摘要
目的探讨二甲基甲酰胺(Dimethylformamide,DMF)职业暴露对作业工人身体健康的影响,提出DMF职业危害的防护措施,预防相关职业病的发生。方法选取2018年南通市7家存在DMF危害因素的企业213名在岗工人作为接触组,对该组工人进行职业健康检查,同时选取2018年261名不接触有毒有害因素的行政和后勤人员作为对照组,对其进行常规健康检查。计数资料的比较采用卡方检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果两组人群中血压、血常规、尿常规、心电图异常率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。接触组肝功能异常率和肝功能检出值高于对照组,其中ALT、AST、GGT异常率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。接触组肝脏B超脂肪肝检出率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。接触组不同工龄间,肝功能异常率和脂肪肝异常率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 DMF职业暴露可造成人体肝脏损害。建议加大监管部门对企业的监管力度,改善企业的通风设置,加强劳动者的防护措施,定期职业健康检查,切实保护劳动者的健康。
Objective This study aimed at putting forward protective measures against dimethylformamide(DMF)occupational hazards to prevent occupational diseases through the investigation on the effects of DMF exposure on physical health of workers.Methods The exposure group consisted of 213 onduty workers selected from 7 enterprises with DMF hazards in 2018 in Nantong City and the control group included 261 administrative and support service personnel who were not exposed to toxic and harmful factors in 2018.Occupational health examination was conducted for the exposure group and routine health examination was done for the control group.The results of the physical examination were collated and statistically analyzed withα<0.05 level.Results There were no statistically significant differences in blood pressure,blood routine,urine routine and electrocardiogram between the two groups(P>0.05).The abnormal rate of liver function and the detected value of liver function in the exposure group were higher than that in the control group,and the differences of alanine amiotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)andγ-glutamyl transpeptadase(GGT)were statistically significant(P<0.05).The positive rate of fatty liver in the exposure group was higher than that in the control group and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the rates of abnormal liver function and the positive rates of fatty liver among different age workers in the exposure group(P>0.05).Conclusion Occupational exposure to DMF could cause the liver damages in human body.It is suggested that supervision departments should tighten the supervision over enterprises,improve the ventilation settings,strengthen the protective measures of workers,and conduct regular occupational health examinations to effectively protect the workers.
作者
蒋丽
施安琪
JIANG Li;SHI Anqi(Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nantong 226007,Jiangsu Province,China)
出处
《职业卫生与病伤》
2019年第3期138-142,共5页
Occupational Health and Damage
关键词
二甲基甲酰胺
职业暴露
肝功能
肝脏损害
防护措施
dimethylformamide
occupational exposure
liver function
liver damage
protective measures
