摘要
砷(As)作为危害人类健康的污染物之一,对粮食安全和人类健康的威胁已引起全世界的广泛关注。水稻对砷具有较强的富集能力,目前对土壤中砷的有效性、水稻对砷的吸收、水稻内砷的运转及影响因素等方面进行了广泛深入的研究。在总结目前研究成果的基础上,从土壤砷有效性和水稻砷吸收两个方面,讨论了土壤质地、有机质、灌溉方式、土壤微生物、根际环境、施肥种类、水稻品种及复合污染对土壤-水稻系统中砷迁移转化的影响因素及其机制,并从灌溉方式、施肥种类和方式及基因工程等方面进一步讨论了降低水稻砷吸收和积累的措施。根据目前研究中出现的问题和不足,对未来尚需要进一步深入的研究提出自己的建议和展望。
Arsenic(As) is one of the most serious environmental toxicants and has attracted worldwide attention due to its threaten to food security and human health. Arsenic accumulation in paddy rice is more efficient than other cereal crop. Many studies in As speciation and bioavailability in soil, As uptake by rice, As translocation in rice and their influencing factors have been reported recently. Based on the results of recent studies, the effects of soil texture,organic matter, water management, soil microorganisms, rhizosphere environment, application of fertilizer and combined pollution on transfer and translocation of As in soil-rice system were elucidated and summarized. Their influencing mechanisms were also discussed in this paper. The measures of water management, application of fertilizer and genetic engineering for reducing As accumulation in rice were further discussed. According to the limitation of the current research, perspectives and suggestions on further studies were put forward.
出处
《土壤通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第5期1273-1280,共8页
Chinese Journal of Soil Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41001190
41205087
41101294)
土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室项目(Y052010018)
中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室项目
江苏省政府留学奖学金项目
江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20141479)
南京信息工程大学实验室开放项目(14KF063)共同资助
关键词
砷
水稻
有效性
影响因素
措施
Arsenic
Rice
Absorption
Influence factor
Measure
