PANoptosis is a newly identified type of regulated cell death that consists of pyroptosis,apoptosis,and nec roptosis,which simultaneously occur during the pathophysiological process of infectious and inflammatory dise...PANoptosis is a newly identified type of regulated cell death that consists of pyroptosis,apoptosis,and nec roptosis,which simultaneously occur during the pathophysiological process of infectious and inflammatory diseases.Although our previous lite rature mining study suggested that PANoptosis might occur in neuronal ischemia/repe rfusion injury,little experimental research has been reported on the existence of PANoptosis.In this study,we used in vivo and in vitro retinal neuronal models of ischemia/repe rfusion injury to investigate whether PAN optosis-like cell death(simultaneous occurrence of pyroptosis,apo ptosis,and necroptosis)exists in retinal neuronal ischemia/repe rfusion injury.Our results showed that ischemia/repe rfusion injury induced changes in morphological features and protein levels that indicate PANoptosis-like cell death in retinal neurons both in vitro and in vivo.Ischemia/repe rfusion inju ry also significantly upregulated caspase-1,caspase-8,and NLRP3 expression,which are important components of the PANoptosome.These results indicate the existence of PANoptosis-like cell death in ischemia/reperfusion injury of retinal neurons and provide preliminary experimental evidence for future study of this new type of regulated cell death.展开更多
One-step conversion of methane and formaldehyde into ethanol is a 100% atom-efficient process for carbon resources utilization and environment protection but still faces eminent challenges due to the lacking of effici...One-step conversion of methane and formaldehyde into ethanol is a 100% atom-efficient process for carbon resources utilization and environment protection but still faces eminent challenges due to the lacking of efficient catalysts. Therefore, developing active and stable catalysts is crucial for the co-conversion of methane and formaldehyde. Herein, twelve kinds of “Single-Atom”-“Frustrated Lewis Pair”(SA-FLP)dual-active-site catalysts are designed for the direct conversion of methane and formaldehyde to ethanol based on density functional theory(DFT) calculations and microkinetic simulations. The results show that the SA-FLP dual active sites can simultaneously activate methane at the SA site and activate formaldehyde at the FLP site. Among the twelve designed SA-FLP catalysts, Fe1-FLP shows the best performance in the co-conversion of methane and formaldehyde to ethanol with the rate-determining barrier of 1.15 e V.Ethanol is proved as the main product with the turnover frequency of 1.32 × 10^(-4)s^(-1)at 573 K and 3 bar.This work provides a universal strategy to design dual active sites on metal oxide materials and offers new insights into the effective conversion of methane and formaldehyde to desired C_(2) chemicals.展开更多
新型冠状病毒(以下简称新冠病毒,SARS-CoV-2)自2019年12月以来依然在全球流行。作为一种RNA病毒,新冠病毒在流行期间经历了多次的变异。2020年9月首次在英国发现了阿尔法变异株,随后接连有5个变异株被世界卫生组织(World Health Organiz...新型冠状病毒(以下简称新冠病毒,SARS-CoV-2)自2019年12月以来依然在全球流行。作为一种RNA病毒,新冠病毒在流行期间经历了多次的变异。2020年9月首次在英国发现了阿尔法变异株,随后接连有5个变异株被世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)列为“需关注的变异株”,其中2021年11月首次在南非确认的奥密克戎变异株,在被发现后迅速传遍全球成为主要流行株,并产生不同亚株。展开更多
Effect of ball scribing on magnetic Barkhausen noise （MBN） of conventional grain-oriented （CGO） and high- permeability grain-oriented （HGO） electrical steel was investigated. The results showed that after ball s...Effect of ball scribing on magnetic Barkhausen noise （MBN） of conventional grain-oriented （CGO） and high- permeability grain-oriented （HGO） electrical steel was investigated. The results showed that after ball scribing, root mean square of MBN （MBNrms） of CGO electrical steel increased 9.8% with 4 mm scribing spacing at 1.2 T, and that of HGO electrical steel apparently decreased 17.3% with 16 mm scribing spacing at 1.2 T. Through the formation and development of free magnetic poles and secondary magnetic domains due to compressive stress, primary magnetic domain space of grain-oriented electrical steel becomes smaller, which reflects as a variation of MBN in the macroscopic magnetic properties. Through correlation formula derivation of MBNrms and equilibrium distance between domain walls, effect of domain refinement on grain-oriented electrical steel was also interpreted, and optimum equilibrium distance between domain walls was determined.展开更多
The one-step conversion of ethanol to 1,3-butadiene has achieved a breakthrough with the development of beta zeolite supported dual metal catalysts.However,the reaction mechanism from ethanol to butadiene is complex a...The one-step conversion of ethanol to 1,3-butadiene has achieved a breakthrough with the development of beta zeolite supported dual metal catalysts.However,the reaction mechanism from ethanol to butadiene is complex and has not yet been fully elucidated,and no catalyst screening effort has been done based on central metal atoms.In this work,density functional theory(DFT)calculations were employed to study the mechanism of one-step conversion of ethanol to butadiene over ZnY/BEA catalyst.The results show that ethanol dehydrogenation prefers to proceed on Zn site with a reaction energy of 0.77 eV in the rate-determining step,and the aldol condensation to produce butadiene prefers to proceed on Y site with a reaction energy of 0.69 eV in the rate-determining step.Based on the mechanism revealed,six elements were selected to replace Y for screening superior combination of Zn-M/BEA(M=Sn,Nb,Ta,Hf,Zr,Ti;BEA:beta polymorph A)for this reaction.As a result,Zn-Y/BEA(0.69 eV)is proven to be the most preferring catalyst compared with the other six ones,and Zn-Zr/BEA(0.85 eV),Zn-Ti/BEA(0.87 eV),and Zn-Sn/BEA(0.93 eV)can be potential candidates for the conversion of ethanol to butadiene.This work not only provides mechanistic insights into one-step catalytic conversion of ethanol to butadiene over Zn-Y/BEA catalyst but also offers more promising catalyst candidates for this reaction.展开更多
Efect of ball scribing on relative permeability of conventional grain-oriented（CGO） and high permeability grain-oriented（HGO） electrical steel was investigated. The samples were scribed with spacing of 2 mm, 4 mm,...Efect of ball scribing on relative permeability of conventional grain-oriented（CGO） and high permeability grain-oriented（HGO） electrical steel was investigated. The samples were scribed with spacing of 2 mm, 4 mm, 8 mm and 16 mm. The results show that after ball scribing with 16 mm width at 1.0 T, relative permeability of both℃GO and HGO steels was increased by 109% and 80%, respectively. Relative permeability rises as the scribing space increases, with the movement of the peak value of relative permeability to a higher flux density. Relational models describing relative permeability and flux density were constructed with high accuracy based on experimental data. The experimental data curves were analyzed during the magnetizing process.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81772134,81971891,82172196,81571939(ail to KX)the Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma(Hainan Medical University)of Ministry of Education,No.KLET-202108(to KX)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University of China,No.2020zzts218(to WTY)Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate of China,No.CX20200116(to WTY)。
文摘PANoptosis is a newly identified type of regulated cell death that consists of pyroptosis,apoptosis,and nec roptosis,which simultaneously occur during the pathophysiological process of infectious and inflammatory diseases.Although our previous lite rature mining study suggested that PANoptosis might occur in neuronal ischemia/repe rfusion injury,little experimental research has been reported on the existence of PANoptosis.In this study,we used in vivo and in vitro retinal neuronal models of ischemia/repe rfusion injury to investigate whether PAN optosis-like cell death(simultaneous occurrence of pyroptosis,apo ptosis,and necroptosis)exists in retinal neuronal ischemia/repe rfusion injury.Our results showed that ischemia/repe rfusion injury induced changes in morphological features and protein levels that indicate PANoptosis-like cell death in retinal neurons both in vitro and in vivo.Ischemia/repe rfusion inju ry also significantly upregulated caspase-1,caspase-8,and NLRP3 expression,which are important components of the PANoptosome.These results indicate the existence of PANoptosis-like cell death in ischemia/reperfusion injury of retinal neurons and provide preliminary experimental evidence for future study of this new type of regulated cell death.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22038011,No.22078257,No.22108213,No.52176142)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M692548)+1 种基金the Joint Fund of the Yulin University and the Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy(Grant YLU-DNL Fund 2022001)the Young Talent Support Plan of Shaanxi Province。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.22078257, 22038011 and 22108213)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2021M692548)+1 种基金the Joint Fund of the Yulin University and the Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (YLU-DNL Fund No.2022001)the Young Talent Support Plan of Shaanxi Province。
文摘One-step conversion of methane and formaldehyde into ethanol is a 100% atom-efficient process for carbon resources utilization and environment protection but still faces eminent challenges due to the lacking of efficient catalysts. Therefore, developing active and stable catalysts is crucial for the co-conversion of methane and formaldehyde. Herein, twelve kinds of “Single-Atom”-“Frustrated Lewis Pair”(SA-FLP)dual-active-site catalysts are designed for the direct conversion of methane and formaldehyde to ethanol based on density functional theory(DFT) calculations and microkinetic simulations. The results show that the SA-FLP dual active sites can simultaneously activate methane at the SA site and activate formaldehyde at the FLP site. Among the twelve designed SA-FLP catalysts, Fe1-FLP shows the best performance in the co-conversion of methane and formaldehyde to ethanol with the rate-determining barrier of 1.15 e V.Ethanol is proved as the main product with the turnover frequency of 1.32 × 10^(-4)s^(-1)at 573 K and 3 bar.This work provides a universal strategy to design dual active sites on metal oxide materials and offers new insights into the effective conversion of methane and formaldehyde to desired C_(2) chemicals.
文摘新型冠状病毒(以下简称新冠病毒,SARS-CoV-2)自2019年12月以来依然在全球流行。作为一种RNA病毒,新冠病毒在流行期间经历了多次的变异。2020年9月首次在英国发现了阿尔法变异株,随后接连有5个变异株被世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)列为“需关注的变异株”,其中2021年11月首次在南非确认的奥密克戎变异株,在被发现后迅速传遍全球成为主要流行株,并产生不同亚株。
基金The financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51174057 and 51274062)the National High Technology Research and Development Program (No.2012AA03A503)
文摘Effect of ball scribing on magnetic Barkhausen noise （MBN） of conventional grain-oriented （CGO） and high- permeability grain-oriented （HGO） electrical steel was investigated. The results showed that after ball scribing, root mean square of MBN （MBNrms） of CGO electrical steel increased 9.8% with 4 mm scribing spacing at 1.2 T, and that of HGO electrical steel apparently decreased 17.3% with 16 mm scribing spacing at 1.2 T. Through the formation and development of free magnetic poles and secondary magnetic domains due to compressive stress, primary magnetic domain space of grain-oriented electrical steel becomes smaller, which reflects as a variation of MBN in the macroscopic magnetic properties. Through correlation formula derivation of MBNrms and equilibrium distance between domain walls, effect of domain refinement on grain-oriented electrical steel was also interpreted, and optimum equilibrium distance between domain walls was determined.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22078257,No.22038011,and No.22108213)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2020YFA0710000)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2018T111034 and No.2021M692548)the Rising Star Program in Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province(No.2020KJXX-079).Chun-Ran Chang also acknowledges the support from the K.C.Wong Education Foundation.The calculations were performed by using the HPC Platform at Xi’an Jiaotong University。
文摘The one-step conversion of ethanol to 1,3-butadiene has achieved a breakthrough with the development of beta zeolite supported dual metal catalysts.However,the reaction mechanism from ethanol to butadiene is complex and has not yet been fully elucidated,and no catalyst screening effort has been done based on central metal atoms.In this work,density functional theory(DFT)calculations were employed to study the mechanism of one-step conversion of ethanol to butadiene over ZnY/BEA catalyst.The results show that ethanol dehydrogenation prefers to proceed on Zn site with a reaction energy of 0.77 eV in the rate-determining step,and the aldol condensation to produce butadiene prefers to proceed on Y site with a reaction energy of 0.69 eV in the rate-determining step.Based on the mechanism revealed,six elements were selected to replace Y for screening superior combination of Zn-M/BEA(M=Sn,Nb,Ta,Hf,Zr,Ti;BEA:beta polymorph A)for this reaction.As a result,Zn-Y/BEA(0.69 eV)is proven to be the most preferring catalyst compared with the other six ones,and Zn-Zr/BEA(0.85 eV),Zn-Ti/BEA(0.87 eV),and Zn-Sn/BEA(0.93 eV)can be potential candidates for the conversion of ethanol to butadiene.This work not only provides mechanistic insights into one-step catalytic conversion of ethanol to butadiene over Zn-Y/BEA catalyst but also offers more promising catalyst candidates for this reaction.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51174057 and 51274062)the National High Technology Research and Development Program (No. 2012AA03A503)
文摘Efect of ball scribing on relative permeability of conventional grain-oriented（CGO） and high permeability grain-oriented（HGO） electrical steel was investigated. The samples were scribed with spacing of 2 mm, 4 mm, 8 mm and 16 mm. The results show that after ball scribing with 16 mm width at 1.0 T, relative permeability of both℃GO and HGO steels was increased by 109% and 80%, respectively. Relative permeability rises as the scribing space increases, with the movement of the peak value of relative permeability to a higher flux density. Relational models describing relative permeability and flux density were constructed with high accuracy based on experimental data. The experimental data curves were analyzed during the magnetizing process.
