摘要
RNA介导的转录后基因沉默 (post transcriptionalgenesilencing ,PTGS)指一种普遍存在于生物界的 ,由双链RNA (doublestrandedRNA ,dsRNA)引起同源mRNA降解进而导致基因不表达的的生物学现象。其最重要的特点是只会特异性抑制同源性mRNA的表达 ,而不影响其他基因的表达 ,并能稳定地遗传到后代中。RNA介导的PTGS具有多种生物学功能 ,如抵御外来遗传物质的侵犯和病毒的侵染 ,控制生物体的生长发育等。RNA介导的PTGS将是目前分子生物学领域的研究热点之一 ,并在研究基因功能、基因治疗、抗病毒基因工程、剖析和调控次生代谢途径等方面有着广阔的应用前景。本文对RNA介导的PTGS的历史、机制、特点、相关酶类、生物学功能及应用作了比较详尽的综述。
RNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing(PTGS) is a remarkable type of gene regulation based on sequence-spesific degradation of RNA triged by double stranded RNA(dsRNA). It is one of ubiquitous biology phenomenon in all organism. Its most important feature is that only homogenic mRNA is degradation specifically and have no effect on other genes, futhermore, this kind of gene silencing canbe inherited stablly by offsprings. RNA-mediated PTGS possesses many kinds of biological function, such as couteracting exgenerous genetic substance, antivirus, regulating development, and so on. RNA- mediated PTGS is now one of the hottest topics in molecular biology, and has enormous potential for studing gene function, genetic cures, virus-resistant gene engineering, dissecting and regulating the pathway of secondary matablism, etc. In the paper, its history, mechanism, features, enzyme involved, biological roles and application were reviewed in detail.
出处
《分子植物育种》
CAS
CSCD
2004年第2期259-267,共9页
Molecular Plant Breeding
