摘要
在职业教育经费筹措方面,美国形成了以联邦政府为主导的多元化筹措机制,德国建立了政府、企业'双主体'的筹措机制,日本形成了以政府财政拨款为主、民间筹措为辅的投入机制。对比分析美国、德国和日本的职业教育经费筹措机制发现,三国都建立了完善的法律体系,充分保障了市场作用的发挥,明确各级政府的事权和财权,依法确定经费投入比例和拨款标准,建立了较为全面的学生资助体系,大力支持私立教育的发展,鼓励社会捐赠。借鉴发达国家的经验,建议我国从构建多元化的经费筹措机制、注重发挥市场主体的作用、健全学生资助体系、完善职业教育经费投入的法律体系、建立绩效评价的问责机制等方面进行改革。
In the financing and funding mechanism for vocational education,the United States has formed a diversified financing mechanism led by the federal government.Germany has established a financing mechanism based on the government and enterprises'dual subjects'.And Japan has formed a financing mechanism with a government appropriation as the leading and with private financing as the supplementary.Through the comparative analysis of the financing mechanism for vocational education among three countries,it is found that they have established a sound legal system,fully safeguarded the role of the market,clarified the administrative and financial rights of governments at all levels,determined the proportion of funds investment and the appropriation criteria according to law,established a more comprehensive student funding system,strongly support the development of private education,and encourage social donations.By absorbing the experience of the three countries,it is suggested that China should carry out reforms from the aspects of constructing a diversified funding and financing mechanism,focusing on the role of market,improving the student funding system,improving the legal system for the investment in vocational education,and establishing an accountability mechanism for performance evaluation.
作者
年艳
潘建林
Nian Yan;Pan Jianlin(Yiwu Industrial and Commercial College,Yi wu 322000;Yiwu Business and Technology College)
出处
《职业技术教育》
北大核心
2019年第12期67-73,共7页
Vocational and Technical Education
基金
2019年度义乌工商职业技术学院校级课题“高等职业教育经费筹集机制研究”(2019JG013)
主持人:年艳
关键词
职业教育
经费筹措机制
美国
德国
日本
vocational education
financing mechanism
United States
Germany Japan
