摘要
本文举例讨论判别汉语方言同源词的一些原则。所谈到的原则有以下八条:①应以语音对应规律为基础②语音对应优于语义对应③语音对应和语义对应优于方言字字形异同④方言字形不能作为考证同源词的唯一标准⑤同源词的词源与方言本字的字义有同也有异⑥无字词的语音也可能对应⑦追索同源词应注意择对问题⑧因借用关系形成的同源词不一定符合语音对应规律。
This article proposes the principles of identifying the cognates of the Chinese dialects as follows: 1) The basis should be the rules of phonological correspondence; 2) Phonological correspondence is prior to semantic one; 3) Phonological and semantic correspondences are prior to similarity / difference of dialect character form; 4) The dialect character form cannot be the sole standard of identifying the cognates; 5) The cognates etymology may be identical to or different from the meaning of the original dialectal character; 6) Phonological correspondence of oral words without character form is possible; 7) Attention should be paid to the choice of pairs in inquiring the cognates; 8) Cognates stemmed from word loaning may not observe the law of phonological correspondence.
出处
《方言》
CSSCI
北大核心
2004年第1期7-15,共9页
Dialect
关键词
汉语
方言
同源词
语音
语义
词源
cognates, the Chinese dialects, phonological correspondence
