摘要
田间小区试验下 ,通过对土壤理化和生物学特性指标的测定和分析 ,系统比较和研究了不同养分和水分管理模式对水稻土质量的影响及其综合评价。研究结果表明 :在干湿交替和控水模式下 ,有机无机肥配施可明显改善水稻土壤物理特性 ,提高土壤的有效养分含量 ,增加土壤酶的活性和土壤微生物生物量。在连续淹水下 ,土壤中加入有机物料 ,特别是厩肥 ,加剧了土壤的还原过程 ,削弱了有机肥料对水稻土理化特性和生物学特性的改善效果。模糊综合评判显示 ,有机无机肥配施的水稻土在干湿交替的水分模式下 ,其质量指标综合表现较好 ,特别是厩肥与化肥配施和干湿交替的水肥模式组合的隶属度为 0 .74 78,其土壤质量指标综合表现为最好。单施化肥和连续淹水的肥水模式组合的隶属度最低 ,为 0 .4
Soil quality has emerged as the central concept for examining and integrating relationships and functions among various biological, chemical and physical parameters of soils. Soil quality is important in the context of sustainable land use and management. Paddy soil is anthropic hydromorphic soil, and its evolution and formation are affected greatly by cultivations, irrigation and fertilization. Taihu Lake region is the major distribution area of Chinese paddy soil resource. However, due to irrational irrigation and fertilization practices, such as long-term submerging and application of exclusively chemical fertilizer, paddy soils in the Taihu Lake region are undergoing degradation of fertility and environmental quality, which negatively compact local agricultural sustainable development. The objectives of this study were to compare the effects of different nutrient and water regimes on paddy soil quality and to give their comprehensive evaluation, aiming to supply scientific and practical guidance for rational nutrient and water management for paddy soil. ;Field experiments were conducted at the Changshu Agroecological Experiment Station (CAES), Chinese Academy of Sciences, situated in Yangtze Delta (at 31°33′N and 120°42′E) in Jiangsu province from 1999 to 2002. Four nutrient regimes were as following: CK(control); CF: chemical fertilizers only; CM: combination of chemical fertilizers with farmyard manure(FYM); CS: combined application of chemical fertilizers and wheat straw. Three soil moisture regimes included: (i) continuous waterlogged(CWL); (ii) alternate wetting and drying (AWD); (iii) controlled irrigation.(DRA). 48 field plots with each area of 30m^2 (5×6m^2) were employed in a randomized complete block design with four replications Soil samples were collected at the depth of 0~20cm after rice harvested. Soil physiochemical indicators were determined by conventional methods. The chloroform fumigation-extraction method was used to determine the soil microbial biomass C, N and P. ;Results showed
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第1期63-70,共8页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家"973"重点基础研究发展资助项目 (G19990 1180 2 )
中国科学院创新工程方向性资助项目 (KZCX2 -4 13 )~~
关键词
水稻土
水分模式
有机肥
理化特性
土壤微生物量
模糊综合评判
paddy soil
soil moisture regimes
farmyard manure
physiochemical indicators
soil microbial biomass
Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation
