Background:Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration(LCBDE)is one of the minimally invasive options for choledocholithiasis.Primary closure of the common bile duct(CBD)upon completion of laparoscopic choledochotomy is...Background:Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration(LCBDE)is one of the minimally invasive options for choledocholithiasis.Primary closure of the common bile duct(CBD)upon completion of laparoscopic choledochotomy is safe in selected patients.The present study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of primary closure of CBD after LCBDE in patients aged 70 years or older.Methods:A total of 116 patients(51 males and 65 females)who suffered from choledocholithiasis and underwent primary closure of the CBD(without T-tube drainage)after LCBDE from January 2003 to December 2017 were recruited.They were classified into two groups according to age:group A(≥70 years,n=56),and group B(<70 years,n=60).The preoperative characteristics,intraoperative details,and postoperative outcomes of the two groups were evaluated.Results:The mean operative time was 172.02 min for group A and 169.92 min for group B(P=0.853).The mean hospital stay was 7.40 days for group A and 5.38 days for group B(P<0.001).Bile leakage occurred in two patients in group A and one in group B(3.57%vs 1.67%,P=0.952).There were no significant differences in the rates of postoperative complications and mortality between the two groups.At median follow-up time of 60 months,stone recurrence was detected in one patient in group A and two in group B(1.79%vs 3.33%,P=1.000).Stenosis of CBD was not observed in group A and slight stenosis in one patient in group B(0 vs 1.67%,P=1.000).Conclusion:Primary closure of the CBD upon completion of laparoscopic choledochotomy is safe and feasible in elderly patients≥70 years old.展开更多
We investigated the potential hepatoprotective effect of Radix Bupleuri(RB) by inducing acute liver injury(ALI) in an animal model using acetaminophen(APAP) after pretreatment with RB aqueous extract for three consecu...We investigated the potential hepatoprotective effect of Radix Bupleuri(RB) by inducing acute liver injury(ALI) in an animal model using acetaminophen(APAP) after pretreatment with RB aqueous extract for three consecutive days. Compared to those of the APAP group, the biochemical and histological results of the RB pretreatment group showed lower serum aspartate transaminase(AST) and alanine transaminase(ALT) levels as well as less liver damage. Pharmacokinetic study of the toxicity related marker acetaminophen-cysteine(APC) revealed a lower exposure level in rats, suggesting that RB alleviated APAP-induced liver damage by preventing glutathione(GSH) depletion. The results of cocktail approach showed significant inhibition of CYP2 E1 and CYP3 A activity. Further investigation revealed the increasing of CYP2 E1 and CYP3 A protein was significantly inhibited in pretreatment group,while no obvious effect on gene expression was found. Therefore, this study clearly demonstrates that RB exhibited significant protective action against APAP-induced acute live injury via pretreatment, and which is partly through inhibiting the increase of activity and translation of cytochrome P450 enzymes, rather than gene transcription.展开更多
目的分析苏州市姑苏区苏锦街道老年骨质疏松症(osteoporosis,OP)的流行病学和相关影响因素。方法采用分层随机抽样方式,选取2017年6月至2018年5月苏州市姑苏区苏锦街道的1500例社区居民进行问卷调查,并进行骨密度测定,通过回归分析探讨O...目的分析苏州市姑苏区苏锦街道老年骨质疏松症(osteoporosis,OP)的流行病学和相关影响因素。方法采用分层随机抽样方式,选取2017年6月至2018年5月苏州市姑苏区苏锦街道的1500例社区居民进行问卷调查,并进行骨密度测定,通过回归分析探讨OP发生的相关影响因素。结果所有研究对象股骨OP总患病率为28.00%(420/1500),其中男性股骨OP患病率[4.53%(68/1500)]显著低于女性[23.47%(352/1500)](χ~2=12.448,P <0.001)。男性股骨骨量减少发生率为67.79%(230/355),女性为67.77%(776/1145),两者比较无显著差异(P> 0.05);单因素分析结果显示,性别、体质指数(body mass index,BMI)、吸烟史、饮酒史、每周运动次数、摄入奶类及豆类蛋白是影响OP患者骨密度的因素(P_均<0.01);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,女性、高龄、高BMI、不运动、每周摄入奶量少是OP的独立危险因素。结论女性、高龄、高BMI、不运动及每周摄入奶量少是苏州市姑苏区老年患者发生OP的危险因素,在社区一级预防中应加强患者宣传教育,防控不良因素,降低OP的发生率。展开更多
AIM: To investigate the expression and possible role of the autophagy related protein p62 and LC3 in the retina based on a rat model of acute ocular hypertension.METHODS: Fifty rats were randomized into five groups: c...AIM: To investigate the expression and possible role of the autophagy related protein p62 and LC3 in the retina based on a rat model of acute ocular hypertension.METHODS: Fifty rats were randomized into five groups: control group A, B, C, and D. Groups A to D all received normal saline perfusion into the anterior chamber with pressure of 80 mm Hg for one hour, and retina tissue was obtained at 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after perfusion respectively, to investigate the activation of autophagy following ischemiareperfusion. The distribution and semi-quantification of autophagy related protein p62 and LC3 in the retina were detected using immunohistochemistry technique. The expression level of these two proteins was evaluated using Western blot.RESULTS: The number of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs) decreased with increasing reperfusion time, and significant reduction in the retinal thickness was observed 48 h after perfusion. In normal adult rats, LC3 protein was mainly expressed in the ganglion cell layer(GCL), and p62 protein was expressed in the nerve fiber layer(NFL), GCL, inner plexiform layer(IPL), inner nuclear layer(INL) and outer plexiform layer(OPL). In comparison to the control group, the expression level of LC3-II was higher in all the experimental groups(P<0.05), with the peak expression at 12 h after reperfusion. Additionally, the expression level of p62 was higher in all the experimental groups than the control(P<0.05, except for group A), with the peak level occurred 24 h after reperfusion. CONCLUSION: Both p62 and LC3 show low level and uneven expression in the retina of normal adult rats. Acute ocular hypertension can lead to upregulation of LC3-II and p62 expression in the retina. Autophagy flux is damaged 12 h after reperfusion, potentially resulting in further loss of RGCs.展开更多
Natural products have long been a crucial source of,or provided inspiration for new agrochemical discovery.Naturally occurring 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid shows broad-spectrum bioactivities and is a potential skeleton fo...Natural products have long been a crucial source of,or provided inspiration for new agrochemical discovery.Naturally occurring 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid shows broad-spectrum bioactivities and is a potential skeleton for novel drug discovery.To extend the utility of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid for agricultural uses,a series of novel 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid amide derivatives were prepared and evaluated for their antibacterial potency.Notably,compound 5k showed good antibacterial activity in vitro against Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae(Xoo,EC50=3.64 mg L–1),and excellent protective activity(54.68%)against Xoo in vivo.Compound 5k induced excessive production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the tested pathogens,resulting in damaging the bacterial cell envelope.More interestingly,compound 5k could increase the activities of plant defense enzymes including catalase,superoxide dismutase,peroxidase,and phenylalanine ammonia lyase.Taken together,these enjoyable results suggested that designed compounds derived from 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid showed potential for controlling intractable plant bacterial diseases by disturbing the balance of the phytopathogen’s redox system and activating the plant defense system.展开更多
文摘Background:Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration(LCBDE)is one of the minimally invasive options for choledocholithiasis.Primary closure of the common bile duct(CBD)upon completion of laparoscopic choledochotomy is safe in selected patients.The present study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of primary closure of CBD after LCBDE in patients aged 70 years or older.Methods:A total of 116 patients(51 males and 65 females)who suffered from choledocholithiasis and underwent primary closure of the CBD(without T-tube drainage)after LCBDE from January 2003 to December 2017 were recruited.They were classified into two groups according to age:group A(≥70 years,n=56),and group B(<70 years,n=60).The preoperative characteristics,intraoperative details,and postoperative outcomes of the two groups were evaluated.Results:The mean operative time was 172.02 min for group A and 169.92 min for group B(P=0.853).The mean hospital stay was 7.40 days for group A and 5.38 days for group B(P<0.001).Bile leakage occurred in two patients in group A and one in group B(3.57%vs 1.67%,P=0.952).There were no significant differences in the rates of postoperative complications and mortality between the two groups.At median follow-up time of 60 months,stone recurrence was detected in one patient in group A and two in group B(1.79%vs 3.33%,P=1.000).Stenosis of CBD was not observed in group A and slight stenosis in one patient in group B(0 vs 1.67%,P=1.000).Conclusion:Primary closure of the CBD upon completion of laparoscopic choledochotomy is safe and feasible in elderly patients≥70 years old.
基金supported by State Project for Essential Drug Research and Development of China(No.20152X09303001)
文摘We investigated the potential hepatoprotective effect of Radix Bupleuri(RB) by inducing acute liver injury(ALI) in an animal model using acetaminophen(APAP) after pretreatment with RB aqueous extract for three consecutive days. Compared to those of the APAP group, the biochemical and histological results of the RB pretreatment group showed lower serum aspartate transaminase(AST) and alanine transaminase(ALT) levels as well as less liver damage. Pharmacokinetic study of the toxicity related marker acetaminophen-cysteine(APC) revealed a lower exposure level in rats, suggesting that RB alleviated APAP-induced liver damage by preventing glutathione(GSH) depletion. The results of cocktail approach showed significant inhibition of CYP2 E1 and CYP3 A activity. Further investigation revealed the increasing of CYP2 E1 and CYP3 A protein was significantly inhibited in pretreatment group,while no obvious effect on gene expression was found. Therefore, this study clearly demonstrates that RB exhibited significant protective action against APAP-induced acute live injury via pretreatment, and which is partly through inhibiting the increase of activity and translation of cytochrome P450 enzymes, rather than gene transcription.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China （60575019）, the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China （863 Program） （2006AA01Zl16）, and Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Innovation Fund For Young Scientists
文摘目的分析苏州市姑苏区苏锦街道老年骨质疏松症(osteoporosis,OP)的流行病学和相关影响因素。方法采用分层随机抽样方式,选取2017年6月至2018年5月苏州市姑苏区苏锦街道的1500例社区居民进行问卷调查,并进行骨密度测定,通过回归分析探讨OP发生的相关影响因素。结果所有研究对象股骨OP总患病率为28.00%(420/1500),其中男性股骨OP患病率[4.53%(68/1500)]显著低于女性[23.47%(352/1500)](χ~2=12.448,P <0.001)。男性股骨骨量减少发生率为67.79%(230/355),女性为67.77%(776/1145),两者比较无显著差异(P> 0.05);单因素分析结果显示,性别、体质指数(body mass index,BMI)、吸烟史、饮酒史、每周运动次数、摄入奶类及豆类蛋白是影响OP患者骨密度的因素(P_均<0.01);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,女性、高龄、高BMI、不运动、每周摄入奶量少是OP的独立危险因素。结论女性、高龄、高BMI、不运动及每周摄入奶量少是苏州市姑苏区老年患者发生OP的危险因素,在社区一级预防中应加强患者宣传教育,防控不良因素,降低OP的发生率。
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(No.2016J01525)
文摘AIM: To investigate the expression and possible role of the autophagy related protein p62 and LC3 in the retina based on a rat model of acute ocular hypertension.METHODS: Fifty rats were randomized into five groups: control group A, B, C, and D. Groups A to D all received normal saline perfusion into the anterior chamber with pressure of 80 mm Hg for one hour, and retina tissue was obtained at 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after perfusion respectively, to investigate the activation of autophagy following ischemiareperfusion. The distribution and semi-quantification of autophagy related protein p62 and LC3 in the retina were detected using immunohistochemistry technique. The expression level of these two proteins was evaluated using Western blot.RESULTS: The number of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs) decreased with increasing reperfusion time, and significant reduction in the retinal thickness was observed 48 h after perfusion. In normal adult rats, LC3 protein was mainly expressed in the ganglion cell layer(GCL), and p62 protein was expressed in the nerve fiber layer(NFL), GCL, inner plexiform layer(IPL), inner nuclear layer(INL) and outer plexiform layer(OPL). In comparison to the control group, the expression level of LC3-II was higher in all the experimental groups(P<0.05), with the peak expression at 12 h after reperfusion. Additionally, the expression level of p62 was higher in all the experimental groups than the control(P<0.05, except for group A), with the peak level occurred 24 h after reperfusion. CONCLUSION: Both p62 and LC3 show low level and uneven expression in the retina of normal adult rats. Acute ocular hypertension can lead to upregulation of LC3-II and p62 expression in the retina. Autophagy flux is damaged 12 h after reperfusion, potentially resulting in further loss of RGCs.
基金fundings provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21877021 and 32160661)the Guizhou Provincial S&T Program[(2018)4007]the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities of China(D20023,111 Program).
文摘Natural products have long been a crucial source of,or provided inspiration for new agrochemical discovery.Naturally occurring 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid shows broad-spectrum bioactivities and is a potential skeleton for novel drug discovery.To extend the utility of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid for agricultural uses,a series of novel 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid amide derivatives were prepared and evaluated for their antibacterial potency.Notably,compound 5k showed good antibacterial activity in vitro against Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae(Xoo,EC50=3.64 mg L–1),and excellent protective activity(54.68%)against Xoo in vivo.Compound 5k induced excessive production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the tested pathogens,resulting in damaging the bacterial cell envelope.More interestingly,compound 5k could increase the activities of plant defense enzymes including catalase,superoxide dismutase,peroxidase,and phenylalanine ammonia lyase.Taken together,these enjoyable results suggested that designed compounds derived from 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid showed potential for controlling intractable plant bacterial diseases by disturbing the balance of the phytopathogen’s redox system and activating the plant defense system.
