摘要
Bile acids(BAs)are originally known as detergents essential for the digestion and absorption of lipids.In recent years,extensive research has unveiled new functions of BAs as gut hormones that modulate physiological and pathological processes,including glucose and lipid metabolism,energy expenditure,inflammation,tumorigenesis,cardiovascular disease,and even the central nervous system in addition to cholesterol homeostasis,enterohepatic protection and liver regeneration.BAs are closely linked with gut microbiota which might explain some of their crucial roles in organs.The signaling actions of BAs can also be mediated through specific nuclear receptors and membranebound G protein-coupled receptors.Several pharmacological agents or bariatric surgeries have demonstrated efficacious therapeutic effects on metabolic diseases through targeting BA signaling.In this mini-review,we summarize recent advances in bile-ology,focusing on its translational studies.
胆汁酸广为人知的功能是帮助脂类的消化和吸收。近几年的大量研究表明:胆汁酸除了在胆固醇代谢平衡、肝肠循环以及调节肝脏再生等方面的作用以外,还可以作为一类肠道激素调节机体的生理和病理反应,包括糖脂代谢、能量消耗、炎症、肿瘤、心血管疾病和神经系统疾病等。胆汁酸与肠道菌群关系密切,这可能也是其在各器官中发挥重要功能的原因之一。胆汁酸调节的信号主要通过其特异的胆酸核受体与G蛋白偶联的胆酸膜受体进行调节。研究表明一些药理制剂或者外科减肥手术在代谢性疾病中的疗效也是通过靶向胆汁酸信号实现的。本文主要总结了胆汁学最新的研究进展,重点关注了与胆汁酸信号通路调节相关的转化医学研究进展。
作者
Li-hua JIN
Zhi-peng FANG
Min-jie FAN
Wen-dong HUANG
Li-hua JIN;Zhi-peng FANG;Min-jie FAN;Wen-dong HUANG(Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism,Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope;State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology;Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network;School of Life Sciences,Xiamen University;College of Life Science,Zhejiang University)
基金
Project supported by the National Cancer Institute(No.2R01CA139158)
John Hench Foundation to Wen-dong HUANG
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81471084 and 81773793)to Li-hua JIN
