摘要
针对电动汽车混合储能系统在采用协同控制方法时受超级电容等效电阻和电池内阻引起的输入电压波动影响等问题,提出了一种自适应协同控制策略。首先,基于直流变换器理想状态空间平均模型设计了协同控制器,并对其稳定性进行了分析;其次,基于超级电容等效电阻和电池内阻建立了系统的精确数学模型,定义了自适应观测函数和基于Lyapunov函数的自适应控制律,并对负载及输入电压进行估计;进一步,选取了协同控制宏变量并推导出自适应协同控制的占空比函数;最后,在MATLAB/Simulink中搭建了混合储能系统的仿真模型,验证了自适应协同控制的有效性。仿真结果表明:自适应协同控制只有轻微的超调和因负载变化造成的电流波动,且响应速度较快,约为4 ms,电流跟踪误差不超过1%。与协同控制和滑模控制相比,自适应协同控制系统有更好的稳定性和抗干扰能力,能有效提高电动汽车混合储能系统的稳定性和鲁棒性,保证功率分配策略的有效实施。
An adaptive synergetic control strategy is proposed to solve the problem that the control effect of the synergetic control adopted in battery-ultracapacitor hybrid energy storage system of electric vehicles is affected by the equivalent resistance of the ultracapacitor and the input voltage fluctuation caused by the internal resistance of the battery. A synergetic controller is designed based on the ideal state space average model of the DC-DC converter, and its stability is analyzed. Then, an accurate mathematical model of the system is established by considering the equivalent resistance of the ultracapacitor and the battery internal resistance. An adaptive observation function is designed and the adaptive control law is obtained based on the Lyapunov function. The unknown load and varying input voltage are then estimated. Furthermore, a macro-variable is designed, and a duty cycle function of the adaptive synergetic control is derived. Finally, a simulation model of the hybrid energy storage system is established in MATLAB/Simulink to verify the effectiveness of the adaptive synergetic control. Results show that the proposed adaptive synergetic control has slight overshoot and current fluctuation caused by load change, and its response speed is fast(the settling-time is about 4 ms). Moreover, the tracking error is less than 1% in current tracking control. Comparisons with the synergetic control and the sliding mode control show that the adaptive synergetic control has better stability and anti-interference ability. Therefore, the adaptive synergetic control effectively improves the stability and robustness of the hybrid energy storage system, and ensures the effectiveness of power allocation strategy.
作者
续丹
周佳辉
王斌
毛景禄
汪建林
XU Dan;ZHOU Jiahui;WANG Bin;MAO Jinglu;WANG Jianlin(School of Mechanical Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)
出处
《西安交通大学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第4期38-43,57,共7页
Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University
基金
中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2018M631143)
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(2018JQ5126)
关键词
电动汽车
混合储能系统
直流变换器
自适应协同控制
electric vehicle
hybrid energy storage system
DC-DC converter
adaptive synergetic control
