The B cells translocation gene 1 （BTG1） is a member of the BTG/TOB family of anti-proliferative genes, which have recently emerged as important regulators of cell growth and differentiation among vertebrates. Here, ...The B cells translocation gene 1 （BTG1） is a member of the BTG/TOB family of anti-proliferative genes, which have recently emerged as important regulators of cell growth and differentiation among vertebrates. Here, for the first time we cloned the full-length eDNA sequence of Hyriopsis schlegelii （Hs-BTG1）, an economically important freshwater shellfish and potential indicator of environmental heavy metal pollution, for the first time. Using rapid amplification of eDNA ends （RACE） together with splicing the EST sequence from a haemocyte eDNA library, we found that Hs-BTG1 contains a 525 bp open reading frame （ORF） encoding a 174 amino-acid polypeptide, a 306 bp 5＇ untranslated region （5＇ UTR）, and a 571 bp 3＇ UTR with a Poly（A） tail as well as a transcription termination signal （AATAAA）. Homologne searching against GenBank revealed that Hs-BTG1 was closest to Crassostrea gigas BTG1, sharing 50.57% of protein identities. Hs-BTG1 also shares some typical features of the BTG/TOB family, possessing two well-conserved A and B boxes. Clustering analysis of Hs-BTG1 and other known BTGs showed that Hs-BTG1 was also closely related to BTG1 of C. gigas from the invertebrate BTG1 clade. Function prediction via homology modeling showed that both Hs-BTG1 and C. gigas BTG1 share a similar three-dimensional structure with Homo sapiens BTG1. Tissue-specific expression analysis of the Hs-BTG1 via real-time PCR showed that the transcripts were constitutively expressed, with the highest levels in the hepatopancreas and gills, and the lowest in both haemocyte and muscle tissue. Expression levels of Hs-BTG1 in hepatopancreas （2.03-fold）, mantle （2.07-fold）, kidney （2.2-fold） and haemocyte （2.5-fold） were enhanced by cadmium （Cd2＋） stress, suggesting that Hs-BTG 1 may have played a significant role in H, schlegelii adaptation to adverse environmental conditions.展开更多
This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of IR-61,a novel mitochondrial heptamethine cyanine dye with antioxidant effects,on diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction(DMED).Eight-week-old male Sprague-...This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of IR-61,a novel mitochondrial heptamethine cyanine dye with antioxidant effects,on diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction(DMED).Eight-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin(STZ)to induce type 1 diabetes.Eight weeks after STZ injection,all rats were divided into three groups:the control group,DM group,and DM+IR-61 group.In the DM+IR-61 group,the rats were administered IR-61(1.6 mg kg-1)twice a week by intravenous injection.At week 13,erectile function was evaluated by determining the ratio of the maximal intracavernous pressure to mean arterial pressure,and the penises were then harvested for fluorescent imaging,transmission electron microscopy,histological examinations,and Western blot analysis.Whole-body imaging suggested that IR-61 was highly accumulated in the penis after intravenous injection.IR-61 treatment significantly improved the maximal ICP of diabetic rats.Additionally,IR-61 ameliorated diabetes-induced inflammation,apoptosis,and phenotypic transition of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells(CCSMCs)in penile tissue.IR-61 also attenuated mitochondrial damage,reduced reactive oxygen species production in the corpus cavernosum and upregulated sirtuinl(SIRT1),sirtuin3(SIRT3),nuclear factor(erythroid-derived 2)-like 2(Nrf2),and heme oxygenase expression in penile tissue.In conclusion,IR-61 represents a potential therapeutic option for DMED by protecting the mitochondria of CCSMCs,which may be mediated by activation of the SIRT1,SIRT3,and Nrf2 pathways.展开更多
【目的】旨在明确生物源和新烟碱类杀虫剂对棉叶蝉Amrasca biguttula若虫的毒力水平和田间药效,为棉叶蝉科学防治提供依据。【方法】以浸叶法在室内测定了3种生物源杀虫剂(藜芦胺、阿维菌素、苦参碱)和5种新烟碱类杀虫剂(烯啶虫胺、氯...【目的】旨在明确生物源和新烟碱类杀虫剂对棉叶蝉Amrasca biguttula若虫的毒力水平和田间药效,为棉叶蝉科学防治提供依据。【方法】以浸叶法在室内测定了3种生物源杀虫剂(藜芦胺、阿维菌素、苦参碱)和5种新烟碱类杀虫剂(烯啶虫胺、氯噻啉、呋虫胺、噻虫嗪和啶虫脒)处理24 h时对湘北棉区棉叶蝉3龄若虫的致死中浓度(median lethal concentration,LC_(50))值。基于各杀虫剂推荐使用剂量,以人工喷雾法在棉叶蝉发生盛期于2021年8月湖南桃源县棉田对0.5%藜芦胺可溶液剂(soluble concentrate,SL)(5.625 g a.i./hm^(2))、5%阿维菌素乳油(emulsifiable concentrate,EC)(10.5 g a.i./hm^(2))、2%苦参碱水剂(aqueous solution,AS)(10.5 g a.i./hm^(2))、10%烯啶虫胺AS(30 g a.i./hm^(2))、40%氯噻啉水分散粒剂(water dispersible granule,WG)(30 g a.i./hm^(2))、20%呋虫胺悬浮剂(suspension concentrate,SC)(75 g a.i./hm^(2))、30%噻虫嗪SC(33.75 g a.i./hm^(2))和5%啶虫脒EC(18 g a.i./hm^(2))进行棉叶蝉田间防效评价。【结果】室内毒力测定结果表明:处理后24 h时,8种杀虫剂对棉叶蝉3龄若虫的毒力从大到小依次为0.5%藜芦胺SL>5%阿维菌素EC>10%烯啶虫胺AS>40%氯噻啉WG>20%呋虫胺SC>2%苦参碱AS>30%噻虫嗪SC>5%啶虫脒EC,且生物源杀虫剂0.5%藜芦胺AS与5%阿维菌素EC对棉叶蝉3龄若虫的LC_(50)值分别为1.79和4.00 mg/L,其毒力均高于供试的5种新烟碱类杀虫剂。田间药效试验结果表明,0.5%藜芦胺SL对棉叶蝉的田间防效最佳,施药1 d后校正防效为91.36%,显著高于其他杀虫剂;药后7和14 d时的校正防效分别为86.14%和80.09%,仅次于20%呋虫胺SC的92.02%和86.99%,与10%烯啶虫胺AS和40%氯噻啉WG的无显著差异,但显著高于其他杀虫剂的。【结论】本研究结果表明藜芦胺和烯啶虫胺对湘北棉区棉叶蝉种群兼具较好的室内杀虫活性与田间防效。为了减少杀虫剂的不合理使用,促进化学农药与生物源农药的协展开更多
This study aims to characterize the cell atlas of the epididymis derived from a 46,XY disorders of sex development(DSD)patient with a novel heterozygous mutation of the nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 1(NR...This study aims to characterize the cell atlas of the epididymis derived from a 46,XY disorders of sex development(DSD)patient with a novel heterozygous mutation of the nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 1(NR5A1)gene.Next-generation sequencing found a heterozygous c.124C>G mutation in NR5A1 that resulted in a p.Q42E missense mutation in the conserved DNA-binding domain of NR5A1.The patient demonstrated feminization of external genitalia and Tanner stage 1 breast development.The surgical procedure revealed a morphologically normal epididymis and vas deferens but a dysplastic testis.Microfluidic-based single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)analysis found that the fibroblast cells were significantly increased(approximately 46.5%),whereas the number of main epididymal epithelial cells(approximately 9.2%),such as principal cells and basal cells,was dramatically decreased.Bioinformatics analysis of cell–cell communications and gene regulatory networks at the single-cell level inferred that epididymal epithelial cell loss and fibroblast occupation are associated with the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EMT)process.The present study provides a cell atlas of the epididymis of a patient with 46,XY DSD and serves as an important resource for understanding the pathophysiology of DSD.展开更多
Elastic wave propagation and attenuation in porous rock layers with oriented sets of fractures, especially in carbonate reservoirs, are anisotropic owing to fracture sealing, fracture size, fracture density, filling f...Elastic wave propagation and attenuation in porous rock layers with oriented sets of fractures, especially in carbonate reservoirs, are anisotropic owing to fracture sealing, fracture size, fracture density, filling fluid, and fracture strike orientation. To address this problem, we adopt the Chapman effective medium model and carry out numerical experiments to assess the variation in P-wave velocity and attenuation, and the shear-wave splitting anisotropy with the frequency and azimuth of the incident wave. The results suggest that velocity, attenuation, and anisotropy vary as function of azimuth and frequency. The azimuths of the minimum attenuation and maximum P-wave velocity are nearly coincident with the average strike of the two sets of open fractures. P-wave velocity is greater in sealed fractures than open fractures, whereas the attenuation of energy and anisotropy is stronger in open fractures than sealed fractures. For fractures of different sizes, the maximum velocity together with the minimum attenuation correspond to the average orientation of the fracture sets. Small fractures affect the wave propagation less. Azimuth-dependent anisotropy is low and varies more than the other attributes. Fracture density strongly affects the P-wave velocity, attenuation, and shear-wave anisotropy. The attenuation is more sensitive to the variation of fracture size than that of velocity and anisotropy. In the seismic frequency band, the effect of oil and gas saturation on attenuation is very different from that for brine saturation and varies weakly over azimuth. It is demonstrated that for two sets of fractures with the same density, the fast shear-wave polarization angle is almost linearly related with the orientation of one of the fracture sets.展开更多
Bt corn is one of the top three large-scale commercialized transgenic crops around the world. It is increasingly clear that the complementary durable approaches for pest control, which combine the endogenous defense o...Bt corn is one of the top three large-scale commercialized transgenic crops around the world. It is increasingly clear that the complementary durable approaches for pest control, which combine the endogenous defense of the crop with the introduced foreign genes, are promising alternative strategies for pest resistance management and the next generation of insect-resistant transgenic crops. In the present study, we tested the inducible effects of exogenous jasmonic acid （JA） on direct-defense chemical content, Bt protein concentration, and related gene expression in the leaves of Bt corn cultivar 34B24 and non-Bt cultivar 34B23 by chemical analysis, ELISA, and RT-PCR. The results show that the expression of LOX, PR-2a, MPI, and PR-I genes in the treated leaf （the first leaf） was promoted by exogenous JA both in 34B24 and 34B23. As compared with the control, the concentration of DIMBOA in the treated leaf was significantly increased by 63 and 18% for 34B24 and 34B23, respectively. The total phenolic acid was also increased by 24 and 12% for both 34B24 and 34B23. The Bt protein content of 34B24 in the treated leaf was increased by 13% but decreased significantly by 27% in the second leaf. The induced response of 34B24 was in a systemic way and was much stronger than that of 34B23. Those findings indicated that there is a synergistic interaction between Bt gene and internally induced chemical defense system triggered by externally applied JA in Bt corn.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Scientific and Technological Programme of Jiangxi Province,China(20121BBF60036)the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest,State Agriculture Ministry of China(200903028)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Landing Project of Jiangxi Province,China(KJLD12001)the Youth Fund of the Education Department of Jiangxi Province,China(GJJ14219)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31160534)
文摘The B cells translocation gene 1 （BTG1） is a member of the BTG/TOB family of anti-proliferative genes, which have recently emerged as important regulators of cell growth and differentiation among vertebrates. Here, for the first time we cloned the full-length eDNA sequence of Hyriopsis schlegelii （Hs-BTG1）, an economically important freshwater shellfish and potential indicator of environmental heavy metal pollution, for the first time. Using rapid amplification of eDNA ends （RACE） together with splicing the EST sequence from a haemocyte eDNA library, we found that Hs-BTG1 contains a 525 bp open reading frame （ORF） encoding a 174 amino-acid polypeptide, a 306 bp 5＇ untranslated region （5＇ UTR）, and a 571 bp 3＇ UTR with a Poly（A） tail as well as a transcription termination signal （AATAAA）. Homologne searching against GenBank revealed that Hs-BTG1 was closest to Crassostrea gigas BTG1, sharing 50.57% of protein identities. Hs-BTG1 also shares some typical features of the BTG/TOB family, possessing two well-conserved A and B boxes. Clustering analysis of Hs-BTG1 and other known BTGs showed that Hs-BTG1 was also closely related to BTG1 of C. gigas from the invertebrate BTG1 clade. Function prediction via homology modeling showed that both Hs-BTG1 and C. gigas BTG1 share a similar three-dimensional structure with Homo sapiens BTG1. Tissue-specific expression analysis of the Hs-BTG1 via real-time PCR showed that the transcripts were constitutively expressed, with the highest levels in the hepatopancreas and gills, and the lowest in both haemocyte and muscle tissue. Expression levels of Hs-BTG1 in hepatopancreas （2.03-fold）, mantle （2.07-fold）, kidney （2.2-fold） and haemocyte （2.5-fold） were enhanced by cadmium （Cd2＋） stress, suggesting that Hs-BTG 1 may have played a significant role in H, schlegelii adaptation to adverse environmental conditions.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program(2016Y FC1000805)University Innovation Team Building Program of Chongqing(CXTDG201602020)Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(KJQN202000433).
文摘This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of IR-61,a novel mitochondrial heptamethine cyanine dye with antioxidant effects,on diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction(DMED).Eight-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin(STZ)to induce type 1 diabetes.Eight weeks after STZ injection,all rats were divided into three groups:the control group,DM group,and DM+IR-61 group.In the DM+IR-61 group,the rats were administered IR-61(1.6 mg kg-1)twice a week by intravenous injection.At week 13,erectile function was evaluated by determining the ratio of the maximal intracavernous pressure to mean arterial pressure,and the penises were then harvested for fluorescent imaging,transmission electron microscopy,histological examinations,and Western blot analysis.Whole-body imaging suggested that IR-61 was highly accumulated in the penis after intravenous injection.IR-61 treatment significantly improved the maximal ICP of diabetic rats.Additionally,IR-61 ameliorated diabetes-induced inflammation,apoptosis,and phenotypic transition of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells(CCSMCs)in penile tissue.IR-61 also attenuated mitochondrial damage,reduced reactive oxygen species production in the corpus cavernosum and upregulated sirtuinl(SIRT1),sirtuin3(SIRT3),nuclear factor(erythroid-derived 2)-like 2(Nrf2),and heme oxygenase expression in penile tissue.In conclusion,IR-61 represents a potential therapeutic option for DMED by protecting the mitochondria of CCSMCs,which may be mediated by activation of the SIRT1,SIRT3,and Nrf2 pathways.
文摘【目的】旨在明确生物源和新烟碱类杀虫剂对棉叶蝉Amrasca biguttula若虫的毒力水平和田间药效,为棉叶蝉科学防治提供依据。【方法】以浸叶法在室内测定了3种生物源杀虫剂(藜芦胺、阿维菌素、苦参碱)和5种新烟碱类杀虫剂(烯啶虫胺、氯噻啉、呋虫胺、噻虫嗪和啶虫脒)处理24 h时对湘北棉区棉叶蝉3龄若虫的致死中浓度(median lethal concentration,LC_(50))值。基于各杀虫剂推荐使用剂量,以人工喷雾法在棉叶蝉发生盛期于2021年8月湖南桃源县棉田对0.5%藜芦胺可溶液剂(soluble concentrate,SL)(5.625 g a.i./hm^(2))、5%阿维菌素乳油(emulsifiable concentrate,EC)(10.5 g a.i./hm^(2))、2%苦参碱水剂(aqueous solution,AS)(10.5 g a.i./hm^(2))、10%烯啶虫胺AS(30 g a.i./hm^(2))、40%氯噻啉水分散粒剂(water dispersible granule,WG)(30 g a.i./hm^(2))、20%呋虫胺悬浮剂(suspension concentrate,SC)(75 g a.i./hm^(2))、30%噻虫嗪SC(33.75 g a.i./hm^(2))和5%啶虫脒EC(18 g a.i./hm^(2))进行棉叶蝉田间防效评价。【结果】室内毒力测定结果表明:处理后24 h时,8种杀虫剂对棉叶蝉3龄若虫的毒力从大到小依次为0.5%藜芦胺SL>5%阿维菌素EC>10%烯啶虫胺AS>40%氯噻啉WG>20%呋虫胺SC>2%苦参碱AS>30%噻虫嗪SC>5%啶虫脒EC,且生物源杀虫剂0.5%藜芦胺AS与5%阿维菌素EC对棉叶蝉3龄若虫的LC_(50)值分别为1.79和4.00 mg/L,其毒力均高于供试的5种新烟碱类杀虫剂。田间药效试验结果表明,0.5%藜芦胺SL对棉叶蝉的田间防效最佳,施药1 d后校正防效为91.36%,显著高于其他杀虫剂;药后7和14 d时的校正防效分别为86.14%和80.09%,仅次于20%呋虫胺SC的92.02%和86.99%,与10%烯啶虫胺AS和40%氯噻啉WG的无显著差异,但显著高于其他杀虫剂的。【结论】本研究结果表明藜芦胺和烯啶虫胺对湘北棉区棉叶蝉种群兼具较好的室内杀虫活性与田间防效。为了减少杀虫剂的不合理使用,促进化学农药与生物源农药的协
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2018YFC1003602 to HC and No.2018YFC1003504 to HJ)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81871202 to HC and No.31900484 to GCX)+2 种基金Lo Kwee Seong Start Up Fund to KLE,Shanghai Sailing Program (No.20YF1422900 to YWZ)the Natural Science Foundation of Nantong (No.JC2021081 to JWS)Startup R&D funding from Nantong University (No.135419631032 to JWS and TDYX2021021 to JWS).
文摘This study aims to characterize the cell atlas of the epididymis derived from a 46,XY disorders of sex development(DSD)patient with a novel heterozygous mutation of the nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 1(NR5A1)gene.Next-generation sequencing found a heterozygous c.124C>G mutation in NR5A1 that resulted in a p.Q42E missense mutation in the conserved DNA-binding domain of NR5A1.The patient demonstrated feminization of external genitalia and Tanner stage 1 breast development.The surgical procedure revealed a morphologically normal epididymis and vas deferens but a dysplastic testis.Microfluidic-based single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)analysis found that the fibroblast cells were significantly increased(approximately 46.5%),whereas the number of main epididymal epithelial cells(approximately 9.2%),such as principal cells and basal cells,was dramatically decreased.Bioinformatics analysis of cell–cell communications and gene regulatory networks at the single-cell level inferred that epididymal epithelial cell loss and fibroblast occupation are associated with the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EMT)process.The present study provides a cell atlas of the epididymis of a patient with 46,XY DSD and serves as an important resource for understanding the pathophysiology of DSD.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Rsearch （Nos. 41674046, 41440030, and 41574078） and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Lanzhou university （No. lzujbky-2015-175）.
文摘Elastic wave propagation and attenuation in porous rock layers with oriented sets of fractures, especially in carbonate reservoirs, are anisotropic owing to fracture sealing, fracture size, fracture density, filling fluid, and fracture strike orientation. To address this problem, we adopt the Chapman effective medium model and carry out numerical experiments to assess the variation in P-wave velocity and attenuation, and the shear-wave splitting anisotropy with the frequency and azimuth of the incident wave. The results suggest that velocity, attenuation, and anisotropy vary as function of azimuth and frequency. The azimuths of the minimum attenuation and maximum P-wave velocity are nearly coincident with the average strike of the two sets of open fractures. P-wave velocity is greater in sealed fractures than open fractures, whereas the attenuation of energy and anisotropy is stronger in open fractures than sealed fractures. For fractures of different sizes, the maximum velocity together with the minimum attenuation correspond to the average orientation of the fracture sets. Small fractures affect the wave propagation less. Azimuth-dependent anisotropy is low and varies more than the other attributes. Fracture density strongly affects the P-wave velocity, attenuation, and shear-wave anisotropy. The attenuation is more sensitive to the variation of fracture size than that of velocity and anisotropy. In the seismic frequency band, the effect of oil and gas saturation on attenuation is very different from that for brine saturation and varies weakly over azimuth. It is demonstrated that for two sets of fractures with the same density, the fast shear-wave polarization angle is almost linearly related with the orientation of one of the fracture sets.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30470335,30770402)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(E039254,06025813).
文摘Bt corn is one of the top three large-scale commercialized transgenic crops around the world. It is increasingly clear that the complementary durable approaches for pest control, which combine the endogenous defense of the crop with the introduced foreign genes, are promising alternative strategies for pest resistance management and the next generation of insect-resistant transgenic crops. In the present study, we tested the inducible effects of exogenous jasmonic acid （JA） on direct-defense chemical content, Bt protein concentration, and related gene expression in the leaves of Bt corn cultivar 34B24 and non-Bt cultivar 34B23 by chemical analysis, ELISA, and RT-PCR. The results show that the expression of LOX, PR-2a, MPI, and PR-I genes in the treated leaf （the first leaf） was promoted by exogenous JA both in 34B24 and 34B23. As compared with the control, the concentration of DIMBOA in the treated leaf was significantly increased by 63 and 18% for 34B24 and 34B23, respectively. The total phenolic acid was also increased by 24 and 12% for both 34B24 and 34B23. The Bt protein content of 34B24 in the treated leaf was increased by 13% but decreased significantly by 27% in the second leaf. The induced response of 34B24 was in a systemic way and was much stronger than that of 34B23. Those findings indicated that there is a synergistic interaction between Bt gene and internally induced chemical defense system triggered by externally applied JA in Bt corn.
