摘要
目的分析北京市老年人各类社会支持网的时空分布情况及影响因素。方法对1 083例60周岁及以上北京市户籍人口进行调查及分析。结果老年人社会支持网中情感支持网、实际支持网和社会交往网成员和调查对象的家庭距离在1. 5公里以内者最多;情感支持网、实际支持网和社会交往网成员和调查对象的认识时间在6年以上者占绝大部分;情感支持网、实际支持网和社会交往网成员和调查对象的交往频率在每天至少1次和每周至少1次者占大部分。多元Logistic回归模型显示:在情感支持网中,学历、子女个数、户口为家庭距离和交往频率的影响因素;政治面貌和子女个数为认识时间的影响因素。在实际支持网中,学历、婚姻状况、子女个数和户口为家庭距离的影响因素;年龄、学历、子女个数和户口为交往频率的影响因素。在社会交往网中,户口为家庭距离、认识时间和交往频率的影响因素;学历为家庭距离的影响因素。结论从时空分布角度,建议从政府、社区、家庭和个人4个层面提高对老年人的社会支持。
Objective To analyze the time and space distribution of social support network of the old people in Beijing.Methods To conduct a survey among the 1 090 registered elders about the social support network of the elders in Beijing by using multistage sampling.Results In the social network of the old people,the household distance within 1.5 kilometers took the most biggest part of the distances between the members of emotional,practical and social-interaction social support networks and the subjects of investigation(66.25%,67.26%and 71.81%);more than six year of acquaintances were taken up the most biggest part(98.45%,97.55%and 98.73%);meeting at least once a day(53.19%,45.67%and 36.31%)and at least once a week(35.05%,40.47%and47.35%)took the biggest part.Multi-factor regression models indicated that:in the emotional social support network,the education level(OR=1.665,0.607),the number of children(OR=1.656,0.573),the register of residence(OR=1.755,0.486)were the influence factors of household distance and the frequency of social contact;political background(OR=-1.003)and the number of children(OR=0.945)were the influence factors of acquaintance time.In the practical social support network,the education level(OR=1.460),marital status(OR=1.390),the number of children(OR=1.662),the register of residence(OR=2.431)were the influence factors of household distance;age(OR=1.350),education level(OR=0.652),the number of children(OR=0.520),the register of residence(OR=0.374)were the influence factors of the frequency of social contact.In the social-contact social support network,the register of residence(OR=1.966,-2.061,0.348)were the influence factors of household distance,acquaintance time and the frequency of social contact,the education level(OR=1.425)were the influence factors of household distance.Conclusions In the aspect of the time and space distribution,it will be advized to improve the supports strength of the old people from the level of government,community,household and their self.
作者
潘超平
郝晓宁
刘增法
薄涛
黎燕宁
潘梦华
PAN Chao-Ping;HAO Xiao-Ning;LIU Zeng-Fa(School of Information and Management of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530021,Guangxi,China)
出处
《中国老年学杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2019年第5期1194-1198,共5页
Chinese Journal of Gerontology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(71373184
71774034)
国家自然科学基金北京大学管理科学数据中心智库类课题(2015KEY05)
北京市自然科学基金项目(9162018)
关键词
社会支持网
情感支持网
实际支持网
社会交往网
Social network support
Emotional network support
Practical network support
Social-interaction network
