Postmenopausal women, who have reduced circulating estrogen levels, are more prone to develop obesity and related metabolic diseases than premenopausal women. The absence of safe and effective treatments for postmenop...Postmenopausal women, who have reduced circulating estrogen levels, are more prone to develop obesity and related metabolic diseases than premenopausal women. The absence of safe and effective treatments for postmenopausal obesity has changed the focus to natural products as alternative remedies. Total salvianolic acids(TSA) are the major water-soluble ingredients of Danshen. Salvianolic acid(SA) is the major constituent of the TSA. Salvianolic acids, including TSA and SA, are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. In the present study, ovariectomized rats and LO2 cells were used to study the effects of salvianolic acids on body weight gain and hepatic steatosis. Salvianolic acids reduced ovariectomy(OVX)-induced body weight gain, attenuated the expressions of hepatic lipogenic genes, such as sterol regulatory element binding protein(SREBP)1, fatty acid synthase(FAS), and stearoyl-CoA desaturase(SCD)1, and decreased the liver triglyceride(TG) and total cholesterol(TC). For the molecular mechanisms, OVX and high glucose-induced phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription(STAT)-3 was inhibited by salvianolic acids treatment. In LO2 cells, inhibition of STAT-3 by siRNA attenuated the increased expression of SREBP1 and TG induced by high glucose. Salvianolic acids reduced the upregulation of SREBP1 and TG induced by high glucose in LO2 cells. In conclusion, these findings illustrated that salvianolic acids markedly alleviated the lipid metabolism disorders and protected against the postmenopausal obesity. The underlying mechanism was probably associated with the regulation of STAT-3 signaling.展开更多
针对无线通信网络易受环境影响、拓扑结构变化迅速带来的服务质量(Quality of Service,QoS)保障需求和快速响应需求,提出一种基于Q学习的智能路由策略,利用强化学习技术能与环境实时交互的优势,以转控分离、网络可编程的软件定义网络(So...针对无线通信网络易受环境影响、拓扑结构变化迅速带来的服务质量(Quality of Service,QoS)保障需求和快速响应需求,提出一种基于Q学习的智能路由策略,利用强化学习技术能与环境实时交互的优势,以转控分离、网络可编程的软件定义网络(Software Defined Networking,SDN)架构为路由策略的部署平台,考虑路由跳数和网络流量对时延、带宽、丢包率等QoS的需求设计状态、动作、奖励等强化学习的基本要素,构建智能体,并搭建基于SDN的仿真环境,利用SDN控制器收集网络节点信息、链路状态信息开展智能体训练与测试,打造智能化的路由方案。仿真结果表明,所提方法能够根据网络中的实时信息和用户需求提供定制化的路由策略,进行动态智能选路,并进行快速响应。展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81573183 and 81673205)the Major Program of Natural Science Research of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(No.15KJA330001)+2 种基金the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.148RJZA081)Lanzhou Science and Technology(2014-1-18)
文摘Postmenopausal women, who have reduced circulating estrogen levels, are more prone to develop obesity and related metabolic diseases than premenopausal women. The absence of safe and effective treatments for postmenopausal obesity has changed the focus to natural products as alternative remedies. Total salvianolic acids(TSA) are the major water-soluble ingredients of Danshen. Salvianolic acid(SA) is the major constituent of the TSA. Salvianolic acids, including TSA and SA, are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. In the present study, ovariectomized rats and LO2 cells were used to study the effects of salvianolic acids on body weight gain and hepatic steatosis. Salvianolic acids reduced ovariectomy(OVX)-induced body weight gain, attenuated the expressions of hepatic lipogenic genes, such as sterol regulatory element binding protein(SREBP)1, fatty acid synthase(FAS), and stearoyl-CoA desaturase(SCD)1, and decreased the liver triglyceride(TG) and total cholesterol(TC). For the molecular mechanisms, OVX and high glucose-induced phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription(STAT)-3 was inhibited by salvianolic acids treatment. In LO2 cells, inhibition of STAT-3 by siRNA attenuated the increased expression of SREBP1 and TG induced by high glucose. Salvianolic acids reduced the upregulation of SREBP1 and TG induced by high glucose in LO2 cells. In conclusion, these findings illustrated that salvianolic acids markedly alleviated the lipid metabolism disorders and protected against the postmenopausal obesity. The underlying mechanism was probably associated with the regulation of STAT-3 signaling.
文摘针对无线通信网络易受环境影响、拓扑结构变化迅速带来的服务质量(Quality of Service,QoS)保障需求和快速响应需求,提出一种基于Q学习的智能路由策略,利用强化学习技术能与环境实时交互的优势,以转控分离、网络可编程的软件定义网络(Software Defined Networking,SDN)架构为路由策略的部署平台,考虑路由跳数和网络流量对时延、带宽、丢包率等QoS的需求设计状态、动作、奖励等强化学习的基本要素,构建智能体,并搭建基于SDN的仿真环境,利用SDN控制器收集网络节点信息、链路状态信息开展智能体训练与测试,打造智能化的路由方案。仿真结果表明,所提方法能够根据网络中的实时信息和用户需求提供定制化的路由策略,进行动态智能选路,并进行快速响应。
