摘要
由于经济社会的发展伴随的环境问题越来越复杂,资源相对不足、环境容量有限越来越突出,环境管理转型问题引起越来越多的国内外学者关注。所谓环境管理转型,是指环境管理思维、策略和方式的转变,是以环境质量为目标导向,从被动应对向主动防控的转变。本文通过文献梳理的方法,综述了国内外学术界对于环境管理战略进行的多角度探讨。通过综述发现,国外学者主要注重环境管理理论研究,如环境管理的模型研究和不同环境管理战略的研究,且国外学者在研究不同环境管理战略时,研究对象多为微观层面的企业组织;而我国学者的研究则主要集中在宏观层面,即从国家的角度来探讨环境管理战略如何完成转型,从而促进我国经济社会的良性发展。现有的国内外研究是环境管理战略相关理论发展和实践推行的重要基础,在环境管理战略研究领域,本文认为还有一些问题需要进一步研究:一是环境管理的转型不仅需要宏观层面的统筹、微观方面的变革,也需要从中观层面来推进,所以中观层面的环境管理研究同样具有重要的现实意义。二是环境管理的转型不仅需要法律手段的支撑、经济手段的配置,也需要公民环保意识的觉醒,所以关于公民环保意识层面的研究也需要加强。
The environmental problems associated with the economic and social development are more and more complex. Since the relative shortage of resources and the limited environment capacity are prominent, environmental management transformation gets more domestic and foreign scholars attentions, which refers to the transformation of environmental management thinking, methods and strategies. It regards the environmental quality as the goal guidance and changes from passive response to active prevention and control. This paper reviewed multi-angle studies of environmental management strategies at home and abroad. It found that there are some differences about researches focus between foreign and domestic scholars. Abroad researches focus is environment management theory, such as environment management model and different strategies. When study environmental management strategies, they focus on business organization in micro level mostly. While domestic researches focus on macro level. They discuss how to transform the country's environmental management strategies to promote the healthy development of economy and society. The both existing researches are important bases of environmental management strategy theory's development and practical implementation. Also, there are still some problems need to be further researched. First, medium-level study is important due to the fact that the transformation of environmental management not only need a macro-level overall arrangement and a micro-level change, but also a medium-level promotion. Second, the study from the perspective of citizens environmental protection consciousness should be strengthened, because except legislation support and economic configuration, the awakening of citizens environmental awareness is also necessary for the transformation of environmental management.
出处
《中国环境管理》
2016年第2期85-88,115,共5页
Chinese Journal of Environmental Management
关键词
环境管理
转型
质量管理
environmental management
transformation
quality control
