摘要
黄河水资源是沿黄地区经济和社会发展的重要制约因素。由于黄河在其下游河段(花园口-入海口)河床淤积而形成地上悬河,黄河水侧渗补给已成为该地区地下水的重要补给源。黄河下游悬河段地下水系统面积为29313km2,赋存着潜水、微承压水(浅层含水层系统)和承压水(深层含水层系统)。含水层垂直向上概化为3层:浅层潜水和微承压含水层组、深层承压含水层组及两含水层之间20m～30m厚的弱透水层。计算域边界除梁山—长清一带、徒骇河上游及郑州西南侧为补给边界,其余均为排泄边界。在建立水文地质概念模型的基础上,构建三维地下水流模拟模型,应用FEFLOW有限元软件求解。运用识别和验证后的模型计算了不同保证率年份地下水补给量和可开采资源量。研究区50%和75%降水保证率年份地下水补给资源量分别为62 51×108m3和54 88×108m3,可开采资源量为44 82×108m3和39 20×108m3。将研究区分成18个子区进行地下水开采潜力评价,其中12个区尚有开采潜力,1个区采补基本平衡,5个区开采潜力不足。
The groundwater resources play an important role in the economy and society development in the aboveground segment of Yellow river. Since the riverbed is higher than ground, the Yellow River downstream (Huayuankou-Bo Sea) became a suspend river, the lateral seepage of Yellow River water has been to be the important recharge sources for this area. The groundwater system in the aboveground segment of Yellow River is consisted of phreatic water (shallow groundwater system) and faint confined groundwater (deep groundwater system), whose area is about (29 313km^2). The groundwater aquifer system is generalized into two subsidiary systems as follows: shallow unconfined-semi-confined aquifer system(the lithology is the Holocene series and the upper Pleistocene series) and mid-deep confined aquifer system(the lithology mainly is the middle Pleistocene series and the lower Pleistocene series layer), there is a 20m～30m weaken permeable aquifer between these two aquifer systems, and the groundwater storing in the shallow and mid-deep aquifer system related by leakage through the weaken permeable layer. The lateral boundaries are discharge boundaries except Liangshan—Changqing and the Tuhai River upstream and Zhengzhou southwest, which is recharge boundary. Based on the hydrological conceptual model, a 3D groundwater flow simulation model is built and calibrated with FEFLOW. Nature recharge and allowable exploitation quantity of groundwater on conditions of different assurance factor of precipitations is evaluated by using the model. In order to evaluate groundwater exploitation potential, in which 12 sub-zones have exploitation potential, 1 sub-zone has the exploitation quantity equal to the recharge quantity, the allowable groundwater exploitation quantity is severely deficient in other 5 sub-zones. The result is that when the assurance factor of precipitation is 50%, the natural recharge quantity of groundwater is 62.51×10~8 m^3, and the allowable exploitation quantity of groundwater is 44.82×10~8 m^3. When
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第2期9-16,共8页
Resources Science
基金
国家(973)重点基础发展规划项目(编号:G19990436)。
关键词
地下水资源
黄河
可开采资源量
开采潜力
有限元法
有限差分法
Aboveground segment of Yellow River
Groundwater resource
Allowable exploitation quantity
Simulation model
Exploitation potential
