology of China(USTC) and the Purple Mountain Observatory(PMO). It is equipped w...The Wide Field Survey Telescope(WFST) is a dedicated photometric surveying facility being built jointly by University of Science and Technology of China(USTC) and the Purple Mountain Observatory(PMO). It is equipped with a 2.5-meter diameter primary mirror, an active optics system, and a mosaic CCD camera with 0.73 gigapixels on the primary focal plane for highquality image capture over a 6.5-square-degree field of view. The installation of WFST near the summit of Saishiteng mountain in the Lenghu region is scheduled in summer of 2023, and the operation is planned to start three months later. WFST will scan the northern sky in four optical bands(u, g, r and i) at cadences from hourly/daily in the deep high-cadence survey(DHS) program, to semi-weekly in the wide field survey(WFS) program. During a photometric night, a nominal 30 s exposure in the WFS program will reach a depth of 22.27, 23.32, 22.84, and 22.31(AB magnitudes) in these four bands, respectively, allowing for the detection of a tremendous amount of transients in the low-z universe and a systematic investigation of the variability of Galactic and extragalactic objects. In the DHS program, intranight 90 s exposures as deep as 23(u) and 24 mag(g), in combination with target of opportunity follow-ups, will provide a unique opportunity to explore energetic transients in demand for high sensitivities, including the electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational wave events, supernovae within a few hours of their explosions,tidal disruption events and fast, luminous optical transients even beyond redshift of unity. In addition, the final 6-year co-added images, anticipated to reach g■25.8 mag in WFS or 1.5 mags deeper in DHS, will be of fundamental importance to general Galactic and extragalactic science. The highly uniform legacy surveys of WFST will serve as an indispensable complement to those of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time(LSST) that monitors the southern sky.展开更多
在风-火-核-碳捕集多源联合系统中,核电机组在参与电网调峰时存在调峰深度选择不精确的问题。此外,该多源联合系统还存在风电消纳不足的问题。为此,构建了一种计及线性化核电机组调峰深度模型的电转气(power to gas,P2G)-风-火-核-碳捕...在风-火-核-碳捕集多源联合系统中,核电机组在参与电网调峰时存在调峰深度选择不精确的问题。此外,该多源联合系统还存在风电消纳不足的问题。为此,构建了一种计及线性化核电机组调峰深度模型的电转气(power to gas,P2G)-风-火-核-碳捕集多源联合系统,并对该系统进行了日前优化调度。首先,基于核电机组负荷跟踪模式,通过引入连续变量,提高了调峰深度选择的准确性;然后,分析了碳捕集电厂-P2G联合运行模式及需求响应资源对促进风电消纳的积极作用;最后,以系统综合运行成本最低为目标函数,同时考虑碳交易机制,在Matlab平台搭建仿真模型,验证了所构建多源联合系统的有效性。结果表明,相较于核电机组采用固定调峰档位的多源联合系统,所构建的多源联合系统能够在保证核电机组安全稳定运行的同时,实现风电完全消纳,系统碳排放量与综合运行成本分别下降了13.74%与6.27%,提高了系统运行的低碳性与经济性。展开更多
文摘随着以新能源为主体的新型电力系统的建设,大规模分布式光伏接入配电网造成了严重的潮流返送、电压越限等一系列问题。基于博弈论与NSGA-Ⅱ(non dominated sorting geneticalgorithmⅡ)提出了促进分布式光伏消纳的两阶段源网荷储互动优化运行策略。首先定义了配电网动态极限承载能力(dynamic loadability of distribution network,DLDN),为配电网内需求响应资源赋予时间特性和空间特性,为配电系统促进分布式光伏就地消纳电量调度与有功/无功协调控制的两阶段优化提供“桥梁”,并且给出了DLDN的求解方法;其次,提出两阶段源网荷储互动优化运行框架,第一阶段基于博弈论制定能够促进分布式光伏就地消纳、供需双方收益达到均衡的电量交易策略;第二阶段通过配电系统有功/无功协调控制跟踪第一阶段的电量交易策略,优化配电网运行状态。最后,通过算例分析表明所提方法能够实现配电系统促进分布式光伏就地消纳的电量调度与有功/无功协调控制的有机统一,通过消纳光伏发电实现多方共赢。
文摘Background:5-Fluorouracil(5-FU)and capecitabine-associated cardiotoxicity ranging from asymptomatic electro-cardiography(ECG)abnormalities to severe myocardial infarction has been reported in a number of studies,but such cardiotoxicity in Chinese patients with malignant diseases has not been investigated to date.In the present study,we aimed to prospectively evaluate the incidence rates and clinical manifestations of 5-FU-and capecitabine-associated cardiotoxicity in cancer patients recruited from multiple centers in China.Methods:Among the 527 patients who completed the study,196 received 5-FU-based chemotherapy and 331 received capecitabine-based chemotherapy as either first-line or adjuvant therapy.Adverse events were reported during the treatment and up to 28 days of follow-up.Outcome measures included ECG,myocardial enzymes,cardiac troponin,brain natriuretic peptide and echocardiography.Univariate analysis and logistic regression were performed for subgroup analysis and identification of significant independent variables that are associated with cardiotoxicity of both agents.Results:In total,161 of 527 patients(30.6%)experienced cardiotoxicity.The incidence rate of cardiotoxicity was 33.8%(112/331)in the capecitabine group,which was significantly higher than the rate of 25%(49/196)in the 5-FU group(P=0.0042).110/527 patients(20.9%)suffered arrhythmia,105/527(19.9%)developed ischemic changes,while only 20/527 patients(3.8%)presented heart failure and 6/527 patients(1.1%)had myocardial infarction.Pre-existing cardiac disease,hypertension,capecitabine-based chemotherapy and duration of treatment were identified as sig-nificant risk factors associated with cardiotoxicity.The odds ratio were 15.7(prior history of cardiac disease versus no history),1.86(capecitabine versus 5-FU),1.06(5-8 versus 1-4 chemotherapy cycles)and 1.58(hypertension versus no hypertension),respectively.Conclusions:Cardiotoxicity induced by fluoropyrimidines in the Chinese population may be underestimated in clini-cal practice.Close monitori
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81371488 and 81571330)
文摘Depression is the most disabling disorder world- wide that accounts for the highest proportion of global burden attributable to mental disorders. Major depressive disorder （MDD） is characterized by deep sadness, reduced energy, vegetative nervous system dysregulation, cognitive dysfunction, and even a high suicidal tendency. Although other treatment choices are available, antidepressant medication is the front-line treatment option for MDD. Regarding clinical efficacy, only - 50% of patients respond to frontline antide pressants, and 〈33% obtain remission. Currently, objective indexes to guide clinical decisions are still lacking. Further- more, knowledge about the neurobiological mechanisms underlying discrepant antidepressant outcomes is still also fragmentary. In the present review, we discuss the current research progress and clinical opinions on MDD in China.
基金funded by Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission (Z191100006619075)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81521002 and 81730038)。
文摘Being infected by SARS-CoV-2 may cause damage to multiple organs in patients, such as the lung, liver and heart. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2), reported as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor, is also expressed in human male testes. This suggests a potential risk in human male reproductive system. However, the characteristics of ACE2-positive cells and the expression of other SARS-CoV-2 process-related genes are still worthy of further investigation. Here, we performed singlecell RNA seq(scRNA-seq) analysis on 853 male embryo primordial germ cells(PGCs) and 2,854 normal testis cells to assess the effects of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on the male reproductive system from embryonic stage to adulthood. We also collected and constructed the scRNA-seq library on 228 Sertoli cells from three non-obstructive azoospermia(NOA) patients to assess the effects at disease state. We found that ACE2 expressing cells existed in almost all testis cell types and Sertoli cells had highest expression level and positive cells ratio. Moreover, ACE2 was also expressed in human male PGCs. In adulthood, the level of ACE2 expression decreased with the increase of age. We also found that ACE2 positive cells had high expressions of stress response and immune activation-related genes. Interestingly, some potential SARS-CoV-2 process-related genes such as TMPRSS2, BSG, CTSL and CTSB had different expression patterns in the same cell type. Furthermore, ACE2 expression level in NOA donors’ Sertoli cells was significantly decreased. Our work would help to assess the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the male reproductive system.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31670974,No.31370954).
文摘Tracheobronchial obstruction in children due to benign stenosis or tracheobronchomalacia still remains a challenging matter of concern.Currently,there is 10%–20%complication rate in clinical treatment.The nonbiodegradable property of silicone stents and nickel-titanium memory alloy stents take the primary responsibility for drawbacks including stimulating local granulation tissue proliferation,displacement,and stent-related infections.Permanent tracheobronchial stent will be a persistent foreign object for a long time,causing excessive secretion of tracheal mucosa,ulceration and even perforation,which is particularly unsuitable for young children with persistent tracheal growth.In this study,the degradation and biocompatibility performance of three typical biodegradable metals were investigated as potential tracheobronchial stent materials.The results exhibited that these materials showed different degradation behaviors in the simulating respiratory fluid environment compared with SBF.Except for pure iron group,high purity magnesium and zinc showed favorable cell adhesion and proliferation in three culture methodologies(direct culture,indirect culture and extraction culture).The proper corrosion rate and good biocompatibility indicated that high purity magnesium and zinc may be good candidates as tracheobronchial stent materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61573283)
文摘Aiming at the problem that the traditional Dempster Shafer (D-S) evidence theory cannot deal with conflicted evidences effectively and correctly, this paper points out that the key issue of this problem is to measure the degree of conflict between evidences correctly after analyzing various improved methods. The existing evidence conflict measure methods are analyzed, and a new evidence conflict measure method called evidence similarity measure based on the Tanimoto measure is proposed, while a new evidence combination method is proposed on the basis of evidence similarity measure. Firstly, the conflict degrees between evidences are obtained through the evidence similarity measure. Then the evidence sources are modified based on the credibility of different evidences and the weights of conflicted parts of evidences on different focal elements are determined. Finally, the fusion result is obtained by this method. Numerical examples show that the proposed method can effectively fuse evidences when evidences are consistent or highly conflicted, and it has a fast convergence speed, a high degree of accuracy and good adaptability.
基金supported by the Cyrus Chun Ying Tang Foundationsthe Major Science and Technology Project of Qinghai Province(Grant No.2019ZJ-A10)+4 种基金the 111 Project for“Observational and Theoretical Research on Dark Matter and Dark Energy”(Grant No.B23042)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11833007,12073078,12173088,12192221,12192224,12233008,12273036,and 12273113)the Frontier Scientific Research Program of Deep Space Exploration Laboratory(Grant No.2022-QYKYJH-HXYF-012)the support from the USTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative(Grant No.YD2030002009)Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.YSBR-061),respectively。
文摘The Wide Field Survey Telescope(WFST) is a dedicated photometric surveying facility being built jointly by University of Science and Technology of China(USTC) and the Purple Mountain Observatory(PMO). It is equipped with a 2.5-meter diameter primary mirror, an active optics system, and a mosaic CCD camera with 0.73 gigapixels on the primary focal plane for highquality image capture over a 6.5-square-degree field of view. The installation of WFST near the summit of Saishiteng mountain in the Lenghu region is scheduled in summer of 2023, and the operation is planned to start three months later. WFST will scan the northern sky in four optical bands(u, g, r and i) at cadences from hourly/daily in the deep high-cadence survey(DHS) program, to semi-weekly in the wide field survey(WFS) program. During a photometric night, a nominal 30 s exposure in the WFS program will reach a depth of 22.27, 23.32, 22.84, and 22.31(AB magnitudes) in these four bands, respectively, allowing for the detection of a tremendous amount of transients in the low-z universe and a systematic investigation of the variability of Galactic and extragalactic objects. In the DHS program, intranight 90 s exposures as deep as 23(u) and 24 mag(g), in combination with target of opportunity follow-ups, will provide a unique opportunity to explore energetic transients in demand for high sensitivities, including the electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational wave events, supernovae within a few hours of their explosions,tidal disruption events and fast, luminous optical transients even beyond redshift of unity. In addition, the final 6-year co-added images, anticipated to reach g■25.8 mag in WFS or 1.5 mags deeper in DHS, will be of fundamental importance to general Galactic and extragalactic science. The highly uniform legacy surveys of WFST will serve as an indispensable complement to those of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time(LSST) that monitors the southern sky.
文摘在风-火-核-碳捕集多源联合系统中,核电机组在参与电网调峰时存在调峰深度选择不精确的问题。此外,该多源联合系统还存在风电消纳不足的问题。为此,构建了一种计及线性化核电机组调峰深度模型的电转气(power to gas,P2G)-风-火-核-碳捕集多源联合系统,并对该系统进行了日前优化调度。首先,基于核电机组负荷跟踪模式,通过引入连续变量,提高了调峰深度选择的准确性;然后,分析了碳捕集电厂-P2G联合运行模式及需求响应资源对促进风电消纳的积极作用;最后,以系统综合运行成本最低为目标函数,同时考虑碳交易机制,在Matlab平台搭建仿真模型,验证了所构建多源联合系统的有效性。结果表明,相较于核电机组采用固定调峰档位的多源联合系统,所构建的多源联合系统能够在保证核电机组安全稳定运行的同时,实现风电完全消纳,系统碳排放量与综合运行成本分别下降了13.74%与6.27%,提高了系统运行的低碳性与经济性。
