摘要
几个典型工程实例表明,岩爆发生的控制性因素主要是应力与岩性的关系,开挖爆破对岩爆的发生起着某种重要的作用,但这种作用一直未得到充分地认识。文章分析了开挖爆破产生的应力波在围岩中的传播及对围岩的影响:爆破产生的P波和Rayleigh波将分别在围岩中形成垂直和平行于围岩表面的拉张破裂面,这些破裂面可能是微观的,也可能是宏观的,它们为岩爆的发生提供了物质基础。文章最后通过岩爆实例及深井稳定性问题指出:开挖爆破不仅是岩爆的诱发性因素,在某条件下而且是一种控制性因素。
Firstly the paper shows by some typical engineering instances that the traditional idea that the happening of the rockburst is mainly due to the stress and the rock property is not complete,and the blast for excavation should play some important role in the happening of rockburst,though the role has not been well recognized all along.The paper analyses how the stress waves are produced by the blast transmit in the rock nearby and the affection of the waves on the rock:The stress waves of P and Rayleigh create tensile fracture planes which are perpendicular and parallel to the surface of the rock surface.These planes may be microscopic or macroscopic,and offer the physical foundation to the rock burst.Finally,the paper further indicates engineering instances of rockburst and stability of deep well that,the blast is not only an inducing factor but also a controlling factor to the rockburst under some conditions.
出处
《中国地质灾害与防治学报》
CSCD
2004年第1期61-64,共4页
The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control
关键词
爆破
岩爆
应力
岩性
隧道掘进
矿山施工
rockburst
blast
stress wave
inducing factors
controlling factors
