Low permeability tight gas reservoirs and condensate gas reservoirs account for a rather high proportion ofdomestic gas reserves, but many of them have low productivity. So it is significant to develop these reservoir...Low permeability tight gas reservoirs and condensate gas reservoirs account for a rather high proportion ofdomestic gas reserves, but many of them have low productivity. So it is significant to develop these reservoirs effi-ciently for continuous and stable development of China′s petroleum industry. Around the problems of the developmentof deep low permeability tight gas reservoirs and condensate gas reservoirs, this paper makes an analysis on the geo-logic and development characteristics of these reservoirs and presents ten proper technologies. Finally, five technicalmeasures for the development of such gas reservoirs are proposed in detail. These are deep fracturing technology,treatment technology of accumulated liquids in condensate gas well and near well bore, gas injection technology whenthe formation pressure is lower than the maximum condensate pressure, phase behavior analysis technology in porousmedia of low permeability tight condensate gas reservoir and other gas reservoir engineering technologies.展开更多
Satellite laser ranging （SLR） is one of the major space geodetic instruments, which has various applications in earth science. In this paper, we introduce several issues regarding the key technology implementation o...Satellite laser ranging （SLR） is one of the major space geodetic instruments, which has various applications in earth science. In this paper, we introduce several issues regarding the key technology implementation of high-repetition-rate SLR system. Compared with traditional technology, using kHz and 8ps pulse width laser component, the data quantity and quality of high-repetition-rate satellite laser ranging （SLR） can be significantly improved. The characteristics of high-repetition-rate laser ranging and the key technologies are presented, including the event timer with the precision of picosecond, the generation of range gate signal, and so on. All of them are based on the Field Programmable Gate Arrays （FPGA） and tested on China mobile SLR system-TROS1000. Finally, the observations of satellite Beacon-C are given.展开更多
A novel model on dynamic resource allocation in the WDM optical networks is proposed, basing on the integrated considerations of the impacts of transmission impairments and service classification on dynamic resource a...A novel model on dynamic resource allocation in the WDM optical networks is proposed, basing on the integrated considerations of the impacts of transmission impairments and service classification on dynamic resource allocation in the optical layer. In this model, the priorities of optical connection requests are mapped into different thresholds of transmission impairments, and a uniform method which is adopted to evaluate the virtual wavelength path (VWP) candidates is defined. The Advanced Preferred Wavelength Sets Algorithm (A-PWS) and the heuristic Dynamic Min-Cost & Optical Virtual Wavelength Path Algorithm (DMC-OVWP) are presented addressing the routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) problem based on dynamic traffic and multi priorities in wavelength-routed optical networks. For a received optical connection request, DMC-OVWP is employed to calculate a list of the VWP candidates, and an appropriate VWP which matches the request's priority is picked up to establish the lightpath by analyzing the transmission qualities of the VWP candidates.展开更多
We introduced the observations and researches using a Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) system with high precision, which was designed and made in China and installed in the Observatory of San Juan Uni- versity, Argentina...We introduced the observations and researches using a Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) system with high precision, which was designed and made in China and installed in the Observatory of San Juan Uni- versity, Argentina, the capability of the system and the achievement of the cooperative procedure be- tween China and Argentina. The SLR station in San Juan, set up by China and Argentina, is quite sig- nificant for improving the distribution of SLR stations and enhancing the orbital coverage of the whole earth. Since the SLR system started to work in the Observatory of San Juan University in the beginning of 2006, the operation is rather good, and rich data with high precision have been obtained. Further plan of the cooperation for the near future is also presented.展开更多
Engineering of smart building molecules is key basis in designing intelligent drug delivery systems.As an emerging sophisticated delivery system strategy,the powerful functions of peptide drug conjugates(PDCs)are attr...Engineering of smart building molecules is key basis in designing intelligent drug delivery systems.As an emerging sophisticated delivery system strategy,the powerful functions of peptide drug conjugates(PDCs)are attributed to a smart linker and multifunctional peptide domain.Peptides exhibit a wide range of functions and properties,including easy chemical synthesis and versatile modification,tunable biocompatibility,diversified self-assembled nanostructures,specific recognition/binding,and deep penetration of the cell membrane/extracellular matrix.In addition,various types of linkers enable PDCs to release drugs responsively according to the disease microen-vironment or treatment needs.Owing to these inherent advantages,PDCs have been widely explored for drug delivery.Herein,the latest developments in functional peptides and linkers commonly used to construct smart PDCs are reviewed.The purpose is to bring widespread attention to PDC design strategies and their contribution to fighting various diseases,as well as to provide guidance for research on intelligent PDC drug delivery systems.展开更多
The mobile satellite laser ranging system TROS1000, successfully developed in 2010, achieves a high repetition rate and enables daytime laser ranging. Its measurement range has reached up to 36000 km with an accuracy ...The mobile satellite laser ranging system TROS1000, successfully developed in 2010, achieves a high repetition rate and enables daytime laser ranging. Its measurement range has reached up to 36000 km with an accuracy as precise as 1 cm. Using recent observations in Wuhan, Jiufeng, Xianning, and Rongcheng, Shandong, we introduce the progress made using this mobile observation system.展开更多
In a satellite laser ranging telescope system, well-aligned encoders of the elevation and azimuth axes are essential for tracking objects. However, it is very difficult and time-consuming to correct the bias between t...In a satellite laser ranging telescope system, well-aligned encoders of the elevation and azimuth axes are essential for tracking objects. However, it is very difficult and time-consuming to correct the bias between the absolute-position indices of the encoders and the astronomical coordinates, especially in the absence of a finder scope for our system. To solve this problem, a method is presented based on the phenomenon that all stars move anti-clockwise around Polaris in the northern hemisphere. Tests of the proposed adjustment procedure in a satellite laser ranging （SLR）system demonstrated the effectiveness and the time saved by using the approach, which greatly facilitates the optimization of a trackin~ svstem.展开更多
文摘Low permeability tight gas reservoirs and condensate gas reservoirs account for a rather high proportion ofdomestic gas reserves, but many of them have low productivity. So it is significant to develop these reservoirs effi-ciently for continuous and stable development of China′s petroleum industry. Around the problems of the developmentof deep low permeability tight gas reservoirs and condensate gas reservoirs, this paper makes an analysis on the geo-logic and development characteristics of these reservoirs and presents ten proper technologies. Finally, five technicalmeasures for the development of such gas reservoirs are proposed in detail. These are deep fracturing technology,treatment technology of accumulated liquids in condensate gas well and near well bore, gas injection technology whenthe formation pressure is lower than the maximum condensate pressure, phase behavior analysis technology in porousmedia of low permeability tight condensate gas reservoir and other gas reservoir engineering technologies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(40774013)
文摘Satellite laser ranging （SLR） is one of the major space geodetic instruments, which has various applications in earth science. In this paper, we introduce several issues regarding the key technology implementation of high-repetition-rate SLR system. Compared with traditional technology, using kHz and 8ps pulse width laser component, the data quantity and quality of high-repetition-rate satellite laser ranging （SLR） can be significantly improved. The characteristics of high-repetition-rate laser ranging and the key technologies are presented, including the event timer with the precision of picosecond, the generation of range gate signal, and so on. All of them are based on the Field Programmable Gate Arrays （FPGA） and tested on China mobile SLR system-TROS1000. Finally, the observations of satellite Beacon-C are given.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.60272048).
文摘A novel model on dynamic resource allocation in the WDM optical networks is proposed, basing on the integrated considerations of the impacts of transmission impairments and service classification on dynamic resource allocation in the optical layer. In this model, the priorities of optical connection requests are mapped into different thresholds of transmission impairments, and a uniform method which is adopted to evaluate the virtual wavelength path (VWP) candidates is defined. The Advanced Preferred Wavelength Sets Algorithm (A-PWS) and the heuristic Dynamic Min-Cost & Optical Virtual Wavelength Path Algorithm (DMC-OVWP) are presented addressing the routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) problem based on dynamic traffic and multi priorities in wavelength-routed optical networks. For a received optical connection request, DMC-OVWP is employed to calculate a list of the VWP candidates, and an appropriate VWP which matches the request's priority is picked up to establish the lightpath by analyzing the transmission qualities of the VWP candidates.
基金the International Science and Technology Cooperation Foundation (Grant No. 2006DFA21980) from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China
文摘We introduced the observations and researches using a Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) system with high precision, which was designed and made in China and installed in the Observatory of San Juan Uni- versity, Argentina, the capability of the system and the achievement of the cooperative procedure be- tween China and Argentina. The SLR station in San Juan, set up by China and Argentina, is quite sig- nificant for improving the distribution of SLR stations and enhancing the orbital coverage of the whole earth. Since the SLR system started to work in the Observatory of San Juan University in the beginning of 2006, the operation is rather good, and rich data with high precision have been obtained. Further plan of the cooperation for the near future is also presented.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82173992,81773662,81973488,81804100)National Key R&D program of China(2018YFC1706905)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX_201491).
文摘Engineering of smart building molecules is key basis in designing intelligent drug delivery systems.As an emerging sophisticated delivery system strategy,the powerful functions of peptide drug conjugates(PDCs)are attributed to a smart linker and multifunctional peptide domain.Peptides exhibit a wide range of functions and properties,including easy chemical synthesis and versatile modification,tunable biocompatibility,diversified self-assembled nanostructures,specific recognition/binding,and deep penetration of the cell membrane/extracellular matrix.In addition,various types of linkers enable PDCs to release drugs responsively according to the disease microen-vironment or treatment needs.Owing to these inherent advantages,PDCs have been widely explored for drug delivery.Herein,the latest developments in functional peptides and linkers commonly used to construct smart PDCs are reviewed.The purpose is to bring widespread attention to PDC design strategies and their contribution to fighting various diseases,as well as to provide guidance for research on intelligent PDC drug delivery systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (40774013, 41274189)
文摘The mobile satellite laser ranging system TROS1000, successfully developed in 2010, achieves a high repetition rate and enables daytime laser ranging. Its measurement range has reached up to 36000 km with an accuracy as precise as 1 cm. Using recent observations in Wuhan, Jiufeng, Xianning, and Rongcheng, Shandong, we introduce the progress made using this mobile observation system.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41274189)
文摘In a satellite laser ranging telescope system, well-aligned encoders of the elevation and azimuth axes are essential for tracking objects. However, it is very difficult and time-consuming to correct the bias between the absolute-position indices of the encoders and the astronomical coordinates, especially in the absence of a finder scope for our system. To solve this problem, a method is presented based on the phenomenon that all stars move anti-clockwise around Polaris in the northern hemisphere. Tests of the proposed adjustment procedure in a satellite laser ranging （SLR）system demonstrated the effectiveness and the time saved by using the approach, which greatly facilitates the optimization of a trackin~ svstem.
