Due to complex atmospheric circulations and topography,warm season moisture variability demonstrates significant regional variations in China.Studies based on the various proxy data suggested that there existed an ant...Due to complex atmospheric circulations and topography,warm season moisture variability demonstrates significant regional variations in China.Studies based on the various proxy data suggested that there existed an anti-phase relationship in terms of moisture changes between the westerly-dominated arid central Asia(including Central Asia and Xinjiang in China)and monsoonal northern China during the last millennium[1,2].Besides the West-East anti-phase mode,the moisture variations in monsoonal eastern China exhibit a North-South anti-phase spatial structure,with a boundary roughly along the Huai River[2].In fact,the proxy data used in previous studies primarily reflect the moisture variability in the warm season.Generally,the North-South mode coupled with the West-East mode represents a warm season tripolar hydroclimatic pattern in China with three centers located respectively in the arid region(Xinjiang),semiarid region(North China),and humid region(South China)during the last millennium.Specifically,the warm season moisture variations in the semiarid region are out-of-phase with those in the arid and humid regions in the past when the anthropogenic effects are relatively weak[3].The pattern of moisture variability has a significant effect on water resources,food production and ecosystem[4-8].In future,the climate variations are largely drived by the anthropogenic factors[9,10].Therefore,investigating the spatiotemporal variation of this tripolar pattern and their mechanisms in the context of anthropogenic changes is important for agriculture,ecology,and economy in China.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41790421 and 41877446)Maps in this article were reviewed by Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China(GS(2020)909).
文摘Due to complex atmospheric circulations and topography,warm season moisture variability demonstrates significant regional variations in China.Studies based on the various proxy data suggested that there existed an anti-phase relationship in terms of moisture changes between the westerly-dominated arid central Asia(including Central Asia and Xinjiang in China)and monsoonal northern China during the last millennium[1,2].Besides the West-East anti-phase mode,the moisture variations in monsoonal eastern China exhibit a North-South anti-phase spatial structure,with a boundary roughly along the Huai River[2].In fact,the proxy data used in previous studies primarily reflect the moisture variability in the warm season.Generally,the North-South mode coupled with the West-East mode represents a warm season tripolar hydroclimatic pattern in China with three centers located respectively in the arid region(Xinjiang),semiarid region(North China),and humid region(South China)during the last millennium.Specifically,the warm season moisture variations in the semiarid region are out-of-phase with those in the arid and humid regions in the past when the anthropogenic effects are relatively weak[3].The pattern of moisture variability has a significant effect on water resources,food production and ecosystem[4-8].In future,the climate variations are largely drived by the anthropogenic factors[9,10].Therefore,investigating the spatiotemporal variation of this tripolar pattern and their mechanisms in the context of anthropogenic changes is important for agriculture,ecology,and economy in China.
