摘要
离子型稀土矿的开采带来一系列的生态环境问题,日益引起人们的关注.采用20a的多时相TM遥感数据作为数据源,以定南县岭北稀土矿区作为研究案例,对稀土矿区的地表环境变化进行长期监测和分析.为提高监测分析的可靠性,采用分形纹理辅助分类对分类后比较方法进行改进,构建了可分离指数和J-M距离两种分形窗口和波段选择模型,并比较了其在稀土矿区的适用性,为使用分形纹理辅助分类提供了定量方法.结果表明:随着稀土开采规模的不断扩大,矿区荒漠化日趋严重,并呈现集中连片的趋势,治理难度加大;原地浸矿工艺的推广和矿区复垦工作的进行,一定程度上减缓了矿区荒漠化趋势;稀土矿点周围植被出现退化现象,可能是稀土开采产生的水土污染对植被生长造成了影响.
Ionic rare earth ore mining has brought a series of ecological and environmental problems,and aroused people's concern continuously.The paper analyzed the long-term changes in the surface environment of Lingbei rare earth mining area in Dingnan County by using 20 years long TM remote sensing data.In order to strengthen the reliability of monitoring and analysis,the method of post-classification comparison was improved by using the fractal texture auxiliary classification.The two kinds of model of the band selection and the fractal window named the separable index and the J-M distances were constructed,as well as compared its adaptability.All of these provided a quantitative method for selecting fractal texture to assist classification.The results showed that the mining area desertification has become more serious with the continuous expansion of mining,and a merging tendency made it hard for governing.By promo-ting the in-situ leaching mining technology and mining reclamation,it partly slows down the growth tendency of desertification.The vegetation around rare earth mines has degraded,the water and soil pollution of rare earth extraction should be noticed,and it may have impact on vegetation growth.
出处
《中国矿业大学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第6期1087-1094,共8页
Journal of China University of Mining & Technology
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2011CB707102)
江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ13405)
关键词
稀土矿区
环境变化
分类后比较法
分形模型
rare earth mining
environment change
post-classification comparison
fractal model
