摘要
兜兰属植物是最受人们喜爱的兰科植物之一 ,中国是兜兰属植物的主要产地。与世界其他地区一样 ,我国兜兰属植物也面临持续的商业采集压力。本文回顾了世界兜兰属植物的贸易、栽培和育种的历史 ,认为有菌播种方法可以更有效地保护兜兰属植物的多样性 ,同时也能够为兜兰属植物的人工栽培和育种提供新的手段。目前我国兜兰属植物一方面仍遭受各种人为因素的干扰 ,急需采取措施加以保护 ;另一方面对我国兜兰属植物的认识还不够全面和深入 ,还不能对人为因素影响的程度和范围作出客观的评价 ,特别是有关兜兰属植物的繁育技术还很薄弱。针对这种现状 ,作者提出在较长时期内我国兜兰属植物的保护策略宜以原地保护 (insituconservation)为主 ,同时积极开展有关兜兰属植物保护生物学的基础研究 ,大力发展和完善迁地保护 (exsituconservation)技术体系。最后 ,讨论了我国兜兰属植物的潜在资源和生态等方面的优势。
The genus Paphiopedilum is among the most favorite ornamental orchids, from which more than 10 000 of artificial hybrids have been bred since 1850s. South and southwest China is one of the distribution centers of this genus, where the paphiopedilums are still facing continuous demand for wild plants though they have become rather rare today. Considering the incomplete knowledge, both scientifically and technologically, of the plants and their conservation, a tentative strategy to protect the Chinese Paphiopedilum is proposed that the in situ conservation should be taken priority over all others. Meanwhile, it is also needed to pay great attention to scientific researches and conservation technical systems. The establishment of the ex situ conservation centers, on the contrary, should be strictly controlled in quantity and scale. Finally, the potential advantages of the Chinese paphiopedilums in horticulture are discussed.
出处
《生物多样性》
CAS
CSCD
2003年第6期491-498,共8页
Biodiversity Science
基金
国家林业局保护司资助
关键词
兜兰属植物
保护策略
资源优势
兰科
杂交育种
原地保护
迁地保护
Paphiopedilum (Orchidaceae), trade, in situ conservation, ex situ conservation, technical systems
