摘要
Titanium with gradient nano-to-micron scale grains from surface to matrix was fabricated by surface mechanical grinding treatment(SMGT) at room temperature.The SMGT-treated titanium shows higher strength than that of as-received one,but moderate ductility between those of ultra-fine grained(UFG) and coarse-grained titanium.Tensile stress-strain curves of SMGT-treated titanium show double strain hardening regimes.The strain hardening rate(dσ/dε) decreases with increasing strain in tensile deformation.The high strain hardening rate at initial yielding is attributed to nano-to-micron-grained surface layer.The low strain hardening rate at large plastic strain regime primarily results from coarse-grained matrix.The SMGT-treated titanium shows a ductile fracture mode with a large number of dimples.The small size of dimples in the treated surface layer is due to the combination of the high strength and strain hardening exponent.The difference between dimple size in nano-to-micron-grained surface layer and coarse-grained matrix is discussed in terms of plastic zone size at the tip of crack in the SMGT-treated titanium.
通过室温表面机械碾磨处理(SMGT),获得从表面到基体具有梯度纳米/微米尺度晶粒的纯钛试样。与未处理纯钛相比,经表面机械碾磨处理(SMGT-treated)的纯钛强度有所提高,塑性介于超细晶与粗晶纯钛之间。表面机械碾磨处理纯钛的拉伸应力-应变曲线具有双加工硬化指数特性;同时,随着应变的增加,其加工硬化率逐渐减小,初始屈服阶段的变形由梯度纳米/微米晶表层主导,后期变形由粗晶心部支配。断口形貌分析表明,表面机械碾磨处理纯钛的变形机制属于韧性断裂并伴有大量韧窝。基于裂纹尖端的塑性区尺寸分析可知,梯度纳米/微米晶表层由于具有较高的加工硬化指数及强度,使韧窝尺寸比粗晶心部的更加细小。
基金
Project(2014CB644003)supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
Project(51321003)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
Project(B06025)supported by"111"Project of China
