Chiglitazar(Carfloglitazar)is a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR)pan-agonist that has shown promising effects on glycemic control and lipid regulation in patients with type 2 diabetes.In this rand...Chiglitazar(Carfloglitazar)is a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR)pan-agonist that has shown promising effects on glycemic control and lipid regulation in patients with type 2 diabetes.In this randomized phase 3 trial,we compared the efficacy and safety of chiglitazar with sitagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes who had insufficient glycemic control despite a strict diet and exercise regimen.Eligible patients were randomized(1:1:1)to receive chiglitazar 32 mg(n=245),chiglitazar 48 mg(n=246),or sitagliptin 100 mg(n=248)once daily for 24 weeks.The primary endpoint was the change in glycosylated hemoglobin A_(1C)(HbA_(1c))from baseline at week 24 with the non-inferiority of chiglitazar over sitagliptin.Both chiglitazar and sitagliptin significantly reduced HbA1c at week 24 with values of-1.40%,-1.47%,and-1.39%for chiglitazar 32 mg,chiglitazar 48 mg,and sitagliptin 100 mg,respectively.Chiglitazar 32 and 48 mg were both non-inferior to sitagliptin 100 mg,with mean differences of-0.04%(95%confidential interval(Cl)-0.22 to 0.15)and-0.08%(95%Cl-0.27 to 0.10),respectively.Compared with sitagliptin,greater reduction in fasting and 2-h postprandial plasma glucose and fasting insulin was observed with chiglitazar.Overall adverse event rates were similar between the groups.A small increase in mild edema in the chiglitazar 48 mg group and slight weight gain in both chiglitazar groups were reported.The overall results demonstrated that chiglitazar possesses good efficacy and safety profile in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with lifestyle interventions,thereby providing adequate supporting evidence for using this PPAR pan-agonist as a treatment option for type 2 diabetes.展开更多
This study aims to investigate the regional variations of trabecular morphological parameters and mechanical parameters of the femoral head,as well as to determine the relationship between trabecular morphological and...This study aims to investigate the regional variations of trabecular morphological parameters and mechanical parameters of the femoral head,as well as to determine the relationship between trabecular morphological and mechanical parameters.Seven femoral heads from patients with fractured proximal femur were scanned using a micro-CT system.Each femoral head was divided into 12 sub-regions according to the trabecular orientation.One 125 mm^3 trabecular cubic model was reconstructed from each sub-region.A total of 81 trabecular models were reconstructed,except three destroyed sub-regions from two femoral heads during the surgery.Trabecular morphological parameters,i.e.trabecular separation（Tb.Sp）,trabecular thickness（Tb.Th）,specific bone surface（BS/B V）,bone volume fraction（BV/TV）,structural model index（SMI）,and degree of anisotropy（DA） were measured.Micro-finite element analyses were performed for each cube to obtain the apparent Young＇s modulus and tissue level von Mises stress distribution under 1%compressive strain along three orthogonal directions,respectively.Results revealed significant regional variations in the morphological parameters（P〈0.05）.Young＇s moduli along the trabecular orientation were significantly higher than those along the other two directions.In general,trabecular mechanical properties in the medial region were lower than those in the lateral region.Trabecular mechanical parameters along the trabecular orientation were significantly correlated with BS/BV,BV/TV,Tb.Th,and DA.In this study,regional variations of microstructural features and mechanical properties in the femoral head of patients with proximal femur fracture were thoroughly investigated at the tissue level.The results of this study will help to elucidate the mechanism of femoral head fracture for reducing fracture risk and developing treatment strategies for the elderly.展开更多
针对当前智慧水利的建设主要从信息化建设的角度展开,缺乏专业知识驱动的洪水信息智能推演与管理的问题。本文通过分析智慧水利的内涵与主要特征,设计了融合专业机理知识的智慧水利建设总体框架,并从水利信息的感知、预警、调度、管理...针对当前智慧水利的建设主要从信息化建设的角度展开,缺乏专业知识驱动的洪水信息智能推演与管理的问题。本文通过分析智慧水利的内涵与主要特征,设计了融合专业机理知识的智慧水利建设总体框架,并从水利信息的感知、预警、调度、管理的角度探讨了智慧水利建设的关键技术。提出了将空间信息技术的格网划分以及多粒度认知计算用于气象与水文数据融合模型的构建,实现多粒度、多层级气象数据与水文数据的融合;基于智能分析、机器学习、深度学习等人工智能技术,结合水利水文专业模型与知识,依据专业的降雨洪水、洪水调度、洪水演进等机理推演水循环的态势变化;利用GIS(Geographic Information System)、BIM(Building Information Modeling)等三维场景大数据可视化、实景融合、动画模拟、场景交互技术,搭建一个融合专业机理、情景交互式、三维风险模拟的智慧水利平台;真正实现水利对象或过程的智能感知、记忆、研判(应用知识)和升华(创造知识),为河湖智能化管理提供必要的技术支撑,深化智慧水利的建设。展开更多
Dolichospermum spp.and Microcystis spp.are two common cyanobacteria that form blooms in the Changjiang(Yangtze)River basin,but the environmental conditions for their succession in large lakes are still unclear.Based o...Dolichospermum spp.and Microcystis spp.are two common cyanobacteria that form blooms in the Changjiang(Yangtze)River basin,but the environmental conditions for their succession in large lakes are still unclear.Based on daily monitoring data from Meiliang Bay in Taihu Lake from March to June,2016-2018,we studied the environmental conditions necessary for the succession of these two cyanobacteria.Results show that from March to June,the dominant genera of cyanobacteria experienced succession and co-dominated with Microcystis.The succession process included three stages.In StageⅠ,the biomass of Dolichospermum and Microcystis was similar(March),but Dolichospermum was dominant for most of the period.In StageⅡ,dominance alternated between Dolichospermum and Microcystis(April to mid-May).In StageⅢ,the biomass of Microcystis dominated(mid-May to June).In addition,temperature and nutrients across the three stages varied significantly.The average temperature increased continuously from 10.9 to 18.4,and to 24.2℃.The total nitrogen content decreased from 2.87 to 2.40,and to 1.86 mg/L.The total phosphorus content increased from 0.08 to 0.09,and to 0.12 mg/L.Correlation analysis revealed that Microcystis biomass was positively correlated with temperature and total phosphorus.Dolichospermum biomass was positively correlated with total nitrogen.Classification and regression tree displays that when the temperature was below 18.1℃,Dolichospermum dominated;above 18.1℃,Microcystis took over.Further analysis revealed that when temperature reached 18℃,the biomass of Microcystis increased exponentially,and the biomass of Dolichospermum exhibited a Gaussian distribution trend.This finding indicated that temperature was the key factor in the succession of Dolichospermum and Microcystis in nutrient-rich shallow lakes.As nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations decrease,the dominant species of cyanobacteria will diversify its development.The results of this study provide a foundation for risk prediction and control strategies f展开更多
Quantum teleportation can transfer an unknown quantum state between distant quantum nodes,which holds great promise in enabling large-scale quantum networks.To advance the full potential of quantum teleportation,quant...Quantum teleportation can transfer an unknown quantum state between distant quantum nodes,which holds great promise in enabling large-scale quantum networks.To advance the full potential of quantum teleportation,quantum states must be faithfully transferred at a high rate over long distance.Despite recent impressive advances,a high-rate quantum teleportation system across metropolitan fiber networks is extremely desired.Here,we demonstrate a quantum teleportation system which transfers quantum states carried by independent photons at a rate of 7.1±0.4 Hz over 64-km-long fiber channel.An average single-photon fidelity of≥90.6±2.6%is achieved,which exceeds the maximum fidelity of 2/3 in classical regime.Our result marks an important milestone towards quantum networks and opens the door to exploring quantum entanglement based informatic applications for the future quantum internet.展开更多
基金the Chinese National and Provincial Major Project for New Drug Innovation(National:2008ZX09101-002,2013ZX09401301Provincial:2011A080501010)Shenzhen Municipal Major Project(2010-1746)。
文摘Chiglitazar(Carfloglitazar)is a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR)pan-agonist that has shown promising effects on glycemic control and lipid regulation in patients with type 2 diabetes.In this randomized phase 3 trial,we compared the efficacy and safety of chiglitazar with sitagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes who had insufficient glycemic control despite a strict diet and exercise regimen.Eligible patients were randomized(1:1:1)to receive chiglitazar 32 mg(n=245),chiglitazar 48 mg(n=246),or sitagliptin 100 mg(n=248)once daily for 24 weeks.The primary endpoint was the change in glycosylated hemoglobin A_(1C)(HbA_(1c))from baseline at week 24 with the non-inferiority of chiglitazar over sitagliptin.Both chiglitazar and sitagliptin significantly reduced HbA1c at week 24 with values of-1.40%,-1.47%,and-1.39%for chiglitazar 32 mg,chiglitazar 48 mg,and sitagliptin 100 mg,respectively.Chiglitazar 32 and 48 mg were both non-inferior to sitagliptin 100 mg,with mean differences of-0.04%(95%confidential interval(Cl)-0.22 to 0.15)and-0.08%(95%Cl-0.27 to 0.10),respectively.Compared with sitagliptin,greater reduction in fasting and 2-h postprandial plasma glucose and fasting insulin was observed with chiglitazar.Overall adverse event rates were similar between the groups.A small increase in mild edema in the chiglitazar 48 mg group and slight weight gain in both chiglitazar groups were reported.The overall results demonstrated that chiglitazar possesses good efficacy and safety profile in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with lifestyle interventions,thereby providing adequate supporting evidence for using this PPAR pan-agonist as a treatment option for type 2 diabetes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11322223,11432016,81471753 and 11272134)the 973 Program(No.2012CB821202)
文摘This study aims to investigate the regional variations of trabecular morphological parameters and mechanical parameters of the femoral head,as well as to determine the relationship between trabecular morphological and mechanical parameters.Seven femoral heads from patients with fractured proximal femur were scanned using a micro-CT system.Each femoral head was divided into 12 sub-regions according to the trabecular orientation.One 125 mm^3 trabecular cubic model was reconstructed from each sub-region.A total of 81 trabecular models were reconstructed,except three destroyed sub-regions from two femoral heads during the surgery.Trabecular morphological parameters,i.e.trabecular separation（Tb.Sp）,trabecular thickness（Tb.Th）,specific bone surface（BS/B V）,bone volume fraction（BV/TV）,structural model index（SMI）,and degree of anisotropy（DA） were measured.Micro-finite element analyses were performed for each cube to obtain the apparent Young＇s modulus and tissue level von Mises stress distribution under 1%compressive strain along three orthogonal directions,respectively.Results revealed significant regional variations in the morphological parameters（P〈0.05）.Young＇s moduli along the trabecular orientation were significantly higher than those along the other two directions.In general,trabecular mechanical properties in the medial region were lower than those in the lateral region.Trabecular mechanical parameters along the trabecular orientation were significantly correlated with BS/BV,BV/TV,Tb.Th,and DA.In this study,regional variations of microstructural features and mechanical properties in the femoral head of patients with proximal femur fracture were thoroughly investigated at the tissue level.The results of this study will help to elucidate the mechanism of femoral head fracture for reducing fracture risk and developing treatment strategies for the elderly.
文摘针对当前智慧水利的建设主要从信息化建设的角度展开,缺乏专业知识驱动的洪水信息智能推演与管理的问题。本文通过分析智慧水利的内涵与主要特征,设计了融合专业机理知识的智慧水利建设总体框架,并从水利信息的感知、预警、调度、管理的角度探讨了智慧水利建设的关键技术。提出了将空间信息技术的格网划分以及多粒度认知计算用于气象与水文数据融合模型的构建,实现多粒度、多层级气象数据与水文数据的融合;基于智能分析、机器学习、深度学习等人工智能技术,结合水利水文专业模型与知识,依据专业的降雨洪水、洪水调度、洪水演进等机理推演水循环的态势变化;利用GIS(Geographic Information System)、BIM(Building Information Modeling)等三维场景大数据可视化、实景融合、动画模拟、场景交互技术,搭建一个融合专业机理、情景交互式、三维风险模拟的智慧水利平台;真正实现水利对象或过程的智能感知、记忆、研判(应用知识)和升华(创造知识),为河湖智能化管理提供必要的技术支撑,深化智慧水利的建设。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42007159)the Network Security and Informatization Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.CAS-WX2021SF-050402)+2 种基金the Water Science and Technology Project of Jiangsu Province(No.2020004)the Key Project of Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of Sciences(No.NIGLAS2022GS03)。
文摘Dolichospermum spp.and Microcystis spp.are two common cyanobacteria that form blooms in the Changjiang(Yangtze)River basin,but the environmental conditions for their succession in large lakes are still unclear.Based on daily monitoring data from Meiliang Bay in Taihu Lake from March to June,2016-2018,we studied the environmental conditions necessary for the succession of these two cyanobacteria.Results show that from March to June,the dominant genera of cyanobacteria experienced succession and co-dominated with Microcystis.The succession process included three stages.In StageⅠ,the biomass of Dolichospermum and Microcystis was similar(March),but Dolichospermum was dominant for most of the period.In StageⅡ,dominance alternated between Dolichospermum and Microcystis(April to mid-May).In StageⅢ,the biomass of Microcystis dominated(mid-May to June).In addition,temperature and nutrients across the three stages varied significantly.The average temperature increased continuously from 10.9 to 18.4,and to 24.2℃.The total nitrogen content decreased from 2.87 to 2.40,and to 1.86 mg/L.The total phosphorus content increased from 0.08 to 0.09,and to 0.12 mg/L.Correlation analysis revealed that Microcystis biomass was positively correlated with temperature and total phosphorus.Dolichospermum biomass was positively correlated with total nitrogen.Classification and regression tree displays that when the temperature was below 18.1℃,Dolichospermum dominated;above 18.1℃,Microcystis took over.Further analysis revealed that when temperature reached 18℃,the biomass of Microcystis increased exponentially,and the biomass of Dolichospermum exhibited a Gaussian distribution trend.This finding indicated that temperature was the key factor in the succession of Dolichospermum and Microcystis in nutrient-rich shallow lakes.As nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations decrease,the dominant species of cyanobacteria will diversify its development.The results of this study provide a foundation for risk prediction and control strategies f
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2018YFA0307400,2018YFA0306102)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61775025,91836102,U19A2076,62005039)+1 种基金Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(No.2021ZD0301702)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Nos.2021YFSY0066,2021YFSY0062,2021YFSY0063,2021YFSY0064,2021YFSY0065).The authors thank X.X.H,Y.X.L and L.B.Z from the Information Center of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(UESTC)for providing access to the campus fiber network and for the help during the experiment.
文摘Quantum teleportation can transfer an unknown quantum state between distant quantum nodes,which holds great promise in enabling large-scale quantum networks.To advance the full potential of quantum teleportation,quantum states must be faithfully transferred at a high rate over long distance.Despite recent impressive advances,a high-rate quantum teleportation system across metropolitan fiber networks is extremely desired.Here,we demonstrate a quantum teleportation system which transfers quantum states carried by independent photons at a rate of 7.1±0.4 Hz over 64-km-long fiber channel.An average single-photon fidelity of≥90.6±2.6%is achieved,which exceeds the maximum fidelity of 2/3 in classical regime.Our result marks an important milestone towards quantum networks and opens the door to exploring quantum entanglement based informatic applications for the future quantum internet.
