摘要
采用盆栽试验方法,通过监测2012~2014年间土壤渗漏水氮磷迁移淋失及土壤养分积累和作物产量,在自然降雨条件下初步研究了不同利用方式(花生-萝卜轮作、玉米-萝卜轮作和紫薯单作)红黏土红壤对猪粪的安全消纳量。从渗漏水环境和土壤环境角度,常规化肥用量减半(N 50 kg hm-2 a-1,P 25 kg hm-2 a-1,K 50 kg hm-2 a-1)下,种植花生、玉米和紫薯的红壤猪粪最大安全用量分别为P 100 kg hm-2 a-1,P 200 kg hm-2 a-1和P 400 kg hm-2 a-1;从作物产量角度考虑,种植花生和紫薯的红壤猪粪施用量不应超过P 100 kg hm-2 a-1和P 400 kg hm-2 a-1,而在试验设计最高猪粪用量P 800 kg hm-2 a-1范围内玉米产量仍然增加。从安全消纳猪粪的角度,紫薯单作模式优于花生-萝卜轮作和玉米-萝卜轮作。综合考虑,种植花生、玉米和紫薯的猪粪每年最大安全消纳量分别为P 100 kg hm-2 a-1、P 200 kg hm-2 a-1和P 400 kg hm-2 a-1,相当于猪粪(含水量为69%)施用量分别为24000 kg hm-2 a-1、48000 kg hm-2 a-1和96000 kg hm-2 a-1。
In a pot exper iment, maximum safe loading capacities for pig manure in cropping systems of peanut(Arachishypogaea L)- radish(Raphanussativus L) rotation, maize(Zea mays L)- radish(Raphanussativus L) rotation and purple potato(Ipomoesbatats L) monoculture ina red clay soil were investigated under the natural rainfall in Ecological Experimental Station of Red Soil, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The maximum safe loading capacity for pig manure was estimated by monitoring the nitrate- N and total phosphorus in leaching water, the crop production and the accumulation of nutrients in the soil. In the case of half of conventional chemical fertilizer application rate(50 kg hm- 2a- 1of nitrogen, 25 kg hm- 2a- 1of phosphorus and 50 kg hm- 2a- 1of potassium), the maximum safe application rate of pig manure was P 100 kg hm- 2a- 1for peanut- radish system, P 200 kg hm- 2a- 1for maize- radish system, and P 400 kg hm- 2a- 1for purple potato system, based on the impacts of groundwater and soil environment. From the viewpoint of impacts on crop productivity, the safe application rate of pig manure should be no more than P 100 kg hm- 2a- 1for peanut- radish system, P 800 kg hm- 2a- 1for maize- radish system, and P 400 kg hm- 2a- 1for purple potato system.Purple potato system was the highest among the three systems in safe loading capacity for pig manure application.Taking into account both economic interests and environmental impacts, the maximum safe loading capacity for pig manure could be P 100 kg hm- 2a- 1for peanut- radish, P 200 kg hm- 2a- 1for maize- radish, and P 400 kg hm- 2a- 1for purple potato system, equivalent to application rates of 24000 kg hm- 2a- 1, 48000 kg hm- 2a- 1and 96000 kg hm- 2a- 1pig manure with a moisture of 69%, respectively.
出处
《土壤通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第5期1245-1252,共8页
Chinese Journal of Soil Science
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目(201203050)
中科院院地合作和江西省赣鄱英才项目资助
关键词
红壤
利用方式
猪粪
安全消纳量
Red soil
Land-use practice
Pig manure
Safe loading capacity
