Purpose: To determine the prevalence of relative anterior microphthalmos (RAM) and evaluate intraoperative performance and surgical outcome in eyes with RAM undergoing cataract surgery. Design: Nested case-control ser...Purpose: To determine the prevalence of relative anterior microphthalmos (RAM) and evaluate intraoperative performance and surgical outcome in eyes with RAM undergoing cataract surgery. Design: Nested case-control series. Participants: One thousand four hundred consecutive patients undergoing cataract surgery were evaluated to determine the prevalence of RAM. Relative anterior microphthalmos is defined as horizontal corneal diameter (HCD) ≤ 11 mm, anterior chamber depth (ACD) ≤ 2.2 mm, and axial length (AL)>20 mm, with no other morphologic malformation. Methods: Patients were examined preoperatively for HCD, ACD, and AL. Horizontal corneal diameter was measured with calipers. Anterior chamber depth and AL were measured with immersion shell with water. Associated ocular pathologic conditionswere recorded. Two control groupswere identified. Group I (normal eyes; n=84) had HCD >11 mm, ACD >2.2 mm, and AL >20 mm. Group II (eyes with small corneal diameter; n=84) had HCD ≤ 11 mm, ACD >2.2 mm, and AL >20 mm. Main Outcome Measures: Patients with RAM and controls were evaluated for intraoperative performance and postoperative outcome. The 2- tailed Fisher exact test was applied to compare the performance of RAM with each of the control groups. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) was determined. Results: The prevalence of RAM was 6% (84 of 1400 eyes; 95% CI, 0.048- 0.074). Relative anterior microphthalmos was associated with the presence of small pupil, 34 (40.48% ); corneal guttae, 31(36.9% ); glaucoma, 29(34.5% ); and pseudoexfoliation, 6(7.14% ). Intraoperatively, RAM was associated with overall surgical difficulty because of less working space in 59 eyes (70.24% ; OR, 63.7; 95% CI, 18.3- 221; P < 0.001) compared with control groups I and II; uveal trauma in 12(14.28% ); Descemet’s detachment in 5 (5.95% ); and posterior capsule rupture in 2 (2.38% ). Postoperatively, RAM was associated with transient corneal edema in 63 eyes (75% ; OR, 9.0; 95% CI, 4.4- 18.0; P < 0.001; OR, 5.4; 95% CI, 展开更多
We discuss the realization of broadband wavelength detection by demonstrating the longest cutoff wavelength(λc=28.6μm)far-infrared GaAs/AIGaAs quantum well infrared photodetectors(QWIPs).The responsivity is comparab...We discuss the realization of broadband wavelength detection by demonstrating the longest cutoff wavelength(λc=28.6μm)far-infrared GaAs/AIGaAs quantum well infrared photodetectors(QWIPs).The responsivity is comparable to that of mid-infrared GaAs/AIGaAs and InGaAs/GaAs QWIPs,with a responsivity of 0.265 A/W and detectivity of 3.4x109 cm.Hz1/2/W at the peak wavelength of 26.9μm at 4.2K.Based on the temperature-dependent dark current and response results,it is expected that similar performance can be obtained at least up to 20 K.Several ways to expand the wavelength coverage are also addressed.展开更多
Oxidative stress occurs in the organism with ischemia due to tourniquet use and subsequent reperfusion. Oxidative stress increases postoperative morbidity. Some Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) perform t...Oxidative stress occurs in the organism with ischemia due to tourniquet use and subsequent reperfusion. Oxidative stress increases postoperative morbidity. Some Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) perform their anti-inflammatory effects in part by binding or inhibiting their formation of active oxygen radicals at the site of inflammation. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of IV ibuprofen on ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty over oxidative stress parameters.<span> </span><span>The patients were randomly divided into two groups. Each patient</span><span>’</span><span>s protocol number, age, sex, body mass index (BMI), additional disease, drug use, tourniquet time, hemoglobin value, additional analgesic requirement and application, adverse reaction development on the first postoperative day were recorded in the research follow-up form. Both groups of patients;before anesthesia, 45 minutes after tourniquet application, 5 minutes after tourniquet lowering, 20 minutes after tourniquet lowering and at 24th-hour post-op;TOS, TAS, paraoxonase, arylesterase, myeloperoxidase, catalase, ceruloplasmin, albumin, IMA, thiol-disulfide balance tests were studied. Statistical analysis of test results was performed.</span><span> </span><span>We observed that antioxidants decreased and oxidants increased on the first postoperative day in both groups in patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty. The decrease in antioxidant parameters was higher in IV ibuprofen doses compared to the control group in the case group;these doses indicate that the drug adversely affects the organism in the fight against oxidative stress, which is an undesirable effect. To evaluate this negative effect of IV ibuprofen which is increasingly used in postoperative analgesia, studies with different doses of drugs and different surgeries may be needed.</span>展开更多
The experimental observations about the complex nonlinear behavior of spontaneous pulsing of dc biased,p-i-n diodes RC circuits are reported.Time intervals series between successive pulses in spike trains were analyze...The experimental observations about the complex nonlinear behavior of spontaneous pulsing of dc biased,p-i-n diodes RC circuits are reported.Time intervals series between successive pulses in spike trains were analyzed.Transitions from quasiperiodicity into chaos via mode-locking were observed.The phase portrait is analyzed to reveal that the system is really characterized by a strange attractor.Finally,the embedding algorithm has applied to determine the fractal dimension of the attractor.展开更多
文摘Purpose: To determine the prevalence of relative anterior microphthalmos (RAM) and evaluate intraoperative performance and surgical outcome in eyes with RAM undergoing cataract surgery. Design: Nested case-control series. Participants: One thousand four hundred consecutive patients undergoing cataract surgery were evaluated to determine the prevalence of RAM. Relative anterior microphthalmos is defined as horizontal corneal diameter (HCD) ≤ 11 mm, anterior chamber depth (ACD) ≤ 2.2 mm, and axial length (AL)>20 mm, with no other morphologic malformation. Methods: Patients were examined preoperatively for HCD, ACD, and AL. Horizontal corneal diameter was measured with calipers. Anterior chamber depth and AL were measured with immersion shell with water. Associated ocular pathologic conditionswere recorded. Two control groupswere identified. Group I (normal eyes; n=84) had HCD >11 mm, ACD >2.2 mm, and AL >20 mm. Group II (eyes with small corneal diameter; n=84) had HCD ≤ 11 mm, ACD >2.2 mm, and AL >20 mm. Main Outcome Measures: Patients with RAM and controls were evaluated for intraoperative performance and postoperative outcome. The 2- tailed Fisher exact test was applied to compare the performance of RAM with each of the control groups. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) was determined. Results: The prevalence of RAM was 6% (84 of 1400 eyes; 95% CI, 0.048- 0.074). Relative anterior microphthalmos was associated with the presence of small pupil, 34 (40.48% ); corneal guttae, 31(36.9% ); glaucoma, 29(34.5% ); and pseudoexfoliation, 6(7.14% ). Intraoperatively, RAM was associated with overall surgical difficulty because of less working space in 59 eyes (70.24% ; OR, 63.7; 95% CI, 18.3- 221; P < 0.001) compared with control groups I and II; uveal trauma in 12(14.28% ); Descemet’s detachment in 5 (5.95% ); and posterior capsule rupture in 2 (2.38% ). Postoperatively, RAM was associated with transient corneal edema in 63 eyes (75% ; OR, 9.0; 95% CI, 4.4- 18.0; P < 0.001; OR, 5.4; 95% CI,
基金Supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,QMX,TRAPOYT,and CKSP.
文摘We discuss the realization of broadband wavelength detection by demonstrating the longest cutoff wavelength(λc=28.6μm)far-infrared GaAs/AIGaAs quantum well infrared photodetectors(QWIPs).The responsivity is comparable to that of mid-infrared GaAs/AIGaAs and InGaAs/GaAs QWIPs,with a responsivity of 0.265 A/W and detectivity of 3.4x109 cm.Hz1/2/W at the peak wavelength of 26.9μm at 4.2K.Based on the temperature-dependent dark current and response results,it is expected that similar performance can be obtained at least up to 20 K.Several ways to expand the wavelength coverage are also addressed.
文摘Oxidative stress occurs in the organism with ischemia due to tourniquet use and subsequent reperfusion. Oxidative stress increases postoperative morbidity. Some Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) perform their anti-inflammatory effects in part by binding or inhibiting their formation of active oxygen radicals at the site of inflammation. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of IV ibuprofen on ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty over oxidative stress parameters.<span> </span><span>The patients were randomly divided into two groups. Each patient</span><span>’</span><span>s protocol number, age, sex, body mass index (BMI), additional disease, drug use, tourniquet time, hemoglobin value, additional analgesic requirement and application, adverse reaction development on the first postoperative day were recorded in the research follow-up form. Both groups of patients;before anesthesia, 45 minutes after tourniquet application, 5 minutes after tourniquet lowering, 20 minutes after tourniquet lowering and at 24th-hour post-op;TOS, TAS, paraoxonase, arylesterase, myeloperoxidase, catalase, ceruloplasmin, albumin, IMA, thiol-disulfide balance tests were studied. Statistical analysis of test results was performed.</span><span> </span><span>We observed that antioxidants decreased and oxidants increased on the first postoperative day in both groups in patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty. The decrease in antioxidant parameters was higher in IV ibuprofen doses compared to the control group in the case group;these doses indicate that the drug adversely affects the organism in the fight against oxidative stress, which is an undesirable effect. To evaluate this negative effect of IV ibuprofen which is increasingly used in postoperative analgesia, studies with different doses of drugs and different surgeries may be needed.</span>
文摘The experimental observations about the complex nonlinear behavior of spontaneous pulsing of dc biased,p-i-n diodes RC circuits are reported.Time intervals series between successive pulses in spike trains were analyzed.Transitions from quasiperiodicity into chaos via mode-locking were observed.The phase portrait is analyzed to reveal that the system is really characterized by a strange attractor.Finally,the embedding algorithm has applied to determine the fractal dimension of the attractor.
