摘要
为了阐明小麦苗期耐低氮、低磷胁迫的生物学响应特征,以矮抗58品种为试验材料,采用水培试验法研究了小麦在不同营养环境中(全营养、低氮胁迫、低磷胁迫)的地上部生物学特性(地上部干重、株高、叶面积)、根系形态学特性(最大根长、总根数、根系总长度、根系干重和根冠比)和根系生理特性(根系活力、根系吸收面积),以及小麦苗期氮、磷素吸收与根系形态之间的关系。结果表明,在低氮和低磷胁迫下,小麦的株高、叶面积、茎叶干重、含氮量、根系干重、总根长、总根数及根冠比均明显降低,其中低磷胁迫下根系干重、总根长及根冠比的下降幅度大于低氮胁迫,低氮下最大根长的增加幅度较低磷增加7.3%;在低磷条件下小麦的含氮量下降了57.7%。低氮、低磷胁迫下小麦根系的总吸收面积、活性吸收面积及根系活力均明显降低;正常条件下的小麦氮、磷素吸收量与根系形态指标之间相关性较差,在低氮和低磷条件下小麦的氮、磷吸收量与根系干重、总根长、总吸收面积、活性吸收面积及根系活力呈极显著正相关。总之,该小麦品种根系对低磷环境反应较为敏感,而对低氮胁迫具有较好的适应性,小麦通过改变根系形态增加对低氮、磷胁迫的适应。
In order to clarify the biological response characteristics of wheat seedlings to low nitrogen and phosphorus stress,this experiment took AK58 as material and the biological characteristics(dry weight,plant height,leaf area),root morphological characteristics(maximum root length,total root number,total root length,dry weight and root-shoot ratio)and root physiological characteristics(root activity,root absorption area)of wheat under different nutrient environments(total nutrition,low nitrogen stress,low phosphorus stress)were studied,and the correlation between nitrogen and phosphorus uptake and root morphology in wheat seedling stage was also studied.The results showed that the plant height,leaf area,stem and leaf dry weight,nitrogen content,root dry weight,total root length,total root number and root-shoot ratio of wheat decreased significantly under low nitrogen and phosphorus stress.The decrease of root dry weight,total root length and root-shoot ratio under low phosphorus stress was greater than that under low nitrogen stress,and the increase of maximum root length under low nitrogen was 7.3%higher than that under low phosphorus stress.Under the condition of low phosphorus,the nitrogen content of wheat decreased by 57.7%.Under low nitrogen and phosphorus stress,the total absorption area,active absorption area and root activity of wheat roots decreased obviously.The correlation between the nitrogen and phosphorus uptake and root morphology index of wheat under normal conditions was poor.The nitrogen and phosphorus uptake of wheat was significantly and positively correlated with root dry weight,total root length,total absorption area,active absorption area and root activity under low nitrogen and low phosphorus conditions.In short,the root system of this wheat variety is more sensitive to low phosphorus environment and has better adaptability to low nitrogen stress.Wheat can increase its adaptability to low nitrogen and phosphorus stress by changing root system morphology.
作者
王峻
宋科
潘剑君
薛永
孙丽娟
蔡银美
WANG Jun;SONG Ke;PAN Jian-jun;XUE Yong;SUN Li-juan;CAI Yin-mei(Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shanghai Scientific Observation and Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment and Land Conservation/Shanghai Environmental Protection Monitoring Station of Agriculture/Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low-carbon Agriculture/Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology,Shanghai 201403;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210095;College of Agricultural,Anshun University,Anshun Guizhou 561000)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期152-158,164,共8页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200500)
上海市科委长三角科技联合攻关专项(17295810602)
上海市科委社会发展领域重点项目(17DZ1202301)
上海市农业科学院卓越团队计划[2017(A-03)]
关键词
氮磷胁迫
小麦
生物学响应
根系
nitrogen and phosphorus stress
wheat
biological response
root system
