摘要
Ploughing and fertilization practices in rice-wheat system have deteriorated the soil carbon (C) pools. Conservation agriculture (CA) based management approaches have proven to enhance C sequestration and reverse the loss of soil-organic-carbon (SOC), which further enhances soil fertility. Different fractions of SOC pools react to the alterations in management practices and indicate changes in SOC dynamics as compared to total C in the soil. Higher SOC levels in soil have been observed in case of reduced/no-till (NT) practices than conventional tillage (CT). However, between CT and zero tillage/NT, total SOC stocks diminished with an increase in soil depth, which demonstrated that the benefits of SOC are more pronounced in the topsoil under NT. Soil aggregation provides physical protection to C associated with different-sized particles, thus, the improvement in soil aggregation through CA is an effective way to mitigate soil C loss. Along with less soil disturbance, residual management, suitable crop rotation, rational application of manures and fertilizers, and integrated nutrient management have been found to be effective in not only improving soil C stock but also enhancing the soil health and productivity. Thus, CA can be considered as a potential method in the build-up of SOC of soil in rice-wheat system.
Ploughing and fertilization practices in rice-wheat system have deteriorated the soil carbon (C) pools. Conservation agriculture (CA) based management approaches have proven to enhance C sequestration and reverse the loss of soil-organic-carbon (SOC), which further enhances soil fertility. Different fractions of SOC pools react to the alterations in management practices and indicate changes in SOC dynamics as compared to total C in the soil. Higher SOC levels in soil have been observed in case of reduced/no-till (NT) practices than conventional tillage (CT). However, between CT and zero tillage/NT, total SOC stocks diminished with an increase in soil depth, which demonstrated that the benefits of SOC are more pronounced in the topsoil under NT. Soil aggregation provides physical protection to C associated with different-sized particles, thus, the improvement in soil aggregation through CA is an effective way to mitigate soil C loss. Along with less soil disturbance, residual management, suitable crop rotation, rational application of manures and fertilizers, and integrated nutrient management have been found to be effective in not only improving soil C stock but also enhancing the soil health and productivity. Thus, CA can be considered as a potential method in the build-up of SOC of soil in rice-wheat system.
作者
Salwinder Singh Dhaliwal
Arvind Kumar Shukla
Sanjib Kumar Behera
Sarwan Kumar Dubey
Agniva Mandal
Mehakpreet Kaur Randhawa
Sharanjit Kaur Brar
Gagandeep Kaur
Amardeep Singh Toor
Sohan Singh Walia
Priyadarshani Arun Khambalkar
Salwinder Singh Dhaliwal;Arvind Kumar Shukla;Sanjib Kumar Behera;Sarwan Kumar Dubey;Agniva Mandal;Mehakpreet Kaur Randhawa;Sharanjit Kaur Brar;Gagandeep Kaur;Amardeep Singh Toor;Sohan Singh Walia;Priyadarshani Arun Khambalkar(Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India;Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, India;Indian Institute of Soil Science (ISSS), Bhopal, India;Indian Council of Agricultural Research—Central Soil Salinity Research Institute (ICAR-CSSRI), Karnal, India;Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, India;Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, USA;School of Organic Farming, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India;Department of Soil Science, Rajmata Vijayaraje Sciendia Krishi Viswa Vidalaya, Gwalior, India)
