摘要
理论研究薄弱与实践经验不足是制约我国雪车、雪橇项目发展的主要"瓶颈",也是我国备战2022年冬季奥运会亟待解决的关键问题。研究从一般训练学与空气动力学的角度分析了雪车、雪橇的项目特征。研究认为,启动加速阶段、滑行阶段与雪车、雪橇成绩呈显著相关关系;手臂技术、步长与步频、起跳技术以及滑行技术是影响雪车、雪橇成绩的关键技术;在运动训练实践的过程中,应注重伸髋肌群与跖屈肌群快速力量的提高,注重跳车效率的提高,注重核心控制能力的提高;比赛规则允许的情况下,通过对橇体设计、运动员姿态与队形进行空气减阻,可以显著提高运动成绩。
The weak theoretical research and insufficient practical experience are the major 'bottlenecks' restricting the development of skeleton and bobsleigh events in China, and it is also the key problem which needs to be solved urgently in China’s preparation for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games. This article analyzed the characteristic of skeleton and bobsleigh events from the perspective of general training theory and aerodynamics. The research evidence shows that the accelerating stage and gliding phase are significantly correlated with athletic performance, the arm technology, stride length and frequency, jumping technique and sliding technique are the key techniques influencing skeleton and bobsleigh performance. In the practice of sports training, the coaches and athletes should pay attention to the improvements of hip extension muscles and plantar flexion muscles power, jumping efficiency, and core control ability. Under the competition rules, the air drag reduction in bobsleigh design and athletes’ posture and formation can improve the athletic performance significantly.
作者
李钊
李庆
LI Zhao;LI Qing(Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《体育科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第3期81-87,共7页
China Sport Science
基金
科技部国家重点研发计划(2018YFF0300903)
教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(18YJA890009)
关键词
雪车
雪橇
技术
体能
减阻
skeleton
bobsleigh
technique
physical ability
drag reduction
