摘要
Micro-tubers are important propagules in potato breeding and potato production, and they are also dormant and easily transported and therefore good targets for mutation induction in potato mutation breeding. A prerequisite for mutation breeding is to determine optimal mutation treatments. Therefore, radio-sensitivity tests of a tetraploid and a diploid potato to gamma irradiation were undertaken. Effects of different gamma sources on radio-activity were also studied. In vitro potato cuttings were gamma irradiated using a wide dose range (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 20 Gy). The irradiated cuttings were then cultured to induce micro-tubers directly in vitro. Micro-tuber morphotypes were assessed after irradiation of cuttings using three gamma sources with emission activities of 1.8, 7.07 and 139 Gy/min. The diploid species (Solanum verrucosum) was more radio-sensitive than the tetraploid cultivar Desirée (Solanum tuberosum). Gamma dose rates had significant influences on subsequent micro-tuber production at various mutant generations. Effects included reductions in the number, size and weight of micro-tubers produced. Gamma dose was more lethal for the diploid potato genotype and micro-tubers produced were small compared to those produced by the tetraploid genotype after irradiation. Different treatments are recommended for diploid and tetraploid potato irradiation in producing large mutant micro-tuber populations. The mutant micro-tuber populations may then be screened for interesting mutations/trait for both genetics and plant breeding purposes.
Micro-tubers are important propagules in potato breeding and potato production, and they are also dormant and easily transported and therefore good targets for mutation induction in potato mutation breeding. A prerequisite for mutation breeding is to determine optimal mutation treatments. Therefore, radio-sensitivity tests of a tetraploid and a diploid potato to gamma irradiation were undertaken. Effects of different gamma sources on radio-activity were also studied. In vitro potato cuttings were gamma irradiated using a wide dose range (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 20 Gy). The irradiated cuttings were then cultured to induce micro-tubers directly in vitro. Micro-tuber morphotypes were assessed after irradiation of cuttings using three gamma sources with emission activities of 1.8, 7.07 and 139 Gy/min. The diploid species (Solanum verrucosum) was more radio-sensitive than the tetraploid cultivar Desirée (Solanum tuberosum). Gamma dose rates had significant influences on subsequent micro-tuber production at various mutant generations. Effects included reductions in the number, size and weight of micro-tubers produced. Gamma dose was more lethal for the diploid potato genotype and micro-tubers produced were small compared to those produced by the tetraploid genotype after irradiation. Different treatments are recommended for diploid and tetraploid potato irradiation in producing large mutant micro-tuber populations. The mutant micro-tuber populations may then be screened for interesting mutations/trait for both genetics and plant breeding purposes.
作者
Souleymane Bado
Margit Laimer
Ndiogou Gueye
Ndeye Fatou Deme
Enoch Sapey
Abdelbagi Mukhtar Ali Ghanim
Vivian Carol Blok
Brian Peter Forster
Souleymane Bado;Margit Laimer;Ndiogou Gueye;Ndeye Fatou Deme;Enoch Sapey;Abdelbagi Mukhtar Ali Ghanim;Vivian Carol Blok;Brian Peter Forster(Plant Breeding and Genetics Laboratory (PBGL), Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, FAO/IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria;Plant Biotechnology Unit, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria;Biotechnology Laboratory of Mushrooms, Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences & Techniques, University of Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar Fann, Sénégal;Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Oil Palm Research Institute (OPRI), Kade, Ghana;The James Hutton Institute, Errol Rd, Invergowrie, Dundee, UK;BioHybrids International Ltd., Reading, UK)
