摘要
重金属氧化物玻璃是近年发展起来的一类新型玻璃。所谓重金属氧化物,主要指的是氧化铋、氧化铅以及其他在元素周期表中的第五、六周期中具有高原子量的金属氧化物。它们在玻璃组成中的含量一般都超过50％,所以将此类玻璃称作为重金属氧化物（HMO）玻璃。与普通的玻璃相比,最大差异之处在于它们不含有传统观念的玻璃网络形成氧化物,例如SiO<sub>2</sub>,P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>,B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>和GeO<sub>2</sub>。
A new kind of glasses - heavy metal oxide glasses - based on the oxide of lead, bismuth and gallium which have the highest nonlinear optical susceptibilities and diamagnetio Verdet constants for oxide glasses and can be used as the material of a picosecond optical switching in optical communication and computers. Although these glasses contain none of the traditional glass forming cations, they have a unique ability to form stable glasses while maintaining the outstanding properties. Within the range of the compositions investigated in this study, the infrared cutoff of these glasses were located on 7.7~8.1 μm which is the longest wavelength in the oxide glasses. They also have an excellent chemical durability with the dissolution rate between 10-9~10-8 g/cm2·min in the basic or acid solution at the room temperature which is close to that of the general soda-lime-silicate glasses. It is shown from the thermal expansion analysis that Tg, Tf decrease and a increase with the increasing of the Pb++ cation concentration and that the Ga+++ has the opposite effect. These phenomena imply that the increase of Pb++ cations would promote the possibility of broken glass network and the increase of Ga+++ cation would enhance the cross-link of glass network. This conjecture is also consistent with the results from the dissolution rate changes of these samples. These glasses are characterized with the colour between yellow and orange. Many trials including the containerless melting processing were made to eliminate the stain of glasses in the study. It is realized that the colour was generated not only from the contamination of the crucibles used in melting process but also from the intrinsic absorption of the cations in the glass whioh is probably related with the gap energy of forbidden band.
出处
《玻璃与搪瓷》
CAS
北大核心
1993年第4期1-8,共8页
Glass & Enamel
基金
美国宇航管理局的GAGW 2846
1992~1994项目资助
关键词
氧化物玻璃
重金属
制备
Heavy metal oxide glass Nonlinear optical material
