摘要
本文着重討論了清代早期和中期滿漢對照材料裏出現的特殊句末語氣助詞'是呢'與清代中後期漢語白話文學作品裏三音節的句末情態成分'才是呢''才好呢'之間的繼承與演變關係,認爲'是呢'作爲清代滿式漢語裏一項典型的滿語干擾特徵,並未從後期的旗人漢語口語裏實際消失;反映在書面白話文學作品中,則是代之以'才是呢''才好呢'的形式了,後者實際是作爲滿語動詞祈使式反映的'是呢'和明清漢語自身的句末情態助詞'才是'(及'才好')的一種混合疊加形式。
This paper mainly discusses the relationship between the two imperative modal particles shi ne(是呢)and caishi ne(才是呢)in the Qing Dynasty.As a typical Manchu interference feature in Manchurian Chinese in Mid-Qing Dynasty,the author argues that,shi ne(是呢)might not disappear from the Manchurian Chinese in late Qing Dynasty,as some scholars asserted,but appeared in the literary works by the form of caishi ne(才是呢)(and caihao ne才好呢).The latter is a hybrid and superposition of shi ne(是呢),borrowed from-cina,the suffix of second person imperative mood of Manchu verb,and its counter-part caishi(才是)(and caihao才好),the inherent modal particle(s)in Chinese of Ming and Qing Dynasty.
作者
祖生利
畢曉燕
ZU Shengli;BI Xiaoyan
关键词
清代旗人漢語
句末語氣助詞
是呢/才是/才是呢
語言接觸
Manchurian Chinese in Qing Dynasty
modal particle
shi ne(是呢)/caishi(才是)/caishi ne(才是呢)
language contact
