摘要
干旱内陆河流域一直是生态环境变迁敏感区和社会各界广泛关注的焦点区。研究以石羊河流域为研究区,依据压力-状态-响应模型建立了格网化的流域生态安全评价模型,进而提出了干旱内陆河流域生态安全评估框架和判断标准,在GIS技术的支持下,对评价体系中各指标进行100 m×100 m尺度下的网格化表达,运用基于栅格数据的空间主成分分析和层次组合赋权法实现对研究区生态安全进行空间表达。结果表明:石羊河流域生态安全地域空间分布差异很大,生态安全指数最高区分布在凉州区及周边,最大值达到87.14,最低地区分布在民勤北部靠近沙漠边缘,其生态安全指数(SESI)值只有43.96,这种情况造成流域内部生态流交互作用减弱,各景观斑块彼此间的生态修复能力减弱,使该流域生态安全两级分化严重。石羊河流域生态安全目前尚处在第III(生态威胁安全)和IV(生态不安全)区间,流域经济社会发展仍以资源环境破坏为代价,属粗放式发展。流域目前面临的生态安全和可持续发展问题,正在使农业和农村经济发展的成本急剧上升。
The arid inland river basin is sensitive to ecological environmental changes, thus Shiyang River Basin was chosen as the study area. We built up a regional ecological security evaluation system on the basis of pressure-status-response model and gridding methods. Then, the assessment framework and judgment criterion were proposed according to the spatial ecological security index(SESI). In support of the GIS technology, this paper gave each index in the evaluation system the spatial expression of 100 m×100 m grid scale. Subsequently, the spatial principal component analysis and hierarchy process-combination weighting method were used to express the spatial distribution of regional ecological security in the study area. The differences of spatial distribution of regional ecological security were very obvious. The maximum of SESI was 87.14 in Liangzhou district and surrounding counties.Comparatively, the minimum value was 43.96, in north of Minqin and Tengery desert edge. This phenomenon lead to a weakened interaction between ecological flowing in the basin, and as well as the lowered capacity of ecological restoration between landscape patches. Hence, the polarization of the watershed ecological security will become more seriously. The ecological security and sustainable development of Shiyang River basin was still in class of III(endangering situation) and class of IV(insecurity situation).The economic and social development in Shiyang River basin is still facing high costs of environmental damage
出处
《土壤通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第4期789-795,共7页
Chinese Journal of Soil Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41261104)
国家社科基金青年项目(12CTJ001)
甘肃省青年科技基金计划项目(1107RJYA077)联合资助
关键词
空间主成分分析
层次组合赋权
空间分析
生态安全
石羊河流域
Spatial proposal component analysis
Hierarchy process-combination weighting method
Spatial analysis
Ecological security
Shiyang River Basin
