摘要
目的了解济南市乙类传染病的流行病学特征和发病趋势,为制定传染病预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集济南市2012～2017年乙类传染病数据资料,进行描述性流行病学统计分析。结果 2012～2017年济南市共报告乙类传染病69 116例,年均发病率为163.57/10万,发病率呈逐年上升趋势(P<0.01);死亡186例,年均死亡率为0.44/10万,病死率为0.26%。发病率居前5位的病种为肝炎(68.87/10万)、肺结核(35.86/10万)、梅毒(16.10/10万)、猩红热(15.84/10万)和淋病(6.69/10万);死亡率居前3位的病种为肺结核(0.93/10万)、肝炎(0.69/10万)、艾滋病(0.68/10万)。报告发病男∶女=1.83∶1;0～5岁年龄组报告发病7 222例(10.45%);职业分布以农民(22 963例、33.22%)为主,其次是家务及待业(12 588例、18.21%)、离退人员(6 023例、8.71%)、学生(4 774例、6.91%)。乙类传染病中血源及性传播传染病(38 356例、55.49%)、呼吸道传播疾病(25 908例、37.48%)和虫媒及自然疫源传染病(1 762例、2.55%)发病率呈现上升趋势(P<0.01);肠道传染病(3 090例、4.47%)发病率呈现波动下降趋势(P<0.01)。结论 2012～2017年济南市乙类传染病发病率总体呈上升趋势。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and incidence trends of category B infectious diseases,so as to provide scientific basis for formulating infectious diseaseprevention and control measures.Methods The data of category B infectious diseases in Jinan city during 2012-2017 was collected from Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System.Descriptive epidemiological method was adopted to analyze the data.Results During 2012-2017,a total of 69 116 cases of category B infectious diseases were reported in Jinan city,with the average annual incidence of 163.57/10~5,the incidence increased year by year(P<0.01);there were 186 deaths during the period,with the average annual mortality of 0.44/10~5,and the mortality rate of 0.26%.The top 5 diseases with the highest incidence were hepatitis(68.87/10~5),tuberculosis(35.86/10~5),syphilis(16.10/10~5),scarlet fever(15.84/10~5)and gonorrhea(6.69/10~5);the top 3 diseases with the highest mortality were tuberculosis(0.93/10~5),hepatitis(0.69/10~5)and AIDS(0.68/10~5).The ratio of male to female was 1.83:1;totally 7 222 cases occurred in the age group of 0-5 years old;the cases concentrated in farmers(22 963 cases,33.22%),followed by housework and unemployment(12 588 cases,18.21%),retired staff(6 023 cases,8.71%)and students(4 774 cases,6.91%).Among the category B infectious diseases,the incidence of blood and sexually transmitted infections(38 356 cases,55.49%),respiratory infectious diseases(25 908 cases,37.48%)and insect-borne and natural infectious diseases(1 762 cases,2.55%)was on the rise(P<0.01);however the incidence of intestinal infectious diseases(3 090 cases,4.47%)showed a fluctuate downward trend(P<0.01).Conclusion The incidence of category B infectious diseases in Jinan city from 2012 to 2017 shows a upward trend.
作者
崔新杰
王宁
白慕天
耿兴义
马效恩
CUI Xin-jie;WANG Ning;BAI Mu-tian;GENG Xing-yi;MA Xiao-en(School of Public Health and Management,Weifang Medical University,Weifang,Shandong,261053,China)
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2019年第3期194-197,共4页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
基金
山东省卫生计生政策研究重点课题
关键词
乙类传染病
流行特征
趋势
Category B infectious diseases
Epidemiological characteristics
Trend
