AIM: To observe the effect of compound Biejiaruangan decoction (CBJRGC) (composite prescription of Carapax trionycis for softening the liver) on proliferation, activation,excretion of collagen and cytokine of hepatic ...AIM: To observe the effect of compound Biejiaruangan decoction (CBJRGC) (composite prescription of Carapax trionycis for softening the liver) on proliferation, activation,excretion of collagen and cytokine of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and to find the mechanism of prevention and treatment of hepatic fibrosis by CBJRGC.METHODS: Using MTT, immunohistochemistry and image analysis technology, the related indexes for proliferation,activation, excretion of collagen and cytokine of hepatic stellate cells were detected in 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after adminstration of different dosages of CBJRGC.RESULTS: Statistical analysis showed that serum collected from rat perfused with CBJRGC could restrain the proliferation of HSC in 48 h and 72 h especially in high and medium dosage groups, markedly decrease the expression of desmin, synapsin and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) in HSC in 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, as well as the expression of μ-SMA, collagen III, TIMP and TGFβ1 in 48 h and 72 h, decrease the excretion of collagen I in 72 h.CBJRGC serum had no significant effect on collagens I, III and TIMP in 24 h.CONCLUSION: CBJRGC serum has a good curative effect on hepatic fibrosis. Its main mechanism may be related to the following factors. The drug serum can restrain the proliferation and activation of HSC, decrease the number of activated HSC and the total number of HSC, the excretion of collagens I, III, enhance the degradation of collagen and restore the balance of synthesis and degradation of collagen,inhibit the expression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβI) and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) in HSC,block and delay the process of hepatic fibrosis. Synapsin is a new marker of activation of HSC, which provides a theoretical and testing basis for neural regulation in the developing process of hepatic fibrosis.展开更多
AIM: To detect the markers of oval cells in adult rat liver and to enrich them for further analysis of characterization in vitro.METHODS: Rat model for hepatic oval cell proliferation was established with 2-acetylamin...AIM: To detect the markers of oval cells in adult rat liver and to enrich them for further analysis of characterization in vitro.METHODS: Rat model for hepatic oval cell proliferation was established with 2-acetylaminofluorene and two third partial hepatectomy (2-AAF/PH). Paraffin embedded rat liver sections from model (11 d after hepatectomy) and control groups were stained with HE and OV6, cytokeratin19 (CK19),albumin, alpha fetoprotein (AFP), connexin43, and c-kit antibodies by immunohistochemistry. Oval cell proliferation was measured with BrdU incorporation test. C-kit positive oval cells were enriched by using magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) .The sorted oval cells were cultured in a low density to observe colony formation and to examine their characterization in vitroby immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR.RESULTS: A 2-AAF/PH model was successfully established to activate the oval cell compartment in rat liver. BrdU incorporation test of oval cell was positive. The hepatic oval cells coexpressed oval cell specific marker OV6, hepatocytemarker albumin and cholangiocyte-marker CK19. They also expressed AFP and connexin 43. C-kit, one hematopoietic stem cell receptor, was expressed in hepatic oval cells at high levels. By using c-kit antibody in conjunction with MACS,we developed a rapid oval cell isolation protocol. The sorted cells formed colony when cultured in vitro. Cells in the colony expressed albumin or CK19 or coexpressed both and BrdU incorporation test was positive. RT-PCR on colony showed expression of albumin and CK19 gene.CONCLUSION: Hepatic oval cells in the 2-AAF/PH model had the properties of hepatic stem/progenitor cells. Using MACS, we established a method to isolate oval cells. The sorted hepatic oval cells can form colony in vitro which expresses different combinations of phenotypic markers and genes from both hepatocytes and cholangiocyte lineage.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the effect of acupuncture and moxibustion on epithelial cell apoptosis and expression of Bcl-2, Bax, fas and FasL proteins in rat ulcerative colitis.METHODS:A rat model of ulcerative colitis was est...AIM:To investigate the effect of acupuncture and moxibustion on epithelial cell apoptosis and expression of Bcl-2, Bax, fas and FasL proteins in rat ulcerative colitis.METHODS:A rat model of ulcerative colitis was estabelished by immunological methods and local stimulation. All rats were randomly divided into model control group (MC),electro-acupuncture group (EA), herbs-partition moxibustion group (HPM). Normal rats were used as normal control group (NC). Epithelial cell apoptosis and expression of Bcl-2, Bax, fas and FasL proteins were detected by TUNEL and immunohistochemiscal method respectively.RESULTS: The number of epithelial cell apoptosis in MC was significantly higher than that in NC,and was markedly decreased after the treatment with herbs-partition moxibustion or electro-acupuncture. The expression of Bcl-2, Bax, fas and FasL in colonic epithelial cells in MC was higher than that in NC, and was markedly down- regulated by herbs-partition moxibustion or electro-acupuncture treatment.CONCLUSION: The pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis in rats involves abnormality of apoptosis. Acupuncture and moxibustion can regulate the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, fas and FasL proteins and inhibit the apoptosis of epithelial cells of ulcerative colitis in rats by Bcl-2/Bax, fas/FasL pathways.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the putative role of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the carcinogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in China.METHODS: Twenty-three esophageal squamous cell carcinoma samples and t...AIM: To investigate the putative role of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the carcinogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in China.METHODS: Twenty-three esophageal squamous cell carcinoma samples and the distal normal epithelium from Shanxi Province, and 25 more esophageal squamous cell carcinoma samples from Anyang city, two areas with a high incidence of esophageal cancer in China, were detected for the existence of HPV-16 DNA by PCR, mRNA in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) targeting HPV-16 E6 gene.
RESULTS: There were approximately 64 % (31/48) patients having HPV-16 DNA in tumor samples, among them nearly twothirds (19/31) samples were detected with mRNA expression of HPV-16 E6. However, in the normal esophageal epithelium from cancer patients, the DNA and mRNA of HPV-16 were found with much less rate: 34.7 % (8/23) and 26.1% (6/23) respectively.In addition, at protein level detected by IHC assay, 27.1% (13/48) tumor samples had virus oncoprotein E6 expression, while only one case of normal epithelium was found positive.CONCLUSION: HPV infection, especially type 16, should be considered as a risk factor for esophageal malignancies in China.展开更多
AIM: To study oval cells' pathological characteristics and relationship with the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); to observe the form and structural characteristics of oval cells; to explore the expre...AIM: To study oval cells' pathological characteristics and relationship with the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); to observe the form and structural characteristics of oval cells; to explore the expression characteristics of C-kit, PCNA mRNA and c-mycgene during the occurrence and development of HCC and the effect of ulinastatin (UTI) on C-kit and PCNA expression.METHODS: One hundred and twenty-five SD rats fed on 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB) to construct HCC models were divided into control group, cancer-inducing group and UTI intervention group. In each group, rat liver samples were collected at weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22 and 24 respectively to study pathological distribution characteristics of oval cells in the process of carcinogenesis under optical microscope. Oval cells were separated by the methods of improved density gradient centrifugation and their structural characteristics were observed under optical microscope and electronic microscope respectively; the oval cells expressing C-kit and PCNA in the collected samples were observed by the methods of immunohistochemistry and image analysis and the expression of c-myc mRNA was also detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).RESULTS: Oval cells proliferated firstly in the portal area then gradually migrated into hepatic parenchyma in the inducing group and intervention group. The oval cells distributed inside and outside the carcinoma nodes. The oval cells presented the characteristics of undifferentiated cells: a high ratio of nucleolus and cellular plasm and obvious nucleoli, rare organelle in plasm. Only a few mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum and some villuslike apophysis on surface of cells could be seen. Cells stained with C-kit and PCNA antibody were mainly oval cells distributed in the portal area. The expression of cmyc mRNA increased with the progression of HCC.However, in the intervention group, UTI could retard its increase.CONCLUSION: Oval cells work throughout the development of HCC,展开更多
AIM: Mitotic cell death has been focused on in tumor therapy.However, the precise mechanisms underlying it remain unclear. We have reported previously that enediyne antibiotic lidamycin induces mitotic cell death at l...AIM: Mitotic cell death has been focused on in tumor therapy.However, the precise mechanisms underlying it remain unclear. We have reported previously that enediyne antibiotic lidamycin induces mitotic cell death at low concentrations in human epithelial tumor cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible link between centrosome dynamics and lidamycin-induced mitotic cell death in human hepatoma BEL-7402 cells.METHODS: Growth curve was established by Ml-l assay.Cell multinucleation was detected by staining with Hoechst 33342. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle.Aberrant centrosomes were detected by indirect immunofluorescence. Western blot and senescenceassociated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining were used to analyze protein expression and senescence-like phenotype,respectively.RESULTS: Exposure of BEL-7402 cells to a low concentration of lidamycin resulted in an increase in cells containing multiple centrosomes in association with the appearance of mitotic cell death and activation of SA-β-gal in some cells, accompanied by the changes of protein expression for the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis. The mitochondrial signaling pathway, one of the major apoptotic pathways, was not activated during mitotic cell death. The aberrant centrosomes contributed to the multipolar mitotic spindles formation, which might lead to an unbalanced division of chromosomes and mitotic cell death characterized by the manifestation of multi- or micronucleated giant cells.Cell cycle analysis revealed that the lidamycin treatment provoked the retardation at G2/M phase, which might be involved in the centrosome overduplication.CONCLUSION: Mitotic cell death and senescence can be induced by treatment of BEL-7402 cells with a low concentration of lidamycin. Centrosome dysregulation may play a critical role in mitotic failure and ultimate cell death following exposure to intermediate dose of lidamycin.展开更多
This paper describes the data release of the LAMOST pilot survey, which includes data reduction, calibration, spectral analysis, data products and data access. The accuracy of the released data and the information abo...This paper describes the data release of the LAMOST pilot survey, which includes data reduction, calibration, spectral analysis, data products and data access. The accuracy of the released data and the information about the FITS headers of spectra are also introduced. The released data set includes 319 000 spectra and a catalog of these objects.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the effect of aclacinomycin A-loaded magnetic polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles on gastric tumor growth in vivo and in vitro.METHODS: Magnetic polybutylcyanoacrylate (PBCA)nanospheres encapsulated ...AIM: To evaluate the effect of aclacinomycin A-loaded magnetic polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles on gastric tumor growth in vivo and in vitro.METHODS: Magnetic polybutylcyanoacrylate (PBCA)nanospheres encapsulated with aclacinomycin A (MPNS-ACM) were prepared by interracial polymerization. Particle size, shape and drug content were examined. Female BABL/c nude mice were implanted with MKN-45 gastric carcinoma tissues subcutaneously to establish human gastric carcinoma model. The mice were randomly divided into 5 groups of 6 each: ACM group (8 mg/kg bin); group of high dosage of MPNS-ACM (8 mg/kg bin); group of low dosage of MPNS-ACM (1.6 mg/kg bin); group of magnetic PBCA nanosphere (MPNS) and control group(normal saline). Magnets (2.5 T) were implanted into the tumor masses in all of the mice one day before the therapy.Above-mentioned drugs were administered intravenously to the mice of every group on the first day and sixth day.When the mice were sacrificed, tumor weight was measured, and the assay of granulocyte- macrophage colony forming-unit (CFU-GM) was performed on semi-solid culture. White blood cell, alanine aminotransferase and creatine were examined. 3-[4-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) was used to examine the viability of MKN-45 cells afger incubation with different concentrations of ACM, MPNS and MPNS-ACM suspension respectively for 48 h.RESULTS: Content of ACM in MPNS-ACM was 12.0% and the average diameter of the particles was 210 nm. The inhibitory rates of ACM (8 mg/kg bin), high dosage of MPNS-ACM (8 mg/kg bin), low dosage of MPNS-ACM (1.6 mg/kg bin)and MPNS on human gastric carcinoma in nude mice were 22.63%, 52.55%, 30.66% and 10.22%, respectively. There was a significant decrease in the number of CFU-GM of bone marrow in ACM group compared with control group,whereas no obvious change was observed in that of the nanosphere groups. The values of 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) of ACM, MPNS and MPNS-ACM were 0.09, 97.78 and 1.07 μg/mL, respectively.CONCLUSION: 展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the causes and the relative factors of recurrent acute pancreatitis.METHODS: From 1997 to 2000, acute pancreatitis relapsed in 77 of 245 acute pancreatitis patients. By reviewing the clinical treatmen...AIM: To evaluate the causes and the relative factors of recurrent acute pancreatitis.METHODS: From 1997 to 2000, acute pancreatitis relapsed in 77 of 245 acute pancreatitis patients. By reviewing the clinical treatment results and the follow-up data, we analyzed the recurrent factors of acute pancreatitis using univariate analysis and multivariate analysis.RESULTS: Of the 245 acute pancreatitis patients, 77 were patients with recurrent acute pancreatitis. Of them, 56 patients relapsed two times, 19 relapsed three times, each patient relapsed three and four times. Forty-seven patients relapsed in hospital and the other 30 patients relapsed after discharge. Eighteen patients relapsed in 1 year, eight relapsed in 1-3 years, and four relapsed after 3 years. There were 48 cases of biliary pancreatitis, 3 of alcohol pancreatitis, 5 of hyperlipidemia pancreatitis, 21 of idiopathic pancreatitis. Univariate analysis showed that the patients with local complications of pancreas, obstructive jaundice and hepatic function injury were easy to recur during the treatment period of acute pancreatitis (P = 0.022＜0.05, P = 0.012＜0.05 and P = 0.002＜0.05, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that there was no single factor related to recurrence. Of the 47 patients who had recurrence in hospital, 16 had recurrence in a fast period, 31 after refeeding. CONCLUSION: Acute pancreatitis is easy to recur even during treatment. The factors such as changes of pancreas structure and uncontrolled systemic inflammatory reaction are responsible for the recurrence of acute pancreatitis. Early refeeding increases the recurrence of acute pancreatitis. Defining the etiology is essential for reducing the recurrence of acute pancreatitis.展开更多
AIM: To study the alteration of nuclear matrix proteins (NMPs) in gastric cancer. METHODS: The NMPs extracted from 22 cases of gastric cancer and normal gastric tissues were investigated by SDS-PAGE technique and the ...AIM: To study the alteration of nuclear matrix proteins (NMPs) in gastric cancer. METHODS: The NMPs extracted from 22 cases of gastric cancer and normal gastric tissues were investigated by SDS-PAGE technique and the data were analyzed using Genetools analysis software. RESULTS: Compared with normal gastric tissue, the expression of 30 ku and 28 ku NMPs in gastric cancer decreased significantly (P=-0.002, P=0.001, P<0.05). No significant difference was found in the expression of the two NMPs between the various differentiated grades (P=0.947, P=-0.356) and clinical stages of gastric cancer (P=0.920, P=-0.243, P＞0.05). CONCLUSION: The results suggested that the alteration of NMPs in gastric cancer occurred at the early stage of gastric cancer development.展开更多
The graphene oxides （GOs） have attracted multidisciplinary study because of their special physicochemical properties. The high surface area and large amounts of oxygen-containing functional groups make GOs suitable ...The graphene oxides （GOs） have attracted multidisciplinary study because of their special physicochemical properties. The high surface area and large amounts of oxygen-containing functional groups make GOs suitable materials for the efficient elimination of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. Herein the sorption of Ni（Ⅱ） on GOs was studied using batch experi- ments, and the results showed that the sorption of Ni（Ⅱ） is strongly dependent on pH and ionic strength at pH〈8, and inde- pendent of ionic strength at pH〉8. The sorption of Ni（Ⅱ） is mainly dominated by outer-sphere surface complexation and ion exchange at low pH, and by inner-sphere surface complexation at high pH. The interaction of Ni（Ⅱ） with GOs was also inves- tigated by theoretical density functional theory （DFT） calculations, and the results show that the sorption of Ni（Ⅱ） on GOs is mainly attributed to the -COH and -COC groups and the DFT calculations show that Ni（Ⅱ） forms stable GO_Ni_triplet struc- ture with the binding energy of -39.44 kcal/mol, which is in good agreement with the batch sorption experimental results. The results are important for the application of GOs as adsorbents in the efficient removal of Ni（Ⅱ） from wastewater in environ- mental pollution cleanup.展开更多
AIM: To detect the expression of Fas ligand (FasL) in colon cancer tissues and cell lines and analyze the function of FasL-expressing colon cancer cells in inducing Fas-sensitive T lymphocyte apoptosis. METHODS: Ninet...AIM: To detect the expression of Fas ligand (FasL) in colon cancer tissues and cell lines and analyze the function of FasL-expressing colon cancer cells in inducing Fas-sensitive T lymphocyte apoptosis. METHODS: Ninety surgically resected colon cancer tissues and 15 hepatic metastasis specimens were investigatedby immunohistochemical method with normal colon mucosa and colon adenoma as control. The relationship between FasL expression and pathologic features was also analyzed.FasL expression of 4 colon cancer cell lines, SW620, Lovo, LS-174T and SW1116, were detected by Western blotting assay. The function of FasL expressed on colon cancer cells was determined by coculture assay with Jurkat T lymphocytes, the apoptotic rate of which was detectedby flow cytometry assay.RESULTS: Fifty-six (62.22%) cases of all the 90 colon cancer tissues and all (100%) the liver metastasis specimens expressed FasL, significantly higher than normal colon mucosa and colonic adenoma. Higher expression of FasL was found in more advanced stage of colon cancer and in cancer tissues with lymphatic or hepatic metastasis.All the colon cancer cell lines were found to express FasL.After coculture with the SW1116 cells for 24 h with an effector: target ratio 10:1, the rate of apoptosis of Jurkat cells rose from 1.9% to 21.0%.CONCLUSION: The expression of FasL is upregulated in colon cancer and the functionally expressed FasL can induce apoptosis of Fas-expressing T lymphocytes.展开更多
In recent years,a new class of metallic materials featuring heterogeneous structures has emerged.These materials consist of distinct soft and hard domains with significant differences in mechanical properties,allowing...In recent years,a new class of metallic materials featuring heterogeneous structures has emerged.These materials consist of distinct soft and hard domains with significant differences in mechanical properties,allowing them to maintain high strength while offering superior ductility.Magnesium(Mg)alloys,renowned for their low density,high specific strength,exceptional vibration damping,and electromagnetic shielding properties,exhibit tremendous potential as lightweight and functional materials.Despite their advantageous properties,high-strength Mg alloys often suffer from limited ductility.However,the emergence of heterogeneous materials provides a fresh perspective for the development of Mg alloys with both high strength and ductility.This article provided a fundamental overview of heterostructured materials and systematically reviewed the recent research progress in the design of Mg alloys with strength-ductility balance based on heterostructure principles.The review encompassed various aspects,including preparation methods,formation mechanisms of diverse heterostructures,and mechanical properties,both within domestic and international contexts.On this basis,the article discussed the challenges encountered in the design and fabrication of heterostructured Mg alloys,as well as the urgent issues that require attention and resolution in the future.展开更多
AIM: To study the abnormal cytokeratin (CK) expression,emergence of CK19 with or without CK7, in liver parenchymal cells and the role of laminin (LN), a basement membrane protein, in this process.METHODS: Six hepatoce...AIM: To study the abnormal cytokeratin (CK) expression,emergence of CK19 with or without CK7, in liver parenchymal cells and the role of laminin (LN), a basement membrane protein, in this process.METHODS: Six hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines were examined for different CKs, LN and its receptor by immunocytochemistry and Western blotting. Double immunofluorescent reaction, laser-scanning confocal microscopy and an in vitro induction procedure were used to demonstrate the role of LN in regulating CK19 expression in these cells.RESULTS: Immunoreactivities for CK8, CK18, CK7 and the receptor for LN were observed in all the six HCC cell lines examined. However, CK19 was merely found in four of the six cell lines, and was in any case associated with LN expression. Laser-scanning confocal microscopydemonstrated the concomitant presence of these two molecules in most of the positive cells. In the two HCC cell lines, originally negative for CK19, addition of LN to the culture medium resulted in an induction of CK19 in a dosedependent manner. Both the artificially induced and the intrinsic production of CK19 were completely blocked by an antibody to LN.CONCLUSION: LN can induce expression of CK19 in HCC cells in vitro, providing direct evidence for our hypothesis that the abnormal hepatocytic CK19 expression in situ is due to pathologic LN deposition.展开更多
Weakly-coupled mode division multiplexing(MDM)technique is considered a promising candidate to enhance the capacity of an optical transmission system,in which mode multiplexers/demultiplexers(MMUX/MDEMUX)with low inse...Weakly-coupled mode division multiplexing(MDM)technique is considered a promising candidate to enhance the capacity of an optical transmission system,in which mode multiplexers/demultiplexers(MMUX/MDEMUX)with low insertion loss and modal crosstalk are the key components.In this paper,a low-modal-crosstalk 4-mode MMUX/MDEMUX for the weakly-coupled triple-ring-core few-mode fiber(TRC-FMF)is designed and fabricated with side-polishing processing.The measurement results show that a pair of MMUX/MDEMUX and 25 km weakly-coupled TRC-FMF MDM link achieve low modal crosstalk of lower than−17.5 dB and insertion loss of lower than 11.56 dB for all the four modes.Based on the TRC-FMF and all-fiber MMUX/MDEMUX,an experiment for 25 km real-time 4-mode 3-λwavelength division multiplexing(WDM)-MDM transmission is conducted using commercial 400G optical transport network(OTN)transceivers.The experimental results prove weakly-coupled MDM techniques facilitate a smooth upgrade of the optical transmission system.展开更多
Host defense peptides(HDPs)are small molecules with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities against infectious bacteria,viruses,and fungi.Increasing evidence suggests that HDPs can also indirectly protect hosts by mod...Host defense peptides(HDPs)are small molecules with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities against infectious bacteria,viruses,and fungi.Increasing evidence suggests that HDPs can also indirectly protect hosts by modulating their immune responses.Due to these dual roles,HDPs have been considered one of the most promising antibiotic substitutes to improve growth performance,intestinal health,and immunity in farm animals.This review describes the antimicrobial and immunomodulatory roles of host defense peptides and their recent applications in animal production.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the immune function of dendritic cells from both peripheral blood and operated tissues of esophageal carcinoma patients in order to find the relationship between the immune function of dendritic ce...AIM: To investigate the immune function of dendritic cells from both peripheral blood and operated tissues of esophageal carcinoma patients in order to find the relationship between the immune function of dendritic cells and the pathogenesis of esophageal carcinoma. METHODS: The expression of CD83, CD80, and CD86 on the surface of dendritic cells cultured from the peripheral blood of patients was detected compared with that from health donors using flow cytometry. The ability of dendritic cells to induce T lymphocyte proliferation was evaluated by a liquid scintillation counter. The expression of CD80, CD86, CD83, and S-100 proteins was assessed in esophageal carcinoma tissues using immunohistochemical method. RESULTS: Compared with those from healthy donors, dendirtic cells cultured from the peripheral blood of patients expressed lower CDS0 and CD86. Furthermore, the ability of dendritic cells in patients to induce T lymphocyte proliferation was significantly lower than that of the control group. Compared with the control group, the positive expression ratio and frequencies of CDS0, CD86, and S100 in esophageal carcinoma tissues were significantly down regulated. The expression of CD83 was up-regulated in the pericancerous tissues, but no expression was found in the cancerous nodules. CONCLUSION: The impaired immune function and the decreased number of dendritic cells cause pathogenesis and progression of esophageal carcinoma.展开更多
Minimally invasive endoscopic resection has been rapidly adopted as a new technique for treating patientswith gastric submucosal tumors （SMTs） originating in the muscularis propria （MP） layer. This study was condu...Minimally invasive endoscopic resection has been rapidly adopted as a new technique for treating patientswith gastric submucosal tumors （SMTs） originating in the muscularis propria （MP） layer. This study was conducted toevaluate the information obtained from endoscopic ultrasonography （EUS） to determine the appropriate endoscopicdissection method for treating SMTs originating in the MP layer. Between February 2014 and May 2016, a total of 50patients with gastric SMTs originating in the MP layer were enrolled in this study. The clinical features of the patientsand their endoscopic, EUS, and histopathologic findings, as well as their postoperative follow-up data, were analyzedin this retrospective study. The mean age of the patients was （55.0±10.2） years, and the male/female ratio was 17：33.Endoscopic submucosal dissection （ESD） was performed on 43 patients and an endoscopic full-thickness resection（EFR） was performed on seven patients. The most frequent location for an SMT was in the upper body region of thestomach （n=16）, and the most common pathological diagnosis was a gastrointestinal stromal tumor （GIST） （n=32）.The overall rates for complete resection were 95.3% （41/43） and 100.0% （7/7） when the SMTs were treated by ESDand EFR, respectively. The presence of a complete tumor capsule was significantly associated with a complete re-section （P=0.001）. Of the cases treated by ESD, nine patients developed perforation, one of whom required laparo-scopic surgery. The remaining patients were closed with clips or purse-string sutures. The presence of an MP2-typetumor （P=0.018） and a wide connection with the MP layer （P=0.044） were significantly associated with perforation. Apreoperative evaluation of the integrity and the location of a tumor capsule and the length of the tumor connection withthe MP layer by EUS can improve the complete resection rate and reduce the occurrence of intraoperative complica-tions. Tumors with a complete capsule originating from the s展开更多
A new nitro tetrahydronprotoberberins alkaloid, 1-nitro-apocavidine was isolated from Corydalis saxicola Bunting. The structure was established by spectroscopic methods.
Privacy preservation has recently received considerable attention for location-based mobile services. A lot of location cloaking approaches focus on identity and location protection, but few algorithms pay attention t...Privacy preservation has recently received considerable attention for location-based mobile services. A lot of location cloaking approaches focus on identity and location protection, but few algorithms pay attention to prevent sensitive information disclosure using query semantics. In terms of personalized privacy requirements, all queries in a cloaking set, from some user＇s point of view, are sensitive. These users regard the privacy is breached. This attack is called as the sensitivity homogeneity attack. We show that none of the existing location cloaking approaches can effectively resolve this problem over road networks. We propose a （K, L, P）-anonymity model and a personalized privacy protection cloaking algorithm over road networks, aiming at protecting the identity, location and sensitive information for each user. The main idea of our method is first to partition users into different groups as anonymity requirements. Then, unsafe groups are adjusted by inserting relaxed conservative users considering sensitivity requirements. Finally, segments covered by each group are published to protect location information. The efficiency and effectiveness of the method are validated by a series of carefully designed experiments. The experimental results also show that the price paid for defending against sensitivity homogeneity attacks is small.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Key Project,No.30130220
文摘AIM: To observe the effect of compound Biejiaruangan decoction (CBJRGC) (composite prescription of Carapax trionycis for softening the liver) on proliferation, activation,excretion of collagen and cytokine of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and to find the mechanism of prevention and treatment of hepatic fibrosis by CBJRGC.METHODS: Using MTT, immunohistochemistry and image analysis technology, the related indexes for proliferation,activation, excretion of collagen and cytokine of hepatic stellate cells were detected in 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after adminstration of different dosages of CBJRGC.RESULTS: Statistical analysis showed that serum collected from rat perfused with CBJRGC could restrain the proliferation of HSC in 48 h and 72 h especially in high and medium dosage groups, markedly decrease the expression of desmin, synapsin and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) in HSC in 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, as well as the expression of μ-SMA, collagen III, TIMP and TGFβ1 in 48 h and 72 h, decrease the excretion of collagen I in 72 h.CBJRGC serum had no significant effect on collagens I, III and TIMP in 24 h.CONCLUSION: CBJRGC serum has a good curative effect on hepatic fibrosis. Its main mechanism may be related to the following factors. The drug serum can restrain the proliferation and activation of HSC, decrease the number of activated HSC and the total number of HSC, the excretion of collagens I, III, enhance the degradation of collagen and restore the balance of synthesis and degradation of collagen,inhibit the expression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβI) and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) in HSC,block and delay the process of hepatic fibrosis. Synapsin is a new marker of activation of HSC, which provides a theoretical and testing basis for neural regulation in the developing process of hepatic fibrosis.
基金Supported by Shanghai Science Development Foundation,No.004119044
文摘AIM: To detect the markers of oval cells in adult rat liver and to enrich them for further analysis of characterization in vitro.METHODS: Rat model for hepatic oval cell proliferation was established with 2-acetylaminofluorene and two third partial hepatectomy (2-AAF/PH). Paraffin embedded rat liver sections from model (11 d after hepatectomy) and control groups were stained with HE and OV6, cytokeratin19 (CK19),albumin, alpha fetoprotein (AFP), connexin43, and c-kit antibodies by immunohistochemistry. Oval cell proliferation was measured with BrdU incorporation test. C-kit positive oval cells were enriched by using magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) .The sorted oval cells were cultured in a low density to observe colony formation and to examine their characterization in vitroby immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR.RESULTS: A 2-AAF/PH model was successfully established to activate the oval cell compartment in rat liver. BrdU incorporation test of oval cell was positive. The hepatic oval cells coexpressed oval cell specific marker OV6, hepatocytemarker albumin and cholangiocyte-marker CK19. They also expressed AFP and connexin 43. C-kit, one hematopoietic stem cell receptor, was expressed in hepatic oval cells at high levels. By using c-kit antibody in conjunction with MACS,we developed a rapid oval cell isolation protocol. The sorted cells formed colony when cultured in vitro. Cells in the colony expressed albumin or CK19 or coexpressed both and BrdU incorporation test was positive. RT-PCR on colony showed expression of albumin and CK19 gene.CONCLUSION: Hepatic oval cells in the 2-AAF/PH model had the properties of hepatic stem/progenitor cells. Using MACS, we established a method to isolate oval cells. The sorted hepatic oval cells can form colony in vitro which expresses different combinations of phenotypic markers and genes from both hepatocytes and cholangiocyte lineage.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30200368 and Shanghai Commission of Science and Technology,No.02DZ19150-3 and key program of Shanghai and State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China
文摘AIM:To investigate the effect of acupuncture and moxibustion on epithelial cell apoptosis and expression of Bcl-2, Bax, fas and FasL proteins in rat ulcerative colitis.METHODS:A rat model of ulcerative colitis was estabelished by immunological methods and local stimulation. All rats were randomly divided into model control group (MC),electro-acupuncture group (EA), herbs-partition moxibustion group (HPM). Normal rats were used as normal control group (NC). Epithelial cell apoptosis and expression of Bcl-2, Bax, fas and FasL proteins were detected by TUNEL and immunohistochemiscal method respectively.RESULTS: The number of epithelial cell apoptosis in MC was significantly higher than that in NC,and was markedly decreased after the treatment with herbs-partition moxibustion or electro-acupuncture. The expression of Bcl-2, Bax, fas and FasL in colonic epithelial cells in MC was higher than that in NC, and was markedly down- regulated by herbs-partition moxibustion or electro-acupuncture treatment.CONCLUSION: The pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis in rats involves abnormality of apoptosis. Acupuncture and moxibustion can regulate the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, fas and FasL proteins and inhibit the apoptosis of epithelial cells of ulcerative colitis in rats by Bcl-2/Bax, fas/FasL pathways.
基金grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.39925020State Key Basic Research Program,No.G 1998051204
文摘AIM: To investigate the putative role of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the carcinogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in China.METHODS: Twenty-three esophageal squamous cell carcinoma samples and the distal normal epithelium from Shanxi Province, and 25 more esophageal squamous cell carcinoma samples from Anyang city, two areas with a high incidence of esophageal cancer in China, were detected for the existence of HPV-16 DNA by PCR, mRNA in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) targeting HPV-16 E6 gene.
RESULTS: There were approximately 64 % (31/48) patients having HPV-16 DNA in tumor samples, among them nearly twothirds (19/31) samples were detected with mRNA expression of HPV-16 E6. However, in the normal esophageal epithelium from cancer patients, the DNA and mRNA of HPV-16 were found with much less rate: 34.7 % (8/23) and 26.1% (6/23) respectively.In addition, at protein level detected by IHC assay, 27.1% (13/48) tumor samples had virus oncoprotein E6 expression, while only one case of normal epithelium was found positive.CONCLUSION: HPV infection, especially type 16, should be considered as a risk factor for esophageal malignancies in China.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,No.2001.010593,2002.020097 and Key Science and Technology Research Project of Guangzhou,No.B012000-X-005-01-05
文摘AIM: To study oval cells' pathological characteristics and relationship with the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); to observe the form and structural characteristics of oval cells; to explore the expression characteristics of C-kit, PCNA mRNA and c-mycgene during the occurrence and development of HCC and the effect of ulinastatin (UTI) on C-kit and PCNA expression.METHODS: One hundred and twenty-five SD rats fed on 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB) to construct HCC models were divided into control group, cancer-inducing group and UTI intervention group. In each group, rat liver samples were collected at weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22 and 24 respectively to study pathological distribution characteristics of oval cells in the process of carcinogenesis under optical microscope. Oval cells were separated by the methods of improved density gradient centrifugation and their structural characteristics were observed under optical microscope and electronic microscope respectively; the oval cells expressing C-kit and PCNA in the collected samples were observed by the methods of immunohistochemistry and image analysis and the expression of c-myc mRNA was also detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).RESULTS: Oval cells proliferated firstly in the portal area then gradually migrated into hepatic parenchyma in the inducing group and intervention group. The oval cells distributed inside and outside the carcinoma nodes. The oval cells presented the characteristics of undifferentiated cells: a high ratio of nucleolus and cellular plasm and obvious nucleoli, rare organelle in plasm. Only a few mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum and some villuslike apophysis on surface of cells could be seen. Cells stained with C-kit and PCNA antibody were mainly oval cells distributed in the portal area. The expression of cmyc mRNA increased with the progression of HCC.However, in the intervention group, UTI could retard its increase.CONCLUSION: Oval cells work throughout the development of HCC,
基金Supported by Grants from the Major State Basic Research Development Program Foundation of China,No.G2000057010 and G 1999053901 and Grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30271438 and 30300424 and Grant from the Key Laborator
文摘AIM: Mitotic cell death has been focused on in tumor therapy.However, the precise mechanisms underlying it remain unclear. We have reported previously that enediyne antibiotic lidamycin induces mitotic cell death at low concentrations in human epithelial tumor cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible link between centrosome dynamics and lidamycin-induced mitotic cell death in human hepatoma BEL-7402 cells.METHODS: Growth curve was established by Ml-l assay.Cell multinucleation was detected by staining with Hoechst 33342. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle.Aberrant centrosomes were detected by indirect immunofluorescence. Western blot and senescenceassociated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining were used to analyze protein expression and senescence-like phenotype,respectively.RESULTS: Exposure of BEL-7402 cells to a low concentration of lidamycin resulted in an increase in cells containing multiple centrosomes in association with the appearance of mitotic cell death and activation of SA-β-gal in some cells, accompanied by the changes of protein expression for the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis. The mitochondrial signaling pathway, one of the major apoptotic pathways, was not activated during mitotic cell death. The aberrant centrosomes contributed to the multipolar mitotic spindles formation, which might lead to an unbalanced division of chromosomes and mitotic cell death characterized by the manifestation of multi- or micronucleated giant cells.Cell cycle analysis revealed that the lidamycin treatment provoked the retardation at G2/M phase, which might be involved in the centrosome overduplication.CONCLUSION: Mitotic cell death and senescence can be induced by treatment of BEL-7402 cells with a low concentration of lidamycin. Centrosome dysregulation may play a critical role in mitotic failure and ultimate cell death following exposure to intermediate dose of lidamycin.
文摘This paper describes the data release of the LAMOST pilot survey, which includes data reduction, calibration, spectral analysis, data products and data access. The accuracy of the released data and the information about the FITS headers of spectra are also introduced. The released data set includes 319 000 spectra and a catalog of these objects.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China 863 Program,No.2001AA218011
文摘AIM: To evaluate the effect of aclacinomycin A-loaded magnetic polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles on gastric tumor growth in vivo and in vitro.METHODS: Magnetic polybutylcyanoacrylate (PBCA)nanospheres encapsulated with aclacinomycin A (MPNS-ACM) were prepared by interracial polymerization. Particle size, shape and drug content were examined. Female BABL/c nude mice were implanted with MKN-45 gastric carcinoma tissues subcutaneously to establish human gastric carcinoma model. The mice were randomly divided into 5 groups of 6 each: ACM group (8 mg/kg bin); group of high dosage of MPNS-ACM (8 mg/kg bin); group of low dosage of MPNS-ACM (1.6 mg/kg bin); group of magnetic PBCA nanosphere (MPNS) and control group(normal saline). Magnets (2.5 T) were implanted into the tumor masses in all of the mice one day before the therapy.Above-mentioned drugs were administered intravenously to the mice of every group on the first day and sixth day.When the mice were sacrificed, tumor weight was measured, and the assay of granulocyte- macrophage colony forming-unit (CFU-GM) was performed on semi-solid culture. White blood cell, alanine aminotransferase and creatine were examined. 3-[4-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) was used to examine the viability of MKN-45 cells afger incubation with different concentrations of ACM, MPNS and MPNS-ACM suspension respectively for 48 h.RESULTS: Content of ACM in MPNS-ACM was 12.0% and the average diameter of the particles was 210 nm. The inhibitory rates of ACM (8 mg/kg bin), high dosage of MPNS-ACM (8 mg/kg bin), low dosage of MPNS-ACM (1.6 mg/kg bin)and MPNS on human gastric carcinoma in nude mice were 22.63%, 52.55%, 30.66% and 10.22%, respectively. There was a significant decrease in the number of CFU-GM of bone marrow in ACM group compared with control group,whereas no obvious change was observed in that of the nanosphere groups. The values of 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) of ACM, MPNS and MPNS-ACM were 0.09, 97.78 and 1.07 μg/mL, respectively.CONCLUSION:
文摘AIM: To evaluate the causes and the relative factors of recurrent acute pancreatitis.METHODS: From 1997 to 2000, acute pancreatitis relapsed in 77 of 245 acute pancreatitis patients. By reviewing the clinical treatment results and the follow-up data, we analyzed the recurrent factors of acute pancreatitis using univariate analysis and multivariate analysis.RESULTS: Of the 245 acute pancreatitis patients, 77 were patients with recurrent acute pancreatitis. Of them, 56 patients relapsed two times, 19 relapsed three times, each patient relapsed three and four times. Forty-seven patients relapsed in hospital and the other 30 patients relapsed after discharge. Eighteen patients relapsed in 1 year, eight relapsed in 1-3 years, and four relapsed after 3 years. There were 48 cases of biliary pancreatitis, 3 of alcohol pancreatitis, 5 of hyperlipidemia pancreatitis, 21 of idiopathic pancreatitis. Univariate analysis showed that the patients with local complications of pancreas, obstructive jaundice and hepatic function injury were easy to recur during the treatment period of acute pancreatitis (P = 0.022＜0.05, P = 0.012＜0.05 and P = 0.002＜0.05, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that there was no single factor related to recurrence. Of the 47 patients who had recurrence in hospital, 16 had recurrence in a fast period, 31 after refeeding. CONCLUSION: Acute pancreatitis is easy to recur even during treatment. The factors such as changes of pancreas structure and uncontrolled systemic inflammatory reaction are responsible for the recurrence of acute pancreatitis. Early refeeding increases the recurrence of acute pancreatitis. Defining the etiology is essential for reducing the recurrence of acute pancreatitis.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.39170440
文摘AIM: To study the alteration of nuclear matrix proteins (NMPs) in gastric cancer. METHODS: The NMPs extracted from 22 cases of gastric cancer and normal gastric tissues were investigated by SDS-PAGE technique and the data were analyzed using Genetools analysis software. RESULTS: Compared with normal gastric tissue, the expression of 30 ku and 28 ku NMPs in gastric cancer decreased significantly (P=-0.002, P=0.001, P<0.05). No significant difference was found in the expression of the two NMPs between the various differentiated grades (P=0.947, P=-0.356) and clinical stages of gastric cancer (P=0.920, P=-0.243, P＞0.05). CONCLUSION: The results suggested that the alteration of NMPs in gastric cancer occurred at the early stage of gastric cancer development.
基金supported by the Deanship of Scientific Research,King Abdulaziz University(41-130-36-Hi Ci)
文摘The graphene oxides （GOs） have attracted multidisciplinary study because of their special physicochemical properties. The high surface area and large amounts of oxygen-containing functional groups make GOs suitable materials for the efficient elimination of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. Herein the sorption of Ni（Ⅱ） on GOs was studied using batch experi- ments, and the results showed that the sorption of Ni（Ⅱ） is strongly dependent on pH and ionic strength at pH〈8, and inde- pendent of ionic strength at pH〉8. The sorption of Ni（Ⅱ） is mainly dominated by outer-sphere surface complexation and ion exchange at low pH, and by inner-sphere surface complexation at high pH. The interaction of Ni（Ⅱ） with GOs was also inves- tigated by theoretical density functional theory （DFT） calculations, and the results show that the sorption of Ni（Ⅱ） on GOs is mainly attributed to the -COH and -COC groups and the DFT calculations show that Ni（Ⅱ） forms stable GO_Ni_triplet struc- ture with the binding energy of -39.44 kcal/mol, which is in good agreement with the batch sorption experimental results. The results are important for the application of GOs as adsorbents in the efficient removal of Ni（Ⅱ） from wastewater in environ- mental pollution cleanup.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.39900143
文摘AIM: To detect the expression of Fas ligand (FasL) in colon cancer tissues and cell lines and analyze the function of FasL-expressing colon cancer cells in inducing Fas-sensitive T lymphocyte apoptosis. METHODS: Ninety surgically resected colon cancer tissues and 15 hepatic metastasis specimens were investigatedby immunohistochemical method with normal colon mucosa and colon adenoma as control. The relationship between FasL expression and pathologic features was also analyzed.FasL expression of 4 colon cancer cell lines, SW620, Lovo, LS-174T and SW1116, were detected by Western blotting assay. The function of FasL expressed on colon cancer cells was determined by coculture assay with Jurkat T lymphocytes, the apoptotic rate of which was detectedby flow cytometry assay.RESULTS: Fifty-six (62.22%) cases of all the 90 colon cancer tissues and all (100%) the liver metastasis specimens expressed FasL, significantly higher than normal colon mucosa and colonic adenoma. Higher expression of FasL was found in more advanced stage of colon cancer and in cancer tissues with lymphatic or hepatic metastasis.All the colon cancer cell lines were found to express FasL.After coculture with the SW1116 cells for 24 h with an effector: target ratio 10:1, the rate of apoptosis of Jurkat cells rose from 1.9% to 21.0%.CONCLUSION: The expression of FasL is upregulated in colon cancer and the functionally expressed FasL can induce apoptosis of Fas-expressing T lymphocytes.
基金supported by Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(No.202201BE070001-014)Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Hubei University of Automotive Technology(No.BK202336)+4 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52071035)Program for Science and Technology Innovation Team in Colleges of Hubei Province(No.T2021012)Outstanding Young Scientific&Technological Innovation Team Plan of Colleges and Universities in Hubei Province(No.T201518 and No.T201811)Major Science and Technology Project of Hubei Province(No.2022AAA001)Key R&D Project of Hubei Province(No.2021BAB019)。
文摘In recent years,a new class of metallic materials featuring heterogeneous structures has emerged.These materials consist of distinct soft and hard domains with significant differences in mechanical properties,allowing them to maintain high strength while offering superior ductility.Magnesium(Mg)alloys,renowned for their low density,high specific strength,exceptional vibration damping,and electromagnetic shielding properties,exhibit tremendous potential as lightweight and functional materials.Despite their advantageous properties,high-strength Mg alloys often suffer from limited ductility.However,the emergence of heterogeneous materials provides a fresh perspective for the development of Mg alloys with both high strength and ductility.This article provided a fundamental overview of heterostructured materials and systematically reviewed the recent research progress in the design of Mg alloys with strength-ductility balance based on heterostructure principles.The review encompassed various aspects,including preparation methods,formation mechanisms of diverse heterostructures,and mechanical properties,both within domestic and international contexts.On this basis,the article discussed the challenges encountered in the design and fabrication of heterostructured Mg alloys,as well as the urgent issues that require attention and resolution in the future.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC), Grants No.39470778 and No.30171052
文摘AIM: To study the abnormal cytokeratin (CK) expression,emergence of CK19 with or without CK7, in liver parenchymal cells and the role of laminin (LN), a basement membrane protein, in this process.METHODS: Six hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines were examined for different CKs, LN and its receptor by immunocytochemistry and Western blotting. Double immunofluorescent reaction, laser-scanning confocal microscopy and an in vitro induction procedure were used to demonstrate the role of LN in regulating CK19 expression in these cells.RESULTS: Immunoreactivities for CK8, CK18, CK7 and the receptor for LN were observed in all the six HCC cell lines examined. However, CK19 was merely found in four of the six cell lines, and was in any case associated with LN expression. Laser-scanning confocal microscopydemonstrated the concomitant presence of these two molecules in most of the positive cells. In the two HCC cell lines, originally negative for CK19, addition of LN to the culture medium resulted in an induction of CK19 in a dosedependent manner. Both the artificially induced and the intrinsic production of CK19 were completely blocked by an antibody to LN.CONCLUSION: LN can induce expression of CK19 in HCC cells in vitro, providing direct evidence for our hypothesis that the abnormal hepatocytic CK19 expression in situ is due to pathologic LN deposition.
基金supported in part by the ZTE Industry-University-Institute Cooperation Funds.
文摘Weakly-coupled mode division multiplexing(MDM)technique is considered a promising candidate to enhance the capacity of an optical transmission system,in which mode multiplexers/demultiplexers(MMUX/MDEMUX)with low insertion loss and modal crosstalk are the key components.In this paper,a low-modal-crosstalk 4-mode MMUX/MDEMUX for the weakly-coupled triple-ring-core few-mode fiber(TRC-FMF)is designed and fabricated with side-polishing processing.The measurement results show that a pair of MMUX/MDEMUX and 25 km weakly-coupled TRC-FMF MDM link achieve low modal crosstalk of lower than−17.5 dB and insertion loss of lower than 11.56 dB for all the four modes.Based on the TRC-FMF and all-fiber MMUX/MDEMUX,an experiment for 25 km real-time 4-mode 3-λwavelength division multiplexing(WDM)-MDM transmission is conducted using commercial 400G optical transport network(OTN)transceivers.The experimental results prove weakly-coupled MDM techniques facilitate a smooth upgrade of the optical transmission system.
文摘Host defense peptides(HDPs)are small molecules with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities against infectious bacteria,viruses,and fungi.Increasing evidence suggests that HDPs can also indirectly protect hosts by modulating their immune responses.Due to these dual roles,HDPs have been considered one of the most promising antibiotic substitutes to improve growth performance,intestinal health,and immunity in farm animals.This review describes the antimicrobial and immunomodulatory roles of host defense peptides and their recent applications in animal production.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Office of Guangdong Province,No.0144
文摘AIM: To investigate the immune function of dendritic cells from both peripheral blood and operated tissues of esophageal carcinoma patients in order to find the relationship between the immune function of dendritic cells and the pathogenesis of esophageal carcinoma. METHODS: The expression of CD83, CD80, and CD86 on the surface of dendritic cells cultured from the peripheral blood of patients was detected compared with that from health donors using flow cytometry. The ability of dendritic cells to induce T lymphocyte proliferation was evaluated by a liquid scintillation counter. The expression of CD80, CD86, CD83, and S-100 proteins was assessed in esophageal carcinoma tissues using immunohistochemical method. RESULTS: Compared with those from healthy donors, dendirtic cells cultured from the peripheral blood of patients expressed lower CDS0 and CD86. Furthermore, the ability of dendritic cells in patients to induce T lymphocyte proliferation was significantly lower than that of the control group. Compared with the control group, the positive expression ratio and frequencies of CDS0, CD86, and S100 in esophageal carcinoma tissues were significantly down regulated. The expression of CD83 was up-regulated in the pericancerous tissues, but no expression was found in the cancerous nodules. CONCLUSION: The impaired immune function and the decreased number of dendritic cells cause pathogenesis and progression of esophageal carcinoma.
文摘Minimally invasive endoscopic resection has been rapidly adopted as a new technique for treating patientswith gastric submucosal tumors （SMTs） originating in the muscularis propria （MP） layer. This study was conducted toevaluate the information obtained from endoscopic ultrasonography （EUS） to determine the appropriate endoscopicdissection method for treating SMTs originating in the MP layer. Between February 2014 and May 2016, a total of 50patients with gastric SMTs originating in the MP layer were enrolled in this study. The clinical features of the patientsand their endoscopic, EUS, and histopathologic findings, as well as their postoperative follow-up data, were analyzedin this retrospective study. The mean age of the patients was （55.0±10.2） years, and the male/female ratio was 17：33.Endoscopic submucosal dissection （ESD） was performed on 43 patients and an endoscopic full-thickness resection（EFR） was performed on seven patients. The most frequent location for an SMT was in the upper body region of thestomach （n=16）, and the most common pathological diagnosis was a gastrointestinal stromal tumor （GIST） （n=32）.The overall rates for complete resection were 95.3% （41/43） and 100.0% （7/7） when the SMTs were treated by ESDand EFR, respectively. The presence of a complete tumor capsule was significantly associated with a complete re-section （P=0.001）. Of the cases treated by ESD, nine patients developed perforation, one of whom required laparo-scopic surgery. The remaining patients were closed with clips or purse-string sutures. The presence of an MP2-typetumor （P=0.018） and a wide connection with the MP layer （P=0.044） were significantly associated with perforation. Apreoperative evaluation of the integrity and the location of a tumor capsule and the length of the tumor connection withthe MP layer by EUS can improve the complete resection rate and reduce the occurrence of intraoperative complica-tions. Tumors with a complete capsule originating from the s
基金This project was supported by the 863 Foundation of China(NO.2003AA2Z3507)Scientific Foundation ofShanghai China(NO.02DZ19147,01DJ19010).
文摘A new nitro tetrahydronprotoberberins alkaloid, 1-nitro-apocavidine was isolated from Corydalis saxicola Bunting. The structure was established by spectroscopic methods.
文摘Privacy preservation has recently received considerable attention for location-based mobile services. A lot of location cloaking approaches focus on identity and location protection, but few algorithms pay attention to prevent sensitive information disclosure using query semantics. In terms of personalized privacy requirements, all queries in a cloaking set, from some user＇s point of view, are sensitive. These users regard the privacy is breached. This attack is called as the sensitivity homogeneity attack. We show that none of the existing location cloaking approaches can effectively resolve this problem over road networks. We propose a （K, L, P）-anonymity model and a personalized privacy protection cloaking algorithm over road networks, aiming at protecting the identity, location and sensitive information for each user. The main idea of our method is first to partition users into different groups as anonymity requirements. Then, unsafe groups are adjusted by inserting relaxed conservative users considering sensitivity requirements. Finally, segments covered by each group are published to protect location information. The efficiency and effectiveness of the method are validated by a series of carefully designed experiments. The experimental results also show that the price paid for defending against sensitivity homogeneity attacks is small.
