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空气和土壤湿度对美洲斑潜蝇发育与存活的影响 被引量:6

Effect of air and soil humidity on development and survival of Liriomyza sativae
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摘要 美洲斑潜蝇 L iriomyza sativae在相对含水量 0 %~ 10 0 % (W/W)的土壤中均可化蛹 ,但以含水量为 40 %的土壤化蛹量最高 ,占总蛹数的 3 0 .0 %。以相对含水量为 10 0 %的土壤化蛹量最低 ,占总蛹数的 4.2 %。不同土壤含水量对该蝇的羽化具有明显的影响 ,在 3 0℃时 ,以相对含水量为 60 %的土壤最适于蛹的发育 ,其蛹期最短 (7.50 d) ,羽化率最高 (93 .3 % )。反之 ,淫湿 (相对含水量为 10 0 % )和干涸 (相对含水量为 0 % )的土壤均不利于蛹的发育 ,其蛹期延长 (依次为 8.17d和 8.0 d) ,羽化率明显降低(依次为 13 .3 %和 10 .0 % )。在空气相对湿度 (RH )为 0 %、52 %、76%和 10 0 % ,室温为 3 0℃的处理中 ,蛹的失水率随其日龄的增高而增加。在蛹羽化的前 1d,高湿 (RH10 0 % )处理的失水率为 10 .1% ,低湿处理 (RH0 % )为 41.6% ,对照 (RH76% )为 18.2 %。在各 RH 下 ,蛹 1日龄后的逐日累计失水率都与它们的日龄呈明显的线性关系。在 3 0℃ ,蛹在 8h内测定的表皮渗透力最大为2 .59μg/(cm2 · h· mm Hg) Liriomyza sativae is one of exotic pest insects in China.The indoor experimental results showed that the miners could become pupae in the soil of 0%~100%(W/W)relative water content(SRWC),with the highest pupation rate(30.0%)in the soil of 40% SRWC and the lowest pupation rate(4.2%) in the soil of 100% SRWC.The emergence rates(ER) of pupae were significantly affected by different soil RWC.At 30℃,60% SRWC was the most suitable for pupal development and the leaf miners had the shortest pupal duration(7.50d) and the highest ER(93.3%).On the contrary,it was unfavorable for pupal development in the soil of high humidity(SRWC 100%),in which pupation took 8.17d and ER was 13.3%,and in dry soil(SRWC0%),in which pupation lasted for 8.01d and ER was 10.0%.At the room temperature of 30℃ and 4 air RH(i.e.0%,52%,76% and 100%),the water lose rate(WLR) of pupae increased with the increase of pupal age in day(s).The day before emergence,WLR was 10.1% for RH 100%,41.6% for RH 0% and 18.2% for the control RH 76%.After the first day in the pupal stage,there existed an obvious linear relation between WLR of pupae accumulated by day and pupal age in day(s) at each RH above-mentioned.At 30℃,the greatest cuticular permeability of pupae tested in 8h was 2.59μg/(cm^2·h·mmHg).
出处 《生态学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2004年第3期538-541,共4页 Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金 山西省科技厅资助项目 ( 96 1 0 1 3)~~
关键词 空气 土壤湿度 美洲斑潜蝇 发育 存活 羽化 Liriomyza sativae humidity emergence water loss cuticular permeability
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