摘要
为提升半挂汽车列车在高速公路弯道下坡路段的运行安全,采用TruckSim仿真软件,构建了车辆模型、道路模型和驾驶人动力学仿真模型;基于蒙特卡罗可靠性分析法,分别建立了半挂汽车列车发生侧滑失效、侧翻失效、折叠失效和系统失效的功能函数,并选取设计速度80 km·h^(-1)的高速公路为研究路段,通过进行大量车辆动力学仿真试验,对不同圆曲线半径、纵坡坡度、路面附着系数、车速和车辆总质量对半挂汽车列车的运行安全的影响进行了数值分析。研究结果表明:半挂汽车列车发生侧滑和侧翻的概率随着圆曲线半径的增加而显著降低,在一般最小半径400 m的情况下,半挂汽车列车发生侧滑失效和侧翻失效的概率趋近于0;随着下坡坡度的增加,半挂汽车列车发生侧滑失效和侧翻失效的概率基本呈线性增长趋势;车速对于半挂汽车列车运行安全的影响尤为显著,当车速均值由60 km·h^(-1)增加到90 km·h^(-1)时,发生侧滑失效和侧翻失效的概率分别增加了634倍和336倍;车辆总质量的增加对半挂汽车列车侧翻有显著影响;在路面附着系数较低的条件下,半挂汽车列车的主要事故形态为侧滑和折叠,在路面附着系数较高的情况下,半挂汽车列车的主要事故形态为侧翻。因此,在道路设计中,应避免极限最小半径与陡坡组合,严格限速和限载可确保半挂汽车列车的运行安全性能。
To improve the driving safety of a semitrailer truck on curved downhill sections of a freeway, a dynamics model integrated with vehicle, road, and driver models was established using TruckSim software. Based on the Monte Carlo reliability analysis method, the performance functions of skidding, rollover, jackknifing, and system failures were developed. A freeway with a design speed of 80 km·h-1 was selected as the research section. Through extensive vehicle dynamics simulation tests, a numerical analysis that assessed the effects of different horizontal curve radii, longitudinal grades, pavement friction coefficients, speeds, and gross vehicle weights on the lateral stability of a six-axle semitrailer truck was presented. The results demonstrate that the failure probabilities of skidding and rollover decrease considerably with increasing horizontal curve radii. Under the condition of a general minimum horizontal curve radius of 400 m, the failure probabilities of skidding and rollover are approximately 0, and the probabilities of skidding and rollover increase linearly with an increase in the longitudinal grade. Moreover, the effect of speed is particularly marked on the running security system of a semitrailer truck. When the mean speed increases from 60 km·h-1 to 90 km·h-1, the probabilities of skidding and rollover increase by 634 and 336 times, respectively. The gross vehicle weight also has a considerable effect on the rollover of a semitrailer truck. On low-adhesion roads, the main types of accidents that the semitrailer truck experiences are skidding and jackknifing, whereas on high-adhesion roads, the main accident type is rollover. This indicates that the combined alignments of a limited minimum radius and steep downgrade should be avoided in road design. Finally, strict limits on speed and gross vehicle weight should be adopted to guarantee the safe performance of vehicles.
作者
曲桂娴
贺玉龙
孙小端
田静静
QU Gui-xian;HE Yu-long;SUN Xiao-duan;TIAN Jing-jing(School of Metropolitan Transportation,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Traffic Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Department of Civil Engineering,University of Louisiana at Lafayette,Lafayette LA70504,Louisiana,USA)
出处
《中国公路学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期174-183,共10页
China Journal of Highway and Transport
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0803903)
"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAG01B01)
