摘要
采用等离子发射光谱 质谱联用仪、离子色谱仪和物理化学方法,对直喷式和涡流室式两种达到欧Ⅱ排放水平的轻型车用柴油机颗粒物的有机可溶成分、金属阳离子、阴离子进行定性和定量分析,并确定了柴油机颗粒物的成分谱图.试验结果表明,对于直喷式柴油机,有机酸、有机碱、脂肪烃类有机物、芳香烃类有机物、中极性有机物和高极性有机物6种组分在SOF中占有的比例分别为11.64%)〗、15.21%、12.32%、9.97%、41.35%和9.51%.直喷柴油机微粒中,无论N系或S系阴离子的含量都明显小于涡流室式柴油机,而且直喷型柴油机的样品中没有检测出亚硝酸根离子.金属离子的分析表明,Ca的含量明显高于其他元素.在柴油机颗粒物中有机可溶成分和单质碳占主要成分,而金属阳离子和阴离子所占比例低于4%.
The soluble organic fractions (SOF), anions and metal cations in the exhaust particulates from two types of diesel engines (DI diesel engine and turbulence chamber diesel engine), which met the EURO II emission standard, were measured with ICP-MS, ion chromatography and physical and chemical methods. At the same time, the distributions of the particulate fractions were accomplished. The results show that the percentages of organic acids, organic bases, aliphatic compounds, aromatic compounds, moderately polar neutral compounds and highly polar neutral compounds in the SOF from the DI diesel engine are 11.64%, 15.21%, 12.32%, 9.97%, 41.35% and 9.51% respectively. Sulphur and nitrogen anions in the particulates from DI diesel engine are less than those from turbulence chamber diesel engine. Moreover, there is no NO2- in the particulates from the DI diesel engine. According to the analysis, the highest content is calcium among all trace metals. The diesel exhaust particulates are mainly composed of SOF and element carbon, while the contents of anion and metal cations are less than 4%.
出处
《燃烧科学与技术》
EI
CAS
CSCD
2004年第3期197-201,共5页
Journal of Combustion Science and Technology
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划"973"资助项目(2002CB211600).
关键词
柴油机
微粒物
有机可溶成分
阴离子
金属阳离子
Aromatic compounds
Chromatography
Gas emissions
Inorganic compounds
Organic acids
