摘要
通过对新疆南疆地区精准扶贫进程中乡村治理相关问题的研究发现,两项制度衔接的不完全与精准识别标准的制度性缺陷,造成了目标群体的瞄准偏离,继而在朴素的平均主义思想驱使下,带来了部分村民的上访、闹访现象;乡村"差序格局"式的层级结构分化,很大程度上带来了"精英俘获"问题的发生;以村"两委"与驻村工作队为主的乡村治理主体之间形成的以项目制为依托的权力的博弈、失衡、制约与合谋,从深层次对精准扶贫中的乡村治理带来了影响。此外,受南疆地区长期贫困形成的贫困高发与贫困状态趋同影响,贫困农民有一定程度的"贫困自我认同"意识,最终形成对精准扶贫政策与项目的"救助依赖"。以乡村治理视角相审视,避免精准扶贫"两项制度衔接"与识别标准的制度性缺陷,有效处理好各乡村治理主体间的关系,使多元化的乡村治理主体能促进村民自治的更好实现,对精准扶贫工作的有效开展,具有基础性与关键性作用。
Having analysed the rural governance issues in the process of targeted poverty alleviation in southern Xinjiang, this article and finds that the incomplete interface of the two systems and the institutional defects of poverty identification criterion lead to policy deviations from its original targets, and the resulting villager petitioning phenomenon under the drive of simple equalitarian ideology; The pattern of difference sequence in division of the hierarchy structure brings about the issue of "elite capture". The imbalance of power and restriction and conspiracy driven by projects between village councils and village working groups influences the rural governance in the targeted poverty alleviation undertakings. Besides, affected by the high incidence of poverty and poverty convergence formed in the long-term poverty in Southern Xinjiang, poor farmers are aware of their poverty to some degree, which eventually develops in them a dependence on the poverty reduction policies. From the perspective of the rural governance to build up a complete interface of the two systems and avoid institutional defects of poverty identification criterion, to effectively handle the relationship between rural governance subjects and promote the realization of the villagers' autonomy under the diversified rural governance subjects, this paper affirms the essential and decisive role the targeted poverty alleviation work plays today.
出处
《新疆大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
2017年第4期19-25,共7页
Journal of Xinjiang University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金项目"新疆少数民族大学生创业能力现状调查及开发策略研究"(CIA140181)
石河子大学人文社科基金项目"新疆南疆三地州精准扶贫政策下扶贫项目实施及绩效评价研究"(RWSK15-Y04)
关键词
精准扶贫
乡村治理
南疆民族特困地区
实践困境
Targeted Poverty Alleviation
Rural Governance
Poverty-Stricken Ethic Minorities Areas in Southern Xinjiang
Realistic Dilemmas
