摘要
在前瞻式的视角和回溯式的视角的基础上结合电车难题来讨论后果主义,得出的结论认为:这两种视角是不可通约的,即从前瞻式的视角不能有效地证成回溯式的视角,根据所实现的后果又是无法证成事物发生过程是否合法的,同时注意区分道德上可被原谅与道德上正当,认为为了避免道德灾难而杀人作为一种权宜之计是可被原谅的,但是杀人本身不是道德上合法的。在此试图做的是提供一种新的评价方式,既通过道德上正当来保障义务论的要求,又通过道德上可被谅解这一概念为后果主义留下余地。
The attempt to analyze consequentialism,with the trolley problem as an example,is based on views of forward looking and backward looking. The conclusion is that there is no road from forward looking to backward looking. In other words,consequences of an action can not justify the legitimacy of its process. Meanwhile,a distinction is made between moral forgiveness and moral legitimacy,which leads to the argument that killing as an expedient is forgivable in avoiding moral disaster. But,killing in itself is morally wrong. The aim of this analysis is to offer a new evaluative approach,which,on the one hand,could preserve our rights and autonomy in the name of moral legitimacy which is required by deontology,and on the other hand,makes room for the greatest consequence in the name of moral forgiveness which is demanded by consequentialism.
出处
《华中师范大学研究生学报》
2016年第3期45-49,共5页
Central China Normal University Journal of Postgraduates
关键词
后果主义
前瞻式视角
回溯式视角
决策程序
consequentialism
forward looking
backward looking
decision procedure
