摘要
中国经济体制在20世纪的后50年里,就经济运行来说,经历了一个由计划与市场并存向计划经济转变、再由计划经济向市场经济转变的螺旋式发展过程。中国在50年代之所以选择计划经济体制,除主观认识因素外,当时的工业化压力、资源短缺和政府动员能力强也是重要因素。计划经济体制形成后的20年里,尽管它在集中资源加快独立工业体系的建立方面发挥了重要作用,并基本保持了高积累下的社会稳定,但是它最大的缺陷是不能长久实现社会主义所追求的高效率,而这正是计划经济被社会主义市场经济所取代的真正原因。
In the second half of the 20th century China's economy developed in a spiral path-from the coexistence of the market and the plan to a fully planned economy, and then back from a planned to a market economy. As well as subjective factors,the main reasons China opted for a planned economy in the 1950s were the pressures of industrialization, resource shortages, and a high capacity for government mobilization. In the two decades after its emergence, this planned economy played an important role in concentrating resources to accelerate the establishment of an independent industrial system,and it also maintained social stability despite high levels of accumulation. But its greatest shortcoming was that over the long term it could not realize the high level of efficiency sought by socialism. This was the real reason why the planned economy was replaced by a socialist market economy.
出处
《当代中国史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2003年第4期37-46,共10页
Contemporary China History Studies
