Background:Salvage liver transplantation(SLT)has been reported to be an efficient treatment option for patients with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)after liver resection(LR).However,for recipients who underwen...Background:Salvage liver transplantation(SLT)has been reported to be an efficient treatment option for patients with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)after liver resection(LR).However,for recipients who underwent liver transplantation(LT)due to recurrent HCC after LR in China,the selection criteria are not well established.Methods:In this study,data from the China Liver Transplant Registry(CLTR)of 4,244 LT performed from January 2015 to December 2019 were examined,including 3,498 primary liver transplantation(PLT)and 746 SLT recipients.Propensity score matching(PSM)analysis was used to minimize between-group imbalances.The overall survival(OS)and disease-free survival(DFS)between PLT and SLT in recipients fulfilling the Milan or Hangzhou criteria were compared based on the multivariate analysis,nomograms were plotted to further classify the SLT group into low-and high-risk groups.Results:In this study,the 1-,3-and 5-year OS and DFS of SLT recipients fulfilling Milan criteria(OS,P=0.01;DFS,P<0.001)or Hangzhou criteria(OS,P=0.03;DFS,P=0.003)were significantly reduced when compared to that of PLT group after PSM analysis.Independent risk factors,including preoperative transarterial chemoembolization(TACE),alpha fetoprotein(AFP)level,tumor maximum size and tumor total diameter were selected to draw a prognostic nomogram.The low-risk SLT recipients(1-year,95.34%;3-year,84.26%;5-year,77.20%)showed a comparable OS with PLT recipients fulfilling Hangzhou criteria (P=0.107). Conclusions: An optimal nomogram model for prognosis stratification and clinical decision guidance of SLT was established. The low-risk SLT recipients based on the nomograms showed comparable survival with those fulfilling Hangzhou criteria in PLT group.展开更多
Dear Editor,The novel human coronavirus(HCoV)SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of the current pandemic COVID-19,posing a huge threat to global public health.1 Up to now,seven HCoVs have been identified.These HCoVs(inc...Dear Editor,The novel human coronavirus(HCoV)SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of the current pandemic COVID-19,posing a huge threat to global public health.1 Up to now,seven HCoVs have been identified.These HCoVs(including SARS-CoV,HCoV-229E,HCoV-NL63,HCoV-OC43,HCoV-HKU1,MERS-CoV,and SARS-CoV-2)cause a range of symptoms from the common cold to severe pathologies.展开更多
Bi_(2)O_(2)Se is highly competitive as a candidate of next-generation high-performance semiconductors.Though dubbed as semiconductor,Bi_(2)O_(2)Se films exhibited high conductance,i.e.,metallic behavior,due to spontan...Bi_(2)O_(2)Se is highly competitive as a candidate of next-generation high-performance semiconductors.Though dubbed as semiconductor,Bi_(2)O_(2)Se films exhibited high conductance,i.e.,metallic behavior,due to spontaneously ionized defects.Semiconducting/insulating films are of practical importance in broad applications based on low-power,high-performance electronics,the existence of which lacks firm evidence.Here,we synthesized highly insulating films in a controlled way,which exhibit semiconducting behavior with channel resistance up to 1 TΩ.The electron chemical potential lies within the band gap,in some cases,even below the charge neutrality level,signifying the trace of hole-type semiconducting.The performance of insulating devices remains high,comparable to high-quality devices previously.Especially,the threshold voltage(Vth)is positive,contrary to common negative values reported.Calculations indicate that our synthesis conditions suppress electron donors(Se vacancies(VSe))and promote the formation of compensating acceptors(Bi vacancies(VBi)),leading to insulating behaviors.Our work offers insights into electron dynamics of Bi_(2)O_(2)Se,moves one step further towards p-type transistors and provides a valuable playground for engineering ferroelectricity in high-performance semiconductors.展开更多
Retroviruses exclusively infect vertebrates,causing a variety of diseases.The replication of retroviruses requires reverse transcription and integration into host genomes.When infecting germline cells,retroviruses bec...Retroviruses exclusively infect vertebrates,causing a variety of diseases.The replication of retroviruses requires reverse transcription and integration into host genomes.When infecting germline cells,retroviruses become inherited vertically,forming endogenous retroviruses(ERVs).ERVs document past viral infections,providing molecular fossils for studying the evolutionary history of retroviruses.In this review,we summarize the recent advances in understanding the diversity and evolution of retroviruses from the perspectives of viral fossils,and discuss the effects of ERVs on the evolution of host biology.展开更多
A new definition of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)has recently been proposed.We aim to examine the associations of MAFLD,particularly its discordance from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease...A new definition of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)has recently been proposed.We aim to examine the associations of MAFLD,particularly its discordance from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),with the progression of elevated brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV)and albuminuria in a community-based study sample in Shanghai,China.After 4.3 years of follow-up,778 participants developed elevated baPWV and 499 developed albuminuria.In comparison with the non-MAFLD group,the multivariable adjusted odds ratio(OR)of MAFLD group for new-onset elevated baPWV was 1.25(95%confidence interval(CI)1.01–1.55)and 1.35(95%CI 1.07–1.70)for albuminuria.Participants without NAFLD but diagnosed according to MAFLD definition were associated with higher risk of incident albuminuria(OR 1.77;95%CI 1.07–2.94).Patients with MAFLD with high value of hepamet fibrosis score or poor-controlled diabetes had higher risk of elevated baPWV or albuminuria.In conclusion,MAFLD was associated with new-onset elevated baPWV and albuminuria independently of body mass index,waist circumference,and hip circumference.Individuals without NAFLD but diagnosed as MAFLD had high risk of albuminuria,supporting that MAFLD criteria would be practical for the evaluation of long-term risk of subclinical atherosclerosis among fatty liver patients.展开更多
基金supported by Youth Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (82003248)Key Program,National Natural Science Foundation of China (81930016)+2 种基金Key R&D Project of Zhejiang Province (2019C03050)National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFA1100500)The Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (92159202).
文摘Background:Salvage liver transplantation(SLT)has been reported to be an efficient treatment option for patients with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)after liver resection(LR).However,for recipients who underwent liver transplantation(LT)due to recurrent HCC after LR in China,the selection criteria are not well established.Methods:In this study,data from the China Liver Transplant Registry(CLTR)of 4,244 LT performed from January 2015 to December 2019 were examined,including 3,498 primary liver transplantation(PLT)and 746 SLT recipients.Propensity score matching(PSM)analysis was used to minimize between-group imbalances.The overall survival(OS)and disease-free survival(DFS)between PLT and SLT in recipients fulfilling the Milan or Hangzhou criteria were compared based on the multivariate analysis,nomograms were plotted to further classify the SLT group into low-and high-risk groups.Results:In this study,the 1-,3-and 5-year OS and DFS of SLT recipients fulfilling Milan criteria(OS,P=0.01;DFS,P<0.001)or Hangzhou criteria(OS,P=0.03;DFS,P=0.003)were significantly reduced when compared to that of PLT group after PSM analysis.Independent risk factors,including preoperative transarterial chemoembolization(TACE),alpha fetoprotein(AFP)level,tumor maximum size and tumor total diameter were selected to draw a prognostic nomogram.The low-risk SLT recipients(1-year,95.34%;3-year,84.26%;5-year,77.20%)showed a comparable OS with PLT recipients fulfilling Hangzhou criteria (P=0.107). Conclusions: An optimal nomogram model for prognosis stratification and clinical decision guidance of SLT was established. The low-risk SLT recipients based on the nomograms showed comparable survival with those fulfilling Hangzhou criteria in PLT group.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Plan(2020YFC0841400)from the State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures(JK2022YXZ6L32).
文摘Dear Editor,The novel human coronavirus(HCoV)SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of the current pandemic COVID-19,posing a huge threat to global public health.1 Up to now,seven HCoVs have been identified.These HCoVs(including SARS-CoV,HCoV-229E,HCoV-NL63,HCoV-OC43,HCoV-HKU1,MERS-CoV,and SARS-CoV-2)cause a range of symptoms from the common cold to severe pathologies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11904294 and 62004172)the foundation of Westlake Multidisciplinary Research Initiative Center(MRIC,Nos.MRIC20200402 and 20200101).
文摘Bi_(2)O_(2)Se is highly competitive as a candidate of next-generation high-performance semiconductors.Though dubbed as semiconductor,Bi_(2)O_(2)Se films exhibited high conductance,i.e.,metallic behavior,due to spontaneously ionized defects.Semiconducting/insulating films are of practical importance in broad applications based on low-power,high-performance electronics,the existence of which lacks firm evidence.Here,we synthesized highly insulating films in a controlled way,which exhibit semiconducting behavior with channel resistance up to 1 TΩ.The electron chemical potential lies within the band gap,in some cases,even below the charge neutrality level,signifying the trace of hole-type semiconducting.The performance of insulating devices remains high,comparable to high-quality devices previously.Especially,the threshold voltage(Vth)is positive,contrary to common negative values reported.Calculations indicate that our synthesis conditions suppress electron donors(Se vacancies(VSe))and promote the formation of compensating acceptors(Bi vacancies(VBi)),leading to insulating behaviors.Our work offers insights into electron dynamics of Bi_(2)O_(2)Se,moves one step further towards p-type transistors and provides a valuable playground for engineering ferroelectricity in high-performance semiconductors.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31922001)
文摘Retroviruses exclusively infect vertebrates,causing a variety of diseases.The replication of retroviruses requires reverse transcription and integration into host genomes.When infecting germline cells,retroviruses become inherited vertically,forming endogenous retroviruses(ERVs).ERVs document past viral infections,providing molecular fossils for studying the evolutionary history of retroviruses.In this review,we summarize the recent advances in understanding the diversity and evolution of retroviruses from the perspectives of viral fossils,and discuss the effects of ERVs on the evolution of host biology.
基金This work was supported by the grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2017YFC1310700,2018YFC1311800,and 2018YFC1311705)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81870560,82070880,81941017,81770842,81970706,and 82022011)+6 种基金the National Science and Technology Major Project for"Significant New Drugs Development"(No.2017ZX09304007)Shanghai Municipal Government(No.18411951800)Shanghai Shenkang Hospital Development Center(Nos.SHDC12019101,SHDC2020CR1001A,and SHDC2020CR3069B)the Scientific and Technological Committee of Shanghai(No.19411964200)Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(No.DLY201801)Ruijin Hospital(No.2018 CR002)Shanghai Rising-Star Program(No.21QA1408100).
文摘A new definition of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)has recently been proposed.We aim to examine the associations of MAFLD,particularly its discordance from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),with the progression of elevated brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV)and albuminuria in a community-based study sample in Shanghai,China.After 4.3 years of follow-up,778 participants developed elevated baPWV and 499 developed albuminuria.In comparison with the non-MAFLD group,the multivariable adjusted odds ratio(OR)of MAFLD group for new-onset elevated baPWV was 1.25(95%confidence interval(CI)1.01–1.55)and 1.35(95%CI 1.07–1.70)for albuminuria.Participants without NAFLD but diagnosed according to MAFLD definition were associated with higher risk of incident albuminuria(OR 1.77;95%CI 1.07–2.94).Patients with MAFLD with high value of hepamet fibrosis score or poor-controlled diabetes had higher risk of elevated baPWV or albuminuria.In conclusion,MAFLD was associated with new-onset elevated baPWV and albuminuria independently of body mass index,waist circumference,and hip circumference.Individuals without NAFLD but diagnosed as MAFLD had high risk of albuminuria,supporting that MAFLD criteria would be practical for the evaluation of long-term risk of subclinical atherosclerosis among fatty liver patients.
