摘要
目的探讨社会支持、自我效能对环卫工职业倦怠影响。方法采用方便抽样法,以405名环卫工为研究对象,采用《Maslach职业倦怠量表》《领悟社会支持量表》《一般自我效能量表》对其职业倦怠的情绪耗竭、玩世不恭、成就感低落3个维度、社会支持和自我效能进行调查。结果环卫工的玩世不恭与自我效能呈正相关[偏相关系数(r)=0.17,P<0.01],成就感低落与自我效能、社会支持均呈负相关(r分别为-0.32、-0.20,P<0.01)。多元层次回归分析结果显示,人口学变量可分别解释环卫工职业倦怠的情绪耗竭、玩世不恭、成就感低落3个维度变异量的30.4%、29.9%、22.0%(P<0.01);控制人口学变量后,自我效能可正向预测玩世不恭(P<0.01),社会支持和自我效能均可负向预测成就感低落(P<0.01)。结论制度性因素是影响环卫工职业倦怠的主要原因;环卫工自我效能与玩世不恭呈正相关;提升社会支持和自我效能有助于缓解环卫工成就感低落。
Objective To assess the influence of social support and self-efficacy on job burnout in sanitation workers.Methods A convenient sampling method was used to select 405 sanitation workers as study objects.The Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey,Perceived Social Support Scale and General Self-Efficacy Scale were used to investigate the three dimensions of emotional exhaustion,cynicism and reduced personal accomplishment in job burnout,as well as the social support and self-efficacy.Results The cynicism was positively correlated with self-efficacy(partial correlation coefficient(r)=0.17,P<0.01)Reduced personal accomplishment was negatively correlated with self-efficacy and social support respectively(r were-0.32 and-0.20,P<0.01).Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that the demographic variables can explain 30.4%,29.9%,22.0%of the three dimensions of sanitation workers′emotional exhaustion,cynicism and reduced personal accomplishment respectively(P<0.01).After controlling for the demographic variables,self-efficacy could positively predict cynicism(P<0.01),the social support and self-efficacy could negatively predict reduced personal accomplishment(P<0.01).Conclusion The institutional factor is the main reason affecting job burnout of sanitation workers.Cynicism is positively correlated with self-efficacy.Improving social support and self-efficacy can help alleviate the reduced personal accomplishment.
作者
姜敏敏
李高敏
王慧娟
房亚明
JIANG Minmin;LI Gaomin;WANG Huijuan;FANG Yaming(Institute of Political Science and Law,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510520,China)
出处
《中国职业医学》
CAS
北大核心
2019年第2期179-183,共5页
China Occupational Medicine
基金
2018年国家社会科学基金(18BSH049)
2017年广东工业大学教改项目"基于OBE理念的公共事业管理专业综合改革"
2015年广东省"质量工程"专业综合改革试点项目(社会工作)阶段性成果(261541315)
关键词
环卫工
职业倦怠
社会支持
自我效能
Sanitation workers
Job burnout
Social support
Self-efficacy
