法国DEMETER(Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions)卫星是世界上第一颗专门针对地震电离层扰动监测的电磁卫星,于2004年发射,2010年底结束运行,共在轨飞行6.5年,获得3万多条整轨数据,为地震...法国DEMETER(Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions)卫星是世界上第一颗专门针对地震电离层扰动监测的电磁卫星,于2004年发射,2010年底结束运行,共在轨飞行6.5年,获得3万多条整轨数据,为地震监测及电离层物理研究提供了坚实的数据基础。全球科学家利用这颗卫星的数据开展了大量的地震应用研究,发表文章上百篇,将电磁卫星的地震应用研究推向了新的阶段。中国第一颗电磁监测试验卫星CSES(China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite)于2018年2月2日成功发射,目前已完成在轨测试并交付使用,科学数据也已正式对外发布。如何充分发挥CSES卫星的应用效能,将空间电磁监测向业务化运行转化,总结和思考DEMETER卫星的技术进步、研究成果及曾经出现过的问题,十分重要。因此,本文着重介绍DEMETER卫星在地震监测应用领域的代表性研究进展,并结合CSES卫星的设计和运转实践,对未来空间地震电磁探测及科学研究的发展方向进行一些初步讨论。展开更多
Interleukin-37b(hereafter called IL-37)was identified as fundamental inhibitor of natural and acquired immunity.The molecular mechanism and function of IL-37 in colorectal cancer(CRC)has been elusive.Here,we found tha...Interleukin-37b(hereafter called IL-37)was identified as fundamental inhibitor of natural and acquired immunity.The molecular mechanism and function of IL-37 in colorectal cancer(CRC)has been elusive.Here,we found that IL-37 transgenic(IL-37tg)mice were highly susceptible to colitis-associated colorectal cancer(CAC)and suffered from dramatically increased tumor burdens in colon.Nevertheless,IL-37 is dispensable for intestinal mutagenesis,and CRC cell proliferation,apoptosis,and migration.Notably,IL-37 dampened protective cytotoxic T cell-mediated immunity in CAC and B16-OVA models.CD8^(+)T cell dysfunction is defined by reduced retention and activation as well as failure to proliferate and produce cytotoxic cytokines in IL-37tg mice,enabling tumor evasion of immune surveillance.The dysfunction led by IL-37 antagonizes IL-18–induced proliferation and effector function of CD8+T cells,which was dependent on SIGIRR(single immunoglobulin interleukin-1 receptor-related protein).Finally,we observed that IL-37 levels were significantly increased in CRC patients,and positively correlated with serum CRC biomarker CEA levels,but negatively correlated with the CD8+T cell infiltration in CRC patients.Our findings highlight the role of IL-37 in harnessing antitumor immunity by inactivation of cytotoxic T cells and establish a new defined inhibitory factor IL-37/SIGIRR in cancerimmunity cycle as therapeutic targets in CRC.展开更多
The Shanghai soft X-ray free-electron laser(SXFEL)user facility project started in 2016 and is expected to be open to users by 2022.It aims to deliver ultra-intense coherent femtosecond X-ray pulses to five endstation...The Shanghai soft X-ray free-electron laser(SXFEL)user facility project started in 2016 and is expected to be open to users by 2022.It aims to deliver ultra-intense coherent femtosecond X-ray pulses to five endstations covering a range of 100–620 eV for ultrafast X-ray science.Two undulator lines are designed and constructed,based on different lasing modes:self-amplified spontaneous emission and echo-enabled harmonic generation.The coherent scattering and imaging(CSI)endstation is the first of five endstations to be commissioned online.It focuses on high-resolution single-shot imaging and the study of ultrafast dynamic processes using coherent forward scattering techniques.Both the single-shot holograms and coherent diffraction patterns were recorded and reconstructed for nanoscale imaging,indicating the excellent coherence and high peak power of the SXFEL and the possibility of‘‘diffraction before destruction’’experiments at the CSI endstation.In this study,we report the first commissioning results of the CSI endstation.展开更多
现有的WiFi感知方法对数据的采集量及接收器的硬件资源需求较高,同时海量的数据处理也会消耗大量软硬件资源.基于模型的WiFi感知方法通过建立动作模式与信号变化之间的数学模型,一定程度上降低了对数据量的依赖,但是主流方案仍然需要多...现有的WiFi感知方法对数据的采集量及接收器的硬件资源需求较高,同时海量的数据处理也会消耗大量软硬件资源.基于模型的WiFi感知方法通过建立动作模式与信号变化之间的数学模型,一定程度上降低了对数据量的依赖,但是主流方案仍然需要多个接收天线或者天线阵列.本文提出一种使用单天线接收器的感知方案,利用不同子载波的信道状态信息的比值消除硬件及噪声干扰,并提出基于方差和极差的子载波组合选择算法,筛选出优质的子载波组合得到动作特征.进一步提出基于菲涅尔区理论的高可用特征生成算法,巧妙地结合反射路径变化与信道状态信息(Channel State Information,CSI)动态相位旋转之间的关系,通过在复平面上的数据拟合与相位对齐获得高可用特征.理论分析和实验结果表明,本文提出的单天线方案完全符合菲涅尔区理论,同时,可以有效提升不同动作在不同场景下的识别效果.对于七种不同的动作,本文方案的总体识别准确率保持在95%左右,CSI选择和特征强化获得了约2%的准确率提升.展开更多
文摘法国DEMETER(Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions)卫星是世界上第一颗专门针对地震电离层扰动监测的电磁卫星,于2004年发射,2010年底结束运行,共在轨飞行6.5年,获得3万多条整轨数据,为地震监测及电离层物理研究提供了坚实的数据基础。全球科学家利用这颗卫星的数据开展了大量的地震应用研究,发表文章上百篇,将电磁卫星的地震应用研究推向了新的阶段。中国第一颗电磁监测试验卫星CSES(China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite)于2018年2月2日成功发射,目前已完成在轨测试并交付使用,科学数据也已正式对外发布。如何充分发挥CSES卫星的应用效能,将空间电磁监测向业务化运行转化,总结和思考DEMETER卫星的技术进步、研究成果及曾经出现过的问题,十分重要。因此,本文着重介绍DEMETER卫星在地震监测应用领域的代表性研究进展,并结合CSES卫星的设计和运转实践,对未来空间地震电磁探测及科学研究的发展方向进行一些初步讨论。
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81472650,81602763,81573050,82003358,81673061,81703132,31872739,31271483)the Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province[2020YFS0271]+5 种基金Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2016M592673,2018M631087,and 2017T100700)the Sichuan Provincial Outstanding Youth Fund(2015JQ0025)the Postdoctoral Fund for West China Hospital(2019HXBH075)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2019SCU12041,the Postdoctoral Foundation of Sichuan University)the National Science and Technology Major Project(2018ZX09733001-001-006 and 2019ZX09201003-003)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2021YJ0420).
文摘Interleukin-37b(hereafter called IL-37)was identified as fundamental inhibitor of natural and acquired immunity.The molecular mechanism and function of IL-37 in colorectal cancer(CRC)has been elusive.Here,we found that IL-37 transgenic(IL-37tg)mice were highly susceptible to colitis-associated colorectal cancer(CAC)and suffered from dramatically increased tumor burdens in colon.Nevertheless,IL-37 is dispensable for intestinal mutagenesis,and CRC cell proliferation,apoptosis,and migration.Notably,IL-37 dampened protective cytotoxic T cell-mediated immunity in CAC and B16-OVA models.CD8^(+)T cell dysfunction is defined by reduced retention and activation as well as failure to proliferate and produce cytotoxic cytokines in IL-37tg mice,enabling tumor evasion of immune surveillance.The dysfunction led by IL-37 antagonizes IL-18–induced proliferation and effector function of CD8+T cells,which was dependent on SIGIRR(single immunoglobulin interleukin-1 receptor-related protein).Finally,we observed that IL-37 levels were significantly increased in CRC patients,and positively correlated with serum CRC biomarker CEA levels,but negatively correlated with the CD8+T cell infiltration in CRC patients.Our findings highlight the role of IL-37 in harnessing antitumor immunity by inactivation of cytotoxic T cells and establish a new defined inhibitory factor IL-37/SIGIRR in cancerimmunity cycle as therapeutic targets in CRC.
基金the Shanghai Soft X-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility beamline projectionfunded by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(No.2017YFA0504802)+1 种基金Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB 37040303)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21727817).
文摘The Shanghai soft X-ray free-electron laser(SXFEL)user facility project started in 2016 and is expected to be open to users by 2022.It aims to deliver ultra-intense coherent femtosecond X-ray pulses to five endstations covering a range of 100–620 eV for ultrafast X-ray science.Two undulator lines are designed and constructed,based on different lasing modes:self-amplified spontaneous emission and echo-enabled harmonic generation.The coherent scattering and imaging(CSI)endstation is the first of five endstations to be commissioned online.It focuses on high-resolution single-shot imaging and the study of ultrafast dynamic processes using coherent forward scattering techniques.Both the single-shot holograms and coherent diffraction patterns were recorded and reconstructed for nanoscale imaging,indicating the excellent coherence and high peak power of the SXFEL and the possibility of‘‘diffraction before destruction’’experiments at the CSI endstation.In this study,we report the first commissioning results of the CSI endstation.
文摘现有的WiFi感知方法对数据的采集量及接收器的硬件资源需求较高,同时海量的数据处理也会消耗大量软硬件资源.基于模型的WiFi感知方法通过建立动作模式与信号变化之间的数学模型,一定程度上降低了对数据量的依赖,但是主流方案仍然需要多个接收天线或者天线阵列.本文提出一种使用单天线接收器的感知方案,利用不同子载波的信道状态信息的比值消除硬件及噪声干扰,并提出基于方差和极差的子载波组合选择算法,筛选出优质的子载波组合得到动作特征.进一步提出基于菲涅尔区理论的高可用特征生成算法,巧妙地结合反射路径变化与信道状态信息(Channel State Information,CSI)动态相位旋转之间的关系,通过在复平面上的数据拟合与相位对齐获得高可用特征.理论分析和实验结果表明,本文提出的单天线方案完全符合菲涅尔区理论,同时,可以有效提升不同动作在不同场景下的识别效果.对于七种不同的动作,本文方案的总体识别准确率保持在95%左右,CSI选择和特征强化获得了约2%的准确率提升.
