1Sellden E, Lindahl SG. Postoperative nitrogen excretion after amino acid-induced thermogenesis under anesthesia. Anesth Aualg, 1998,87:641-660 被引量:1
2Feldberg W, Myers RD. A new concept of temperature regulation amines in the hypothalanus(letter). Nature , 1963,200:1325 被引量:1
3Jansiski DR, Preston Kl. A comparative assay of nefopam, morphine and d-amphetamine. Psychopharmacology , 1987,91: 273-278 被引量:1
4Lehmann KA, Horrichs G, Hoeckle W. Tramadol as an intraoperative analgesic: A Randomized double blind study with placebo. Anaethesist, 1985;34:11-19 被引量:1
5Clark WG, Lipton JM. Brain and pituitary peptides in thermoregulation, Thermoregulation: Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy. New York, Pergamon Press, 1991, pp509-60 被引量:1
6Lyons B, Carroll M, McDonald NJ. Tbe treatment of postanaesthetic shivering: A double blind comparison between alfentanil and pethidine. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand,1995,39:979-82 被引量:1
7Kurz A, Ikeda T, Sessler DI. Meperidine decreses the shivering threshold twice as much as the vasoconstriction threshold. Anesthesiology, 1997,86:1046-54 被引量:1
8Myers RD, Lee TF. Neurochemical aspects of thermoregulation, Advances in Comparative and Environmental Physiology. Edited by Wang LCH..Berlin, Springer Verlag, 1989, pp161-203 被引量:1
9Taylor DCM, Gayton RJ. The effects of NMDA and non-NMDA receptor agonists and antagonists on hypothalamic neurones in the anaesthetized rat which respond to changes in scrotal skin temperature.Neurosci Lett, 1995,201: 259-261 被引量:1
10Kornhuber J, Parsons CG. Orphenadrine is an uncomperative NMDA receptor antagonist: Binding and patch clamp studier. J Neural Transm Cen Sect, 1995,102: 237-246 被引量:1
3LARRY J CROWLEY,DONAL J BUGGY.Shivering and Neuraxial Anesthesia[J].Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine,2008,133(3),241-252. 被引量:1
4KIEKKAS F,POULOPOULOU M,PAPAHATZI A,et al.Effects of hypothermia and shivering on standard PACU monitoring of patients[J].AANAJ,2005,73(1):47-53. 被引量:1
5MAHMOODA M A,ZWEIFLER R M.Progress in shivering control[J].J Neurol Sci,2007,261(1/2):47-54. 被引量:1
6EBEEHART L H,D DERLEIN F,EISENHARDT G,et al.lndependent Risk Factors for Postoperative Shivering[J].Anesth Analg,2005,101:1849-1857. 被引量:1
7CROSSLEY A W.Six months of shivering in a district general hospitai[J].Anaesthesia,2004,47:845-848. 被引量:1
8HElD F,GRIMM U,ROTH W,et al.Intraoperative tramadol reduces shivering but not pain after remifentanil-isoflurane general anaesthesia.A placebo-controlled,double-blind trial[J].Eur J Anaesthesiol,2008,25(6):468-472. 被引量:1
9AKiN A,ESMAOGLU A,BOYACI A.Postoperative shivering in children and causative factors[J].Paediatr Anaesth,2005,15(12):1089-1093. 被引量:1
10LYON9 B,TAYLOR A,POWER C,et al.Postanaeethetic shivering in children[J].Anaesthesia,1996,51(5):442-445. 被引量:1