摘要
以毛乌素沙地区域的"两害"砒砂岩与沙为研究对象,将其按照1∶1、1∶2和1∶5三种比例进行复配成土,并种植适宜该地气候环境的作物——马铃薯。在马铃薯收获期于各小区垄上、垄下采集不同剖面深度土壤,并测定其铵态氮与硝态氮含量。结果表明,三种复配土垄上下土壤剖面0~140cm铵态氮的分布均较为均匀,均处于0.50mg·kg^(-1)左右,且规律基本一致;混合比例对垄上下硝态氮剖面分布均产生明显影响,垄上0~60cm土层内、垄下0~20cm土层内,表现为1∶1>1∶2>1∶5,其余土层内1∶5复配土始终具有较高的硝态氮含量;1∶1和1∶2复配土壤垄上、垄下硝态氮积累峰值均出现在0~20cm土壤剖面处,140cm深度仍有一定的积累,1∶5复配土壤出现在120~140cm土壤剖面处,且各复配土壤垄下硝态氮淋洗均深于垄上;同一土层深度,三种复配土壤垄下硝态氮含量明显高于垄上,且1∶5复配土壤垄上、下差异尤为显著。
Taking feldspathic sandstone and sand in Mu Us Sandy Land as the research objects and mixed them under the ratio of 1∶1,1∶2 and 1∶5 respectively.On the mixed soil,Potatos were planted.Soils from different profile of ridge and ditch were collected during the harvest period,and tested the NH_4^+-N and NO_3^--N content.The results showed that NH_4^+-N distribute more uniform during the three composited soils with up and down the ridge soil profile 0-140 cm.NH_4^+-N content in the soil of each mixed ratio was about 0.5 mg·kg^(-1),and distribution was similar.Mixed ratio had a significant impact on NO_3^--N distribution of soil ridge and ditch,showed 1∶1>1∶2>1∶5(0-60 cm soil layer of ridge and 0-20 cm ditch),in other soil layers1∶5 had higher NO_3^--N content.When ration was 1∶1 and 1∶2 of feldspathic sandtone and sand,the NO_3^--N almost accumulated in the 0-20 cm both ridge and ditch,and still had certain accumulated in 140 cm depth.When ration was 1∶5,the NO_3^--N almost accumulated in the 120-140 cm both ridge and ditch.NO_3^--N accumulated layer of three composited soils were deeper under the ridge than on the ridge.NO_3^--N content was obviously higher under the ridge than on the ridge in the same layer of three mixing rations,and the differences was especially significant of 1∶5.For cultivation,combined with the feature of crop root system and the distribution of soil inorganic nitrogen leaching characteristics,reasonable allocate crop types for promoting development.
关键词
复配土壤
砒砂岩
沙
垄
铵态氮
硝态氮
composited soil
Feldspathic Sandtone
sand
ridge
ammonium nitrogen(NH+4-N)
nitrate nitrogen(NO-3-N)
