摘要
喀斯特石漠化地区既是生态建设的主战场,也是脱贫攻坚的主战场。为了科学“治石”和“治贫”,顺利推进喀斯特石漠化地区生态文明建设,文章在阐述喀斯特石漠化的概念和内涵基础上,分析了自然动力因素及人为动力因素在其形成中的作用,治理的核心任务、阶段以及趋势,以此来揭示石漠化治理足迹。研究表明,喀斯特生态系统过度干扰导致的植被破坏、森林消亡是喀斯特石漠化产生的必要条件。根据学界和政府在石漠化治理过程中提出的重要观点及发生重大事件的时间节点,将喀斯特石漠化治理的阶段划分为岩漠化治理、学界探索治理、政府主导治理、科学治理以及依法治理等五个阶段和层次。喀斯特石漠化治理的核心任务包括植被修复与重建、贫困治理和生态文明建设三个方面和层次,治理趋势进入居民自觉参与及依法治理阶段,治理路径从“输血式”治理方式转向“造血式”治理方式,并利用生态产业来实现产业化发展。石漠化地区可加强森林管护,利用新技术、新材料、多行业、多模式来促进石漠化地区生态文明建设。该研究可为今后石漠化(治理)研究提供参考价值。
Karst rocky desertification area is not only the main battlefield for ecological construction, but also the main battlefield for poverty alleviation. In order to scientifically “cure stone” and “cure poverty” and smoothly promote the construction of ecological civilization in karst rocky desertification areas, based on the definition and connotation of karst rocky desertification, this paper analyzes the role of natural and human factors in its formation, the core tasks, stages and trends of control, so as to reveal the footprint of rocky desertification control. Research shows that vegetation destruction and forest extinction caused by excessive disturbance of karst ecosystem are the necessary conditions for karst rocky desertification. According to the important viewpoints put forward by academic circles and the government in the process of rocky desertification control and the timing of major events, the stages of karst rocky desertification control are divided into five stages and levels: rocky desertification control, academic exploration control, government-led control, scientific control and legal control. The core tasks of karst rocky desertification control include three aspects and levels of vegetation restoration and reconstruction, poverty control and ecological civilization construction. The control trend has entered the stage of residents’ conscious participation and legal control. The control path has changed from “blood transfusion” to “hematopoiesis” and ecological industry has been used to realize industrial development. Rocky desertification areas can strengthen forest management and protection, and use new technologies, new materials, multi-industry and multi-mode to promote ecological civilization construction in rocky desertification areas. This study can provide reference value for future research karst rock-desertification (Control).
出处
《地球科学前沿（汉斯）》
2019年第11期1154-1166,共13页
Advances in Geosciences
基金
贵州2017年科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2017]2872)
贵州教育厅青年科技人才成长项目(黔教合KY字[2016]284)
“十一五”社会发展攻关项目(黔合同SZ字[2008]3015)
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0502600)
国家自然科学基金项目(41501006)
贵州省社发攻关项目(黔科合SY字[2012]3009)。
