摘要
在涉'一带一路'工程商业争端案例中,我国法院对被告为外国政府的案件行使管辖权,表明我国法院在实践中已经实际放弃了绝对豁免论,对限制豁免论进行了有益探索。绝对豁免论限制了我国企业通过本国法院进行救济的途径,也给司法实践带来困惑和障碍;限制豁免论符合世界趋势、正在成为习惯国际法,我国立法、司法实践中发生着豁免立场的缓慢转向,结合学术界主流观点,限制豁免立场更有利于保护我国利益。由于颁布统一国家豁免法的时机尚未成熟,判例确立限制豁免规则在我国的不可行性,通过制定单行法的方式解决我国'一带一路'项目纠纷中国家管辖豁免无法可依的问题不失为一种有效途径。颁布限制豁免原则的单行法,一方面使我国企业在国内法院起诉外国政府具有可能性,为'一带一路'工程商业争端解决提供国内司法保障;另一方面使法官以法为据,提高裁判文书质量和法院的国际影响力。
In the cases of the commercial disputes involving the Belt and Road Initiative,Chinese courts exercised jurisdiction over the cases where the defendants were foreign governments,which shows that the Chinese court has actually abandoned the doctrine of absolute immunity in practice and has made a useful exploration of the doctrine of restrictive immunity.The theory of absolute immunity restricts the way for Chinese enterprises to relieve themselves through local courts,and also brings confusion and obstacles to judicial practice.This paper argues that the doctrine of restrictive immunity is more conducive to the protection of China’s interests mainly from the global trends,customary international law,the change of China’s position on state jurisdiction immunity,and the mainstream view of academia.Since the time is not yet ripe to promulgate a unified State Immunity Law and the case law is infeasible in China,this paper suggests special legislations based on restrict immunity,on the one hand,making it possible for Chinese enterprises to prosecute foreign governments in domestic courts,and providing domestic judicial guarantees for the settlement of commercial disputes concerning the Belt and Road Initiative;on the other hand,enabling judges to rely on the law and to improve the quality of adjudicatory documents and the international influence of the courts.
作者
张连举
袁茜
Zhang Lian-ju;Yuan Xi(Guangdong Police College,Guangzhou510232,China;School of Law,Nankai University Tianjing300071,China)
出处
《政法学刊》
2019年第3期33-39,共7页
Journal of Political Science and Law
关键词
绝对豁免
限制豁免
“一带一路”
纠纷解决
absolute immunity
restrictive immunity
commercial disputes over the Belt and Road Initiative
deputes settlement
